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    SAR-Light : SAR sur drone et développement de la bande UHF pour la détection de mines

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    International audienceSAR-Light is a drone-embedded SAR imaging tool developed by ONERA, the French aerospace lab since few years with full polarimetric X- and C-bands imaging capabilities. This study focus on the recent development of the UHF band for SARLight. As UHF band allows radar signal penetration through the environment, it is generally a privileged band to detection of hidden objects such as mines. Moreover UAV SAR sensors are flexible that allow fast acquisitions in different trajectories. A measurement campaign dedicated to mines detection is presented to demonstrate the potential use of UHF UAV SAR and additional degrees of freedom for mines detection

    Metrology of microwave fields with cold rydberg atoms

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    International audienceRydberg atoms are highly promising for microwave electric field sensing owing to their large dipole matrix elements. While most experimental developments have focused on room-temperature vapors so far, utilizing cold atoms in this context could open new possibilities for applications where accuracy, long term stability and highresolution at large integration times are required, such as calibrating blackbody shifts in state-of-the-art optical clocks or measuring the cosmic MW background. Here, we report a novel approach [1] for the metrology of microwave fields with cold 87 Rubidium Rydberg atoms based on trap-loss-spectroscopy in a magneto-optical trap (MOT)

    Impact of distributed roughness on instabilities in boundary layers under pressure gradient

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    International audienceThe effectiveness of control strategies aimed at extending the laminar boundary layer is highly depen- dent on the condition of the aerodynamic surfaces, which can deteriorate over time. It is well known that the presence of distributed roughness can shift the onset of the transition upstream [1], although the underlying reasons for such an enhancement of the transition are varied. For instance, Corke et al. demonstrated through experiments on a flat plate that this phenomenon can result from an increase in the linear amplification of modal instabilities, a process known as over-amplification [2]. In an effort to quantify this transition advance, some studies have adopted a semi-empirical approach using the eN method, which combines Linear Stability Theory (LST) with experimentally measured transition onsets [3]. Despite these advances, there is a lack of predictive models that can accurately determine the onset of transition in the presence of randomly distributed roughness under different aerodynamic conditions. The present work aims to further investigate the influence of stochastically distributed roughness on a two-dimensional incompressible boundary layer developing over a profile where modal instabilities are expected. This approach will not only allow the study of the amplification as a function of different roughness parameters but will also provide a ∆N model to predict transition under such conditions

    PFEM-GP-dpHs : a finite element framework for combining Gaussian processes and infinite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian systems

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    In order to learn distributed port-Hamiltonian systems (dpHs) using Gaussian processes (GPs), the partitioned finite element method (PFEM) is combined with the Gp-dpHs method. By following a late lumping approach, the discretization of the functional hyperparameters of the GP prior over the Hamiltonian functional is chosen independently from the discretization of the dpHs, thus reducing the numerical complexity of our method. We next model the mean of the GP prior of the Hamiltonian as a quadratic form, enabling the GP kernel to focus on the nonlinear part of a given dpHs. We illustrate our method on a nonlinear one dimensional wave equation with unknown physical parameters (tension and linear mass)

    Mean resolvent analysis of periodic flows

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    Caractérisation d’ondulations hors plan dans des composites stratifiés par ondes de Lamb

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    Evaluation et contrôle non destructif; GAPSUS - Acoustique Physique, Sous-Marine et Ultra-SonoreNational audienceDans le contexte industriel actuel, la détection et la quantification de défauts initiaux en sortie de fabrication de pièces ou structures composites deviennent un enjeu majeur. Cet objectif est en outre critique lorsque la présence de défauts provoque un abattement conséquent des propriétés mécaniques. Il apparaît aujourd’hui essentiel que le contrôle non destructif (CND) apporte son appui concernant la classification et l’acceptabilité des défauts avant une éventuelle mise en service d’une pièce. Dans le cas des matériaux polymères renforcés de fibres de carbone (PRFC), les défauts d’ondulation hors plan (OHP) sont particulièrement scrutés. Elles se caractérisant par une désorientation locale des plis dans l’épaisseur du système stratifié. Ces OHP posent alors le problème qu’elles ne génèrent aucune rupture d’impédance nette dans le matériau, à l’inverse de défauts plus usuels tels du délaminage et des porosités, ce qui complexifie la mise en œuvre de méthodes CND. Dans ce cadre, les travaux présentés ici proposent de caractériser ces défauts par une méthode ultrasonore se basant sur la mise en œuvre d’ondes de Lamb. Tout d’abord, une première étude paramétrique numérique a été réalisée en modélisant les OHP dans des plaques de PRFC stratifié afin de quantifier la sensibilité des modes de propagation aux différentes caractéristiques géométriques de ces défauts. Des essais expérimentaux ont ensuite été réalisés en générant des ondes guidées dans des plaques, saine et avec défaut, puis en les détectant par des mesures au vibromètre laser. Les résultats montrent que la propagation des ondes de Lamb est perturbée par la présence des OHP, ce qui permet de localiser ce défaut et dans une moindre mesure de quantifier sa géométrie

