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Quand l’humain devient "capital" : les conditions de la paix économique
No full text"There is no alternative". Ce fameux leitmotiv de la pensée néolibérale pourrait bien être aujourd’hui retraduit par : il n’y a pas de moyen d’échapper au "capital". Capital financier, économique, social, naturel et enfin capital humain… Tout peut désormais se capitaliser, s’optimiser et croître. À l’aune d’un nouveau regard sur les apports des entreprises à la cité à travers l’idée de paix économique, portons notre attention sur un capital bien particulier, qui au-delà des intentions, nous éloigne de l’humain
Mon appli santé, bientôt remboursée par la Sécu ?
No full textInternational audienceCes dernières années, on assiste à une explosion, à travers le monde, de nouvelles applications mobiles destinées à la santé. " Avis favorable " : c'est la conclusion donnée par la Haute Autorité de la Santé pour le remboursement par la Sécurité Sociale de l'application Diabeo, destinée à l'accompagnement thérapeutique de patients diabétiques
Is there a first mover advantage in science? Pioneering behavior and scientific production in nanotechnology
No full textInternational audienceThis article investigates whether pioneers in a research field have a sustainable first mover advantage in publications. Combining bibliometric (publications, citations, co-authorship) with survey data on 495 nanotechnology researchers, we analyzed career attributes, professional context and production overtime. Our econometric estimates highlight two main results. First, pioneering behavior is not exogenous: it is more probable among scientists who are already established in their " mother-discipline " (before entering nanotechnology), have a strong collaboration network, and have easy access to field-specific resources. Second, even after controlling for the endogeneity of entry timing, we find a strong first mover advantage: pioneers in the emerging field exhibit significantly higher scientific production in that field in the long run
Keeping a dream alive: Multimodal study of the construction sector’s industrialization 1945-1970
No full textInternational audienceRational myths provide idealized cultural accounts that specify the appropriate means that organizations should adopt to rationally pursue socially valuable ends. Being taken for granted, rational myths eschew demonstrations that they actually hold true. Our empirical study uses visual and verbal data to examine how proponents of the rational myth of industrialization introduced and sustained this myth within the French construction industry after WWII. We identify three consecutive steps through which proponents introduced and sustained this rational myth, and specify the powerful suggestive role of visual representations. At the beginning of the process, the equivocal interpretation of visuals allows early associations between means and ends that precede verbal couplings. In the last phase, visual representation reinforces the couplings between means and substantive ends, enabling the myth of industrialization to draw on both formal rationality and substantive rationality, and transcending any potential incompatibility between them. We theorize the complementarities of the verbal mode and the visual mode in the process of introducing and sustaining a rational myth within a field
Mats Alvesson – Dénaturalisation et émancipation comme projet scientifique en management
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Au-delà de ce qu’il fait, ce qu’il est : comment le profil sociodémographique du dirigeant affecte-t-il l’orientation marché d’une entreprise ? Le cas des PME sénégalaises
No full textInternational audiencePourquoi certains dirigeants vont-ils davantage que d’autres influencer le degré d’orientation marché de leur entreprise ? Conformément à la théorie des échelons supérieurs, le niveau d’orientation marché d’une entreprise devrait dépendre du profil sociodémographique du dirigeant. Cet article aborde deux questions : (1) quelles sont les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des dirigeants qui influencent le niveau d’orientation marché de leur entreprise et quel est leur poids respectif, et (2) comment ces caractéristiques exercent-elles leurs effets ? A partir d’un échantillon de 188 dirigeants de PME sénégalaises, nous établissons que l’âge et l’expérience du dirigeant dans l’activité influencent le degré d’orientation marché d’une entreprise, et que ces effets sont médiatisés par le niveau de coordination interfonctionnelle de cette entreprise
Iron discipline to be creative: the role of the culinary schools in France
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From conformity to reactance: Contingent role of network centrality in consumer-to-consumer influence
No full textInternational audienceCentral consumers in a group often are influential, because their social prominence commands conformity from other members. Yet, there can be another contradictory effect of centrality, such that other members regard it as a threat to their attitudinal freedom and express reactance instead of conformity. Whether a group member conforms or reacts to the evaluation of a more central member might depend on the strength of their relationship, which determines the social cost of disagreeing. We provide evidence of such an interaction between centrality and relational strength with an experiment where participants with preexisting affective ties of varying strengths taste a snack in groups (Study 1) and a field study where participants connected by instrumental ties consume a complex service (Study 2). A scenario-based experiment manipulating centrality and strength of ties provides further evidence that reactance underlies the observed effects (Study 3)
Perspectives on the role of business in social innovation
No full textInternational audiencePurpose This article examines the conceptual construct of social innovation in business as distinct from social innovation implemented by civil society and the state. The general absence of sustained research and analysis of this phenomenon, and the dominance of grey and policy-oriented literature, mean that a broadly accepted definition of how social innovation theorises the changing role of business in society is missing. Design/methodology/approach We conducted an integrative review of the representative literature on social innovation. The analysis focused on the key arguments made about the involvement of business actors in processes of social innovation and interweaved in this study to build a logically coherent definition of what social innovation in business means for the bulk of those who write and speak about it today. The scope of the literature review was expanded by integrating insights from the extant 'business in society' and social innovation literatures, thereby adding clarity to our conceptualisation. Findings The findings indicate that social innovation is best understood as a process driven by human relations, morality and creative capacity breaking routines and path dependencies. It fundamentally relies on the socially constructed dynamics between business and social actors who carry ideas, focus their energies, mobilise competences and create new complementarities to tackle social problems. Economic gain, in this approach, is at best an outcome of social innovation, not its engine