Portail d'archives ouvertes de Grenoble École de Management
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The Strengths Use Scale: Psychometric Properties, Longitudinal Invariance and Criterion Validity
No full textInternational audienceStrengths use is an essential personal resource to consider when designing higher-educational programs and interventions. Strengths use is associated with positive outcomes for both the student (e.g., study engagement) and the university (e.g., academic throughput/performance). The Strengths Use Scale (SUS) has become a popular psychometric instrument to measure strengths use in educational settings, yet its use has been subjected to limited psychometric scrutiny outside of the U.S. Further, its longitudinal stability has not yet been established. Given the wide use of this instrument, the goals of this study were to investigate (a) longitudinal factorial validity and the internal consistency of the scale, (b) its equivalence over time, and (c) criterion validity through its relationship with study engagement over time. Data were gathered at two-time points, 3 months apart, from a sample of students in the Netherlands ( n = 360). Longitudinal confirmatory factor analyses showed support for a two-factor model for overall strengths use, comprised of Affinity for Strengths and Strengths Use Behaviors . The SUS demonstrated high levels of internal consistency at both the lower- and upper bound limits at both time points. Further, strict longitudinal measurement invariance was established, which confirmed the instrument's temporal stability. Finally, criterion validity was established through relating strengths use to study engagement at different time stamps. These findings support the use of the SUS in practice to measure strengths use and to track the effectiveness of strengths use interventions within the higher education sector
La composition du conseil d’administration influence-t-elle la divulgation d’informations RSE ? Quelques évidences issues de l’analyse dynamique de panel
No full textInternational audienceGiven the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate governance, this study examines the association between board composition and CSR disclosure on a sample of S&P 500 firms over the period from 2004 to 2015. Unlike existing studies, we control for potential sources of endogeneity using a system-generalized method of moments (system GMM) estimator. In doing so, we find no evidence that board size, board independence or CEO duality has any significant influence on CSR disclosure. Rather, our results suggest that, when the problem of endogeneity is correctly taken into account, the link between board composition and CSR disclosure is neutral.Dada la importancia de la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) y el gobierno corporativo, este estudio examina la asociación entre la composición de la junta directiva y la divulgación de la RSC en una muestra de empresas pertenecientes al S&P 500 durante el período de 2004 a 2015. A diferencia de los estudios existentes, controlamos las posibles fuentes de uso de endogeneidad de un estimador con el método de momentos generalizado por sistema (sistema GMM). Al hacerlo, no encontramos evidencia de que el tamaño de la junta directiva, su independencia o la dualidad del CEO tengan una influencia significativa en la divulgación de la RSC. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, cuando el problema de la endogeneidad se tiene en cuenta correctamente, el vínculo entre la composición de la junta directiva y la divulgación de la RSC es neutral.Compte tenu de l’importance de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE) et de la gouvernance des entreprises, cette étude examine l’association entre la composition du conseil d’administration et la divulgation d’informations RSE sur un échantillon d’entreprises composant l’indice S&P 500 au cours de la période 2004 à 2015. Contrairement aux études existantes, nous contrôlons les potentielles sources d’endogénéité à l’aide d’un estimateur de la méthode des moments généralisée (système GMM). Ce faisant, nous ne trouvons aucune preuve que la taille du conseil, son indépendance ou la dualité des fonctions de PDG ont une influence significative sur la divulgation d’information en matière de RSE. Nos résultats suggèrent plutôt que, lorsque le problème d’endogénéité est correctement pris en compte, le lien entre la composition du conseil d’administration et la divulgation d’information RSE est neutre
La métropole Grenobloise dans la presse.: Forces et faiblesses du territoire perçues à travers des images clichées
No full texthttps://m.grand-a.aurg.org/metropoles-emergences/images-clichesPour comprendre la résilience de la métropole grenobloise, nous proposons une étude historique des forces et faiblesses perçues du territoire. Nous analysons les articles issus de grands médias nationaux pour donner à voir les images clichées associées à Grenoble véhiculées dans la presse
Vers un encadrement généralisé des filtres de beauté sur les réseaux sociaux ? The Conversation
No full texthttps://theconversation.com/vers-un-encadrement-generalise-des-filtres-de-beaute-sur-les-reseaux-sociaux-15551
Everybody's looking for something: Developmental networks as subjective career relationships
No full textInternational audienc
Des « spectres » et des « fantômes » : les identifications transitionnelle et contradictoire à l’esprit du fondateur
No full textInternational audienceIn what way does a leader influence an organisation when traces of her/his presence remain after their departure? Our paper explores the persistent influence of the spirit of the absent founder on employee identification through the metaphors of the “spectre” and the “ghost”. From a single case study, we show that, after a first phase of identity construction and identification of members with the organizational identity established by the founder, his departure leads to changes still influenced by the persistence of the symbolic imprint of his spirit. In a second phase, this influence takes the form of a spectre that remains a malleable reference point and leads to a transitional identification, characterised by the shift between two organisational identities: from the declining old one to the burgeoning new. In a third phase, this conversion is threatened by the symbolic return of the founder, as an imposing ghost, with the announcement of a new company strategy based on the original identity forged by the founder. This return will lead to a process of contradictory identification among employees now divided between two organisational identities. Our article contributes to the understanding of the persistence of a founder’s influence by suggesting the existence of two different types of spirit with distinct organisational impacts: the spectre and the ghost. Further, we add to the identity literature by proposing the concepts of transitional and contradictory identification to describe the development of parallel processes of disidentification and identification. Finally, we contribute to research on organisational founders by showing that the return of their ghost may have a negative impact on organisations when employees wish to disengage from the past and engage with new alternative identities.Quelle est l’influence du leader sur l’organisation où, malgré son départ, le leader laisse toujours des traces de sa présence? Notre article explore l’influence persistante de l’esprit du fondateur absent sur l’identification des employés à travers les métaphores du « spectre » et du « fantôme ». À partir d’une étude de cas unique, nous montrons que, après une période de construction identitaire et d’identification des membres à l’identité organisationnelle établie par le fondateur, son départ entraîne des changements toujours influencés par la persistance de l’empreinte symbolique de son esprit. Dans une deuxième phase, cette influence prend la forme d’un spectre qui demeure un référentiel malléable et entraîne une identification transitionnelle, caractérisée par le passage entre deux identités organisationnelles, une en disparition et l’autre en construction. Dans une troisième phase, cette conversion est menacée par le retour symbolique du fondateur, en tant que fantôme imposant, à travers l’annonce de la nouvelle stratégie de la compagnie basée sur l’identité originale. Ce retour entraînera un processus d’identification contradictoire parmi les employés désormais divisés entre deux identités organisationnelles. Notre article contribue à la compréhension de la persistance de l’influence du fondateur à travers la proposition de différents types d’esprits : le spectre et le fantôme. Ensuite, nous proposons les concepts d’identification transitionnelle et d’identification contradictoire pour décrire la construction des processus parallèles de désidentification et d’identification. Finalement, nous montrons que le retour du fantôme du fondateur peut avoir des effets négatifs sur les employés qui veulent s’affranchir du passé et se connecter à des alternatives identitaires
How Communications that Portray Unhealthy Food Consumption Reduce Food Intake Among Dieters