Portail HAL Institut Agro Montpellier
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Improving identification quality in herbaria with NIRS ?
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/613175/)International audienc
Unseen catalyst: How networking facilitation and brokerage drive agri-food innovation amidst growing innovation support service diversification in the global south
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612820/) * Autres projets (id;sigle;titre): ;SERVInnov;(EU) Strengthening Innovation Support SERVices to enhance INNOVations for sustainable food production//International audienceThis paper examines the role of networking service activities in fostering sustainability-oriented innovations in agriculture and in the agri-food sector. It focuses on case studies from Cameroon, Madagascar, and Burkina Faso. While existing current research on networking for innovation has focused on management and business issues, this study introduces and uses the novel concepts of “service situation” and “Innovation Support Services (ISS)” to analyse the role of networking service activities in agri-food innovation processes. The findings reveal that networking activities were not prioritised as key services by service providers instead, the focus was on resource access and capacity-building services. Additionally, institutional support for niche innovations and demand articulation services were observed to be lacking. The study underscores the necessity for a more comprehensive service portfolio that extends beyond technical training, advocating for the deliberate incorporation of networking, institutional support, advisory, consultancy, and backstopping services into innovation processes. The study further proposes a categorisation of networking activities into two distinct types: managed (intentional) and informal (unintentional). This categorisation is intended to facilitate a more precise assessment thereby enhancing their role in promoting innovation. The paper further postulates that networking services, although invisible, are pivotal for the success of innovations by providing adaptable support throughout different phases. By strategically delineating networking approaches for each innovation phase, service providers and beneficiaries can enhance the effectiveness and outcomes of innovation efforts in the agri-food sector
Analyse de données fonctionnelles : exemples d'applications en sciences du vivant
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612707/)International audienceDe nombreux travaux dans le domaine des sciences du vivant consistent à expliquer ou prédire le comportement d'une variable réponse en fonction d'une (ou plusieurs) variable(s) indépendante(s). Par exemple, prédire la productivité annuelle des cultures à partir de données climatiques est un enjeu de sécurité alimentaire. Identifier les facteurs associés à une sédentarité élevée chez les personnes âgées est essentielle pour cibler les actions de prévention de santé. Pour finir, d´écrire la dynamique épidémique d'une maladie des plantes est utile pour développer des méthodes de surveillance et de contrôle adaptées. Certaines de ces variables de réponse – comme la distribution d'activité physique dans la journée, les dégâts foliaires – ou indépendantes – comme les variables climatiques – sont caractérisées par des séries d'observations issues de processus continus, d'où leur appellation de données fonctionnelles. Analyser ces données " par morceaux " selon une approche multivariée ne permet pas de tenir compte du processus de génération sous-jacent. Alternativement, on peut exprimer ces observations sous la forme d'une fonction que l'on utilise ensuite à des fins de modélisation et/ou de prédiction. De la santé des humains à celle des plantes, en passant par la prédiction du rendement des culture, cette présentation propose d'aborder trois exemples d'application d'analyse de données fonctionnelles aux sciences du vivant
Metabolomics of oil palm sap: Extraction methods & K rate effect
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612394/)International audienc
Devenir agricultrice à Boudnib
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612127/)International audienc
Creating new opportunities for plantation managers: The TALENT Programme
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612108/) * Autres projets (id;sigle;titre): ;TALENT;(IDN) TrAining on LandscapE MaNagement//International audienceThe TALENT (TrAining on LandscapE maNagement) programme was designed to raise awareness about sustainable agriculture and the environment among current and future managers of tree-crop plantations. The main objective of the partnership is to develop specific training activities that will disseminate agro-environmental best practices. To achieve this, the project targets four countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and Thailand) and four major commodities (oil palm, rubber, timber and pulp). We have selected a group of six partner universities with the common aim of reaching four different audiences: Masters students, managers of large plantations, managers of smallholder cooperatives and bank executives. The TALENT Programme will create a network of decision-makers who understand and apply the key principles of sustainability, based on their experience in the field. TALENT also develops specific training activities for the finance sector. These will link the current challenges in plantation agriculture to the financing of sustainable plantations and stimulate their development. The TALENT initiative is revising existing master and bachelor's programs and organizes regional seminars and visits to sites of interest. This allows the partnership to reach out directly to producers, financial actors and academic partners. In addition to face-to-face teaching, the e-TALENT sub-project provides online resources to all learners interested in plantation sustainability in Southeast Asia. TALENT is funded by Agence Française de Développement and implemented by CIRAD, the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development
Le palmier à huile : face aux évolutions sociétales. Fiche n° 01.02.Q57
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/611672/)International audienc
Genome-wide analysis of Moniliophthora roreri facilitates the development of species-specific primers for biomonitoring frosty pod rot of cacao
No full textInternational audienceDetecting pathogens in asymptomatic plants allows for a rapid response to emerging threats, such as the introduction of new pathogens or the emergence of new resistant strains. Frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) significantly jeopardizes cacao production by impairing pod quality and yield. However, early diagnosis is challenging due to its prolonged incubation period, compounded by symptoms resembling those of M. perniciosa, the causative agent of witches' broom disease. To address this, a specific and sensitive quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was developed for M. roreri detection. This involved testing diagnostic primers against a panel of 252 DNA samples collected from target and nontarget species of over 13 fungal species commonly found in cacao plantations from various regions. Species-specific primer pairs were obtained through genomic comparison of Moniliophthora spp. genomes. Two primer sets, Mr77F/R and Mr78F/R, were validated using a set of M. roreri DNA samples representative of different genetic groups (Ecuador, Peru, and Mexico) and M. perniciosa, from which no amplification was detected. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 0.9 ng/µl for both primers Mr77F/R and Mr78F/R. Using this set of primers, the amplification of M. roreri DNA from naturally diseased cocoa pods at various stages of infection was also successful. At the practical level, the data provided here confirm the value of molecular diagnostic testing for the early detection of M. roreri. These features are desirable for improving fungal diagnostic capacity and assisting in devising strategies to avoid pathogen dispersion within cacao-growing regions
The diasporic meatscapes of the Tamil community in Toronto: How immigrants reconfigure food environments and infrastructures to secure a taste of home
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609751/)International audienceAlthough scholars have studied how people navigate their foodscapes, little research has addressed together the way immigrants experience and shape their food environments. This article explores how the members of the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora eat and purchase meat in Toronto, and how they reconfigure the food infrastructures in the city. Unpacking the intertwined politics and practices of food consumption and distribution, it contributes to a dynamic and relational approach to migrant food environments. Drawing on observations and open-ended interviews with members of the Tamil community and with Tamil food entrepreneurs, I argue that, in Toronto, Tamils give specific materialities and meanings to their food environments and food practices, turning what I call “culinary affordances” into suitable meat and meatscapes for the community. Diasporic foodscapes connect different locations – real or fantasized, close or distant, endured or lamented – notably through immigrants' quest for home specific foods
