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Human-Robot Interactions in Investment Decisions
No full textNational audienceWe study the introduction of robo-advising on a large set of Employee Saving Plans. Differently from many services that fully automate portfolio decisions, our robo-advisor proposes investment and rebalancing strategies, leaving investors free to follow or ignore them. The resulting human-robot interactions occur both at the time of the subscription and over time, as the robot sends alerts when the investor’s portfolio gets too far from the target allocation. We show that the robo-service is associated with an increase in investors’ attention and trading activities. Following the robot’s alerts, investors change their rebalancing behaviors so as to stay closer to their target allocation, which results in larger portfolio returns. Counterfactual returns induced by automatic rebalancing by the robot would be only slightly higher, suggesting that on average the financial cost of letting investors retain control is not large
Routing India towards Net Zero: Optimal Planning of the CCS Infrastructure
No full textGiven its size, growing population, and emerging economy, India's energy choices are critically important for mitigating global climate change. The country's increasing energy consumption, heavily reliant on coal, raises concerns about its ability to achieve its net-zero target by 2070. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies offer a potential solution to reduce emissions from coal-fired power plants. However, the size, cost, and feasibility of CCS deployment in India remain largely unexplored.This paper addresses this gap by introducing a cost-minimizing Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) model for CCS deployment in India. The model incorporates detailed carbon capture investment, pipeline routing, and onshore and offshore storage investments. To examine the implications of CCS adoption, we analyze four scenarios that reflect alternative policy mandates, storage restrictions, and capture targets.Our results reveal several important findings. First, India's optimal CO2 pipeline network is characterized by local infrastructures concentrated around storage basins rather than forming a nationally integrated network. Second, a significant portion of emissions is transported along an eastern transportation 'backbone' in all modeled scenarios
Les stratégies familiales de reproduction : comment se transmettent le capital économique et le capital culturel dans la France contemporaine ?
No full textInternational audienc
Study and improvement of search algorithms in two-players perfect information games ⋆
No full textGames, in their mathematical sense, are everywhere (game industries, economics, defense, education, chemistry, biology, ...).Search algorithms in games are artificial intelligence methods for playing such games. Unfortunately, there is no study on these algorithms that evaluates the generality of their performance. We propose to address this gap in the case of two-player zero-sum games with perfect information. Furthermore, we propose a new search algorithm and we show that, for a short search time, it outperforms all studied algorithms on all games in this large experiment and that, for a medium search time, it outperforms all studied algorithms on 17 of the 22 studied games
Are urban areas better environmentally managed than countries ?
No full textGovernment entities are crucial in implementing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope with climate change. This article introduces an innovative quantitative composite index to assess environmental performance across the city and country levels: a Deterioration of Environmental Performance Index (DEPI). This new index provides valuable and objective insights into the sustainability of territorial development strategies. This article aims to understand how local and national governments address environmental challenges by leveraging these metrics. We compute the annual index evolution for ten countries from 2001 to 2020. Our findings reveal that, compared to baseline levels, environmentally harmful outcomes generally decrease more significantly (or increase less sharply) over time. In addition, countries tend to outperform their cities in managing five critical environmental impacts: air pollution, river flooding, coastal flooding, forest fires, and heatwaves
Statistical estimation of a mean-field fitzhugh-nagumo model
No full textWe consider an interacting system of particles with value in R d × R d , governed by transport and diffusion on the first component, on that may serve as a representative model for kinetic models with a degenerate component. In a first part, we control the fluctuations of the empirical measure of the system around the solution of the corresponding Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation by proving a Bernstein concentration inequality, extending a previous result of [DMH22] in several directions. In a second part, we study the nonparametric statistical estimation of the classical solution of Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation from the observation of the empirical measure and prove an oracle inequality using the Goldenshluger-Lepski methodology and we obtain minimax optimality. We then specialise on the FitzHugh-Nagumo model for populations of neurons. We consider a version of the model proposed in Mischler et al. [MQT16] an optimally estimate the 6 parameters of the model by moment estimators.</div
Core stability in additively separable hedonic games of low treewidth
No full textInternational audienc
A Cahn--Hilliard--Willmore phase field model for non-oriented interfaces
No full textInternational audienceWe investigate a new phase field model for representing non-oriented interfaces, approximating their area and simulating their area-minimizing flow. Our contribution is related to the approach proposed in arXiv:2105.09627 that involves ad hoc neural networks. We show here that, instead of neural networks, similar results can be obtained using a more standard variational approach that combines a Cahn-Hilliard-type functional involving an appropriate non-smooth potential and a Willmore-type stabilization energy. We show some properties of this phase field model in dimension and, for radially symmetric functions, in arbitrary dimension. We propose a simple numerical scheme to approximate its -gradient flow. We illustrate numerically that the new flow approximates fairly well the mean curvature flow of codimension or interfaces in dimensions and
Legal Repair: Domesticating European Legislation on Pig Welfare
No full textInternational audienceOur daily activities rely on a proliferating number of things that are subject to decay. As stressed in a growing body of literature, repair is critical to the smooth functioning of material infrastructure. However, this scholarship has overlooked a crucial dimension: things become fragile not only due to material degradation but also as a result of regulatory change. This article introduces the notion of “legal repair” to describe how, in the face of legal change, certain actors reassemble the material world. We elaborate on this concept through an analysis of the domestication of European Union (EU) animal welfare legislation by the French pig sector. While it was feared that stricter pig housing standards would fragilize the existing farms, pig farmers complied using technical systems that failed to significantly improve animal welfare. We analyze this domestication of EU legislation as a process of legal repair. Alongside the political work of the leaders of the pig sector, agricultural advisers also played a key role. Their work reveals the relational nature of legal repair: in the production of “local specifications” matching the demands of existing farming systems, in the negotiation of the finer points of the legislation, and in the redefinition of farming performance
ACTB deletions or single-nucleotide loss-of-function variants: expansion and further delineation of the phenotype and review of the literature
No full textInternational audienceBackground Pathogenic gain-of-function or dominant-negative effect missense variations in ACTB are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by intellectual disability (ID), seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, cerebral, renal and ocular abnormalities and dysmorphic features (Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome). ACTB encodes beta-actin, a highly conserved protein involved in cell motility, structure and integrity. Deletions including ACTB, and, more rarely, single-nucleotide loss-of-function variants in ACTB have been described in patients with a distinct phenotype including developmental delay, ID, microcephaly, growth restriction, cardiac and renal abnormalities and dysmorphic features. Methods We collected 14 individuals and 1 fetus carrying a heterozygous deletion including ACTB , and 4 individuals with a heterozygous truncating variant. Genotypic and phenotypic data were analysed. Furthermore, a comprehensive review of all cases reported to date was also undertaken. Results Twelve out of 17 individuals presented with ID, and 3 out of 17 with learning disabilities. Speech delay and behavioural abnormalities were observed in 15 out of 17 and 12 out of 17 individuals, respectively, motor delay in 9 out of 17 and growth restriction in 9 out of 18. Most of the individuals (13/18) had recognisable dysmorphic features. 11 anomalies were de novo, except for 1 deletion inherited from the mother. The size of the deletion varied from 125 kb to 1.6 Mb and could result from a fork stalling and template switching. Conclusion This study allowed us to better characterise the phenotype associated with the haploinsufficiency of ACTB, underlying the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (ID, speech and motor delay, behavioural abnormalities) and growth restriction in this recognisable syndrome