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A Model for Dual Healthcare Market with Congestion Differentiation
No full textThe French market for specialist physician care has a dual legal structure: physicians must exclusively work in sector 1 and charge regulated fees or in sector 2, where they can freely set their fees. Patient out-of-pocket payments in sector 2 are partially covered by private insurance. The primary differentiating factor between both sectors is the number of patients per specialist, which in turn directly affects the overall quality of the service provided. We built an equilibrium model to analyse both specialists decisions about which sector to work in, and patients choice of physician and therefore sector. More specifically, the model allowed us to study the effect of changes in prices and economy-wide patient-to-specialist ratios on profits and patients utility associated with the services provided in each sector
Gig Workers During the COVID-19 Crisis in France: Financial Precarity and Mental Well-Being
No full textWe set out to explore how precarious workers, particularly those employed in the gig economy, balance financial uncertainty, health risks, and mental well-being. We surveyed and interviewed precarious workers in France during the COVID-19 crisis, in March and April 2020. We oversampled gig economy workers, in particular in driving and food delivery occupations (hereafter drivers and bikers), residing in metropolitan areas. These workers cannot rely on stable incomes and are excluded from the labor protections offered to employees, features which have been exacerbated by the crisis. We analyzed outcomes for precarious workers during the mandatory lockdown in France as an extreme case to better understand how financial precarity relates to health risks and mental well-being. Our analysis revealed that three weeks into the lockdown, 56% of our overall sample had stopped working and respondents had experienced a 28% income drop on average. Gig economy drivers reported a significant 20 percentage point larger income decrease than other workers in our sample. Bikers were significantly more likely to have continued working outside the home during the lockdown. Yet our quantitative analysis also revealed that stress and anxiety levels were not higher for these groups, and that bikers in fact reported significantly lower stress levels during the lockdown. While this positive association between being a biker and mental health may be interpreted in different ways, our qualitative data led to a nuanced understanding of the effect of gig work on mental well-being in this population group
Psoriasis: frequency and reasons for absenteeism results from a study on 1609 active patients
No full textInternational audienc
Modes de coordination et performance des relations client-fournisseur: l'effet modérateur des risques collaboratifs
No full textInternational audienceThis article contributes tests the impact of formal and informal modes of coordination on the performance of inter-organizational collaborations by analyzing the moderating effect of collaborative risks related to the extent of collaboration and dependence. The empirical study of 158 client-supplier relationships in the French automotive industry shows that collaborative structures and control practices as formal modes of coordination, and trust as an informal mode are positively associated with performance. The moderating effect of collaboration scope is significant whereas dependence has a significant effect only when firms implement dedicated collaborative structures.Cet article teste l’impact des modes de coordination formels et informels sur la performance des collaborations inter-organisationnelles en analysant l’effet modérateur des risques collaboratifs (étendue de la collaboration et dépendance). L’étude empirique sur 158 relations client-fournisseur dans l’industrie automobile française montre que les structures collaboratives et les pratiques de contrôle comme modes formels de coordination et la confiance comme mode informel sont positivement associés à la performance. L’effet modérateur de l’étendue de la collaboration sur la performance est significatif alors la dépendance n’a d’effet significatif que lorsque l’entreprise met en place en place des structures collaboratives
Vers une régulation concurrentielle des plateformes
No full textL’économie a été bouleversée depuis une vingtaine d’années par l’émergence de nouveaux acteurs dont l’activité est essentiellement numérique. Ces acteurs ont non seulement créé de nouveaux services mais également pris la place d’anciens acteurs dans le monde physique pour proposer des services concurrents. Il y a deux raisons qui empêchent de comparer cette émergence à l’entrée classique de nouveaux acteurs sur un marché. Tout d’abord, cette entrée s’est faite avec destechnologies très différentes. Les magasins physiques ont disparu au profit de sites web spécialisés. Les nouvelles technologies de l’information fondées sur la digitalisation ont exacerbé le rôle de l’innovation dans la concurrence et l’importance des effets de réseau au niveau des offres et des demandes. Par ailleurs, le mode opératoire de la distribution a été transformée. Alors que l’organisation traditionnelle de nombreuses industries consistaient en un mode de distributionvertical, des intermédiaires achetant et revendant les biens, l’organisation dans l’économie numérique est caractérisée pour une large part par le modèle d’agence dans lequel des plateformes intermédient les relations entre acheteurs et vendeurs sans posséder les biens échangé
Lost in translation? Transferring creativity insights from arts into management
No full textInternational audienceSince the early 2000s the business sector has, as a matter of both professional and academic concern, repeatedly advocated the transfer of artistic practices, especially those deemed exemplary forms of creativity, to a management world grappling with new challenges – a claim we here call the ‘transferability thesis’ in order to consider the responses made to what Boltanski and Chiapello define as an artistic critique of capitalism. Drawing on the wide range of relevant academic literature, this article critically examines the plausibility of the ‘thesis’. To this end, we review analytical literature advocating artistic transfers alongside empirical work that examines art interventions within organizations. Both are important components of a broader organizational aesthetics approach even though, we contend, neither strands of research provide a plausible argument for meaningful transferability. We then draw on arts-based literature, management theory and psychology to compare notions of creativity at both ends of the proposed transferral process. We highlight convergence and variance in art and business thinking, noting fundamental mismatches with regard to utility, rationalization and heteronomy – three levels of incompatibility that make a genuine transplantation of art ideas highly unlikely. Finally, we discuss our critical contribution in relation to the specious status of the ‘thesis’ and the centrality of Boltanski and Chiapello’s triadic model of capitalism to our investigation. By way of a conclusion, we suggest that further research is needed to examine the symbolic nature of appeals to artistic creativity by management