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The effects of unbalancing operation time variability on the performance of unreliable lines
No full textInternational audiencePurpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of unpaced unreliable production lines that are deliberately unbalanced in terms of their coefficients of variation (CVs). Design/methodology/approach - A series of simulation experiments were carried out for five and eight station lines with mean buffer space set at one, two, four and six units. CVs were allocated in 12 different configurations for each of these lines. Findings - The results show that the best unbalanced CV patterns in terms of throughput rates or idle times as compared to a balanced line counterpart are those where the steadiest stations are concentrated near the centre of the line. On the other hand, either concentrating the steadier operators towards the centre or close to the end of the line gives best average buffer level results. Practical implications - The results provide guidelines for production line managers when designing unpaced unbalanced lines depending on their performance aims. Originality/value - The investigation of the effects of unbalancing CVs in unreliable lines has not previously been studied and can provide insights into how best to place workstations with differing variability along the line
E-Supply Chain et productivité : le cas de la distribution alimentaire
No full textInternational audienceCe papier analyse d’une part les transferts d’activités constatés au sein de la supply chain alimentaire entre consommateurs, distributeurs et fournisseurs suite au développement des cybermarchés, et d’autre part en évalue les incidences sur la productivité de chaque acteur. L’objectif est l’étude de la productivité dans un contexte multicanal et dans une perspective holistique sur l’intégralité de la supply chain. Ce travail permettra donc une meilleure réflexion sur d’éventuelles améliorations de la gestion globale de la supply chain dans une stratégie transcanal des différents canaux marketing
The Link Between Responsibility and Legitimacy: The Case of De Beers in Namibia
No full textInternational audienceThis article investigates the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and the reasons for which legitimacy is ascribed or denied. It fills a gap in the literature on CSR and legitimacy that lacks empirical studies regarding the question whether CSR contributes to organisational legitimacy. The problem is discussed by referring to the case of De Beers’s diamond mining partnership with the Government of Namibia. A total of 42 interviews were conducted—41 with stakeholders and one with the focal organisation Namdeb. The 41 stakeholder interviews are analysed with regard to cognitive, pragmatic and moral legitimacy as defined by Suchman (Acad Manage Rev 20(3):571–610, 1995). The main finding is that the majority of statements on organisational legitimacy refer to moral legitimacy and most issues raised in this context challenge the company’s legitimacy despite its comprehensive CSR engagement. The study demonstrates that legitimacy gaps can be a result of communication practices that raise unrealistic stakeholder expectations and that the legitimacy gained by CSR engagement in one area cannot substitute legitimacy losses caused by failures in another
Risque et lancement de produits nouveaux : l'apport de la cognition sociale implicite
No full textoai:HAL:hal-00956958v1The launch of an innovation carries a considerable element of risk, as new product failure rates are extremely high. Among the reasons for new product failure is poor market research. We demonstrate that a joint measure of explicit attitude (deliberate evaluation which is accessible to introspection) and implicit attitude (indirect and automatic evaluation) increases market research reliability and therefore reduces risks associated with product innovation.Compte tenu du taux d'échec élevé des produits nouveaux, lancer une innovation représente un risque majeur. Une raison de ces nombreux échecs est la médiocre qualité des études marketing. Nous montrons qu'une double mesure de l'attitude, explicite (évaluation délibérée accessible à l'introspection) et implicite (évaluation automatique et indirecte) permet d'augmenter la fiabilité des études et de diminuer ainsi les risques liés à l'innovation
Reliable and unreliable unpaced production lines with unbalanced operation time means- a comparison
No full textThe design of reliable unpaced production lines with signle and double imbalance sources
No full textThis paper studies the behaviour and performance of reliable, unpaced serial production lines with either one source of imbalance (namely, unbalanced service time means (MTs), unequal coefficients of variation (CVs), uneven buffer capacities (BC)), or with two simultaneous sourced of imbalance (i.e. MT&CV, MT&BC and CV&BC). The lines were simulated with various values of line length, buffer storage size, degree of imbalance, coefficient of variation, along with a number of imbalance configurations. The primary measures of efficiency were midle time (IT) and average buffer level (ABL). Output data from the discrete event simulation of such lines under their steady-state mode of operation were analyzed using a set of statistical methods. The best, second best or good patterns in terms of IT and ABL were identified and compared to balanced line counterparts. Various relationships between the independent and response variables and rankings of the design factors with respect to their impacts on IT and ABL were also obtained
Common mistakes in designing and implementing service guarantees
No full textInternational audiencePurpose The purpose of this paper is to explore companies' experiences in designing and implementing service guarantees. Design/methodology/approach The methodology relied on 22 in‐depth personal interviews across a sample of ten Australian service firms. Findings The effectiveness of a service guarantee depends on how well a firm designs and implements it. It was found that service guarantees were generally not well conceived, implemented, or monitored after launch. Through a comparison of theory and practice, this study identifies a number of common mistakes, including inadequate or non‐existent pre‐launch market research; ambiguous definition of the role of the guarantee; inadequate market testing of alternative guarantee promises; a lack of consultation with key functional managers during development; a lack of CEO commitment; ambiguous assignment of responsibility for ongoing management of the guarantee; and an absence of performance evaluation. Research limitations/implications The study employs qualitative research techniques and considers only Australian firms. Practical implications While the common mistakes offer cautions for managers when planning a service guarantee, some outstanding examples of successfully implemented service guarantees also emerged. A notable example is the customer charter, a more comprehensive conditional guarantee that avoids many of the pitfalls associated with traditional service guarantees. Originality/value Previous studies do not address the experiences of a broad sample of companies that have designed and implemented a service guarantee. The findings in this paper extend the understanding of how service guarantees could become more effective and identify directions for future research
Can Islamic Finance Constitute A Solution to Crisis?
No full textInternational audienceThe aim of this paper is to show that the Islamic finance is more stable than the conventional finance constituting, thus, a means to reduce the impact of financial crises. Using a VAR model for the financial indexes of France, United States, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, we show that the effect of a shock on the American market during the period of crisis is negatively transmitted on all other markets, but with a small extent on the market using the method of Islamic financing
The allocation of buffer capacities in unreliable unpaced production lines using simulation
No full textThe performance of unpaced unreliable production lines that are unbalanced in terms of their buffer storage sizes is investigated in this article. Lines are simulated at different levels of line length, total buffer capacity and mean buffer capacity, and for each of these the configuration of buffer allocation is varied. Output data on throughput, idle time and average buffer level are analysed using a range of statistical tools, and relationships between the independent and dependent variables were determined. The best patterns in terms of generating higher throughput rates (or lower idle times) and lower average buffer levels as compared to a balanced line are those where total available buffer capacity is allocated as evenly as possible between workstations and to concentrate more buffer capacity towards the end of the line, respectively