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E-SUPPLY CHAIN ET PRODUCTIVITE : LE CAS DE LA DISTRIBUTION ALIMENTAIRE
No full textInternational audienceCe papier analyse d'une part les transferts d'activités constatés au sein de la supply chain alimentaire entre consommateurs, distributeurs et fournisseurs suite au développement des cybermarchés, et d'autre part en évalue les incidences sur la productivité de chaque acteur. L'objectif est l'étude de la productivité dans un contexte multicanal et dans une perspective holistique sur l'intégralité de la supply chain. Ce travail permettra donc une meilleure réflexion sur d'éventuelles améliorations de la gestion globale de la supply chain dans une stratégie transcanal des différents canaux marketing
Simulation of unbalanced buffer allocation in unreliable unpaced production lines
No full textInternational audienceThis article presents the results of a study investigating the performance of unpaced unreliable production lines (i.e. subject to breakdown) that are unbalanced in terms of their buffer storage sizes. Simulation is carried out for five, eight and 10 station lines with mean buffer space set at two, four and six units. Buffer capacity is allocated in different configurations for each of these lines. Performance indicators on throughput, idle time and average buffer level are analysed using a range of statistical tools, and relationships between the independent and dependent variables are determined. Overall results show that the best patterns for unreliable lines in terms of generating higher throughput rates (or lower idle times) as compared to a balanced line are those where total available buffer capacity is allocated as evenly as possible between workstations. In contrast, concentrating more buffer capacity towards the end of the line gives best average buffer level results
The Effects of Facial Attractiveness and Gender on Customer Evaluations during a Web-Video Sales Encounter
No full textInternational audienceThe use of virtual environments as a support platform for demonstrating products and providing after-sales advice is today relatively commonplace. The Web-video interface represents a fundamental shift away from traditional selling atmospherics where the facial appearance of sales personnel replaces many traditional dimensions of service quality. Although salesperson attractiveness has previously been studied empirically, research into facial attractiveness remains scant. As gender has been proposed as a moderating factor in dyadic selling relationships, this study employs an experiment to test the combined effects of salesperson facial attractiveness, complainant gender, and salesperson gender, on three customer evaluations-satisfaction, perceived quality, and loyalty intentions-during a Web-video encounter. The findings show that facial appearance significantly affected satisfaction at the encounter level although not perceptions of overall service quality or intentions to repurchase. In addition, the study found that dyad gender mismatching resulted in higher customer satisfaction scores for an attractive salesperson. Based on these results, managerial implications and opportunities for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
Social Innovation in Emerging Economies: A Resource-Based View Perspective
No full textInternational audienceEmerging economies can achieve substantial innovation with limited resources based on the analysis of demand (user needs) in contrast with the traditional RBV theory, which considers supply as the departure point of innovation
Performance of reliable and unreliable unpaced production lines with uneven buffer allocation
No full textStock Spams: Another Kind Of Stock Prices Manipulation
No full textInternational audienceThis research investigates the market reaction to an information-based manipulation called stock spams. The impact is focused on the liquidity variable which is measured by Amivest ratio. Using the event study methodology on a sample of penny stocks for the period February 2006 through October 2008, our findings suggest positive and significant abnormal liquidities for stocks targeted by manipulators during the event window. Robustness checks were performed using a non-parametric test. These results support the thesis that this kind of manipulation is a very flourishing business that manipulators exploit by simply purchasing stocks at low prices and selling them at higher prices
The financial crisis and the gathering of political intelligence: A cross-country comparison of SMEs in France, Sweden and the UK
No full textInternational audienceThis article reports the findings of a study that compared cross-national differences in how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) monitored political responses to the economic and financial crisis of 2007–2009. Original, empirical data collected through an online survey of 206 small business managers in France, Sweden and the UK were analysed to explore the extent that they monitored policy responses to the crisis, their motivations for doing so, and the sources of information they used for political intelligence gathering purposes. The findings show that the monitoring of political initiatives by SMEs in response to the recession varied in accordance with the extent to which their countries are affected by the recession. Also, small business managers on the whole considered it more important, despite the international nature of the crisis, to monitor political responses in national rather than supranational political settings. Contrary to our expectations, we found that SMEs across all three countries drew on similarly wide sources of information when monitoring policy responses to the crisis. Also surprising was the finding that SME managers in the UK relied heavily on official government sources when gathering intelligence on attempts to alleviate the recession’s effects
Improving the efficiency of your production facility
No full textDespite the cautious optimism following the recent economic crisis, people who design, manage and maintain production facilities are still facing tough decisions. Competition from emerging economies such as the BRIC contries (Brazil, Russia, India and China), slow consumer reponse, rising prices for raw materials and uncertainty about the immediate economic future, are just a few of the issues that are continuiting to challenge production managers today
Sustainable purchasing and supply management: a structured literature review of definitions and measures at the dyad, chain and network levels
No full textInternational audienceThis paper provides a structured literature review of sustainability in purchasing and supply management, moving beyond the traditional environmental and social sustainability. The paper reviews the concept of sustainability at three levels of inter-organizational analysis - i.e. dyad, supply chain and network. The paper distils the nature and scope of existing research and synthesizes measures used to research sustainability across organizational boundaries. This literature review systematically analyzes existing literature. In particular, the review focuses on definitions and measures of sustainable purchasing and supply management to obtain an accurate view of current research. This paper uncovers two distinct trends in the type of research carried out. First, internal or dyadic issues are in focus and second, a tendency to deal with environmental, as opposed to social, sustainability. Despite the need to look beyond the dyad given the risks associated with the extended network, few studies do so in any of the sustainability dimensions. This review is limited by the method employed focusing on definitions and measures. Although the review considers supply chain and network research, it does so purely from a purchasing perspective, thus excluding issues such as logistics and transport. The paper identifies areas open to future research and provides practical insights into how sustainable purchasing and supply are measured. It also synthesizes existing measures of sustainability at different levels and organizes these into a taxonomy. The paper examines studies across multiple levels of analysis and integrates multiple fields of knowledge to show how research on sustainability in purchasing and supply is structured
The Diffusion of HR Practices in Chinese Workplaces and Organizational Outcomes
No full textInternational audienceHow relevant are human resource (HR) practices in economies undergoing significant economic transition from a command to a market-based system? Using data drawn from a large sample of Chinese establishments, the authors investigate the spread of a range of Western-style HR practices in China and estimate the relationship between the adoption of these practices and three organizational outcomes: sales per employee, total labor costs, and unit labor costs. They find a mixed result for the relationships between labor management practices and establishment productivity. While the introduction of a number of HR practices was also associated with significantly higher labor costs, the results indicate a more mixed result for the relationship between these practices and unit labor costs. Their findings further the understanding of the relationship between work practices and organizational outcomes, and they help clarify the effects of the changing economic context on HR management in China