    Rayonnement infrarouge des particules de suie dans le jet d'un moteur-fusée: comparaison entre les simulations numériques et les expériences au banc de propulsion

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    International audienceAircraft stealth is undermined by two distinct features: the electromagnetic signature and the thermal signature. The thermal signature is mainly generated by the powerful infrared radiation of the exhaust plume expelled by an aircraft or missile engine nozzle. This radiative emission is mainly due to the hot gaseous species, notably carbon dioxide and water vapor, and can be enhanced by the afterburning process with oxidizing gases in the atmosphere. A significant contribution is also added by the blackbody radiation emitted by particles such as soot. Soot is particularly present when the primary combustion in the engine is incomplete, or in engines where the hot combustion products can erode the nozzle and the thermal protections. Characterizing the presence of soot in rocket engine plumes is a complex task, since it depends on a number of factors, such as combustion kinetics, composition of the burned gases and wall surface condition (cooling or specific materials).La furtivité des avions est compromise par deux caractéristiques distinctes : la signature électromagnétique et la signature thermique. La signature thermique est principalement générée par le puissant rayonnement infrarouge du jet expulsé par la tuyère d'un moteur d'avion ou de missile. Cette émission radiative est principalement due aux espèces gazeuses chaudes, notamment le dioxyde de carbone et la vapeur d'eau, et peut être renforcée par le processus de postcombustion avec les gaz oxydants dans l'atmosphère. Une contribution significative est également apportée par le rayonnement du corps noir émis par des particules telles que la suie. La suie est particulièrement présente lorsque la combustion primaire dans le moteur est incomplète, ou dans les moteurs où les produits de combustion chauds peuvent éroder la tuyère et les protections thermiques. La caractérisation de la présence de suies dans les jets des moteurs-fusées est une tâche complexe, car elle dépend d'un certain nombre de facteurs, tels que la cinétique de la combustion, la composition des gaz brûlés et l'état de la surface de la paroi (refroidissement ou matériaux spécifiques)

    Modélisation et caractérisation d'un composite à matrice céramique revêtu sous chargements multi-physiques extrêmes

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    International audienceModélisation et caractérisation d'un composite à matrice céramique revêtu sous chargements multi-physiques extrême

    Identication of the interfacial fracture energy at high temperature of an environmental barrier coating on a ceramic matrix composite

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    International audienceIn the present work, the interface fracture energy between a SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite and its environmental barrier coating is assessed at 1000°C. Four-point flexural tests with no precrack were conducted inside a furnace to propagate stable cracks at the interface. The associated instrumentation by visible light camera allowed for the analysis of the tests thanks to digital image correlation. It is reported that kinematic field measurements are perturbed by heat haze eects, which were mitigated via spatiotemporal regularization. The measured displacement fields were then utilized for crack tip position identication and interface fracture energy quantification. The results are compared to those observed at room temperature

    Falcon 20 bizjet aerodynamic modelling

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    International audienceThis study aims at describing an original numerical process that lead to a highly spatially resolved definition of FA20 wake flow using high fidelity RANS 3D simulation. Several simulations are performed coupled with a mesh adaptation process. The aerodynamics is validated by analysis of circulation, vortex evolutions and dilution. For the most refined mesh, the circulation is conserved with distance behind the aircraft, and the dilution follows the same trend as the one obtained by interpolation of experimental data. A strong interaction is observed between the jet and the tail vortex, which is an original inclusion for this aircraft configuration

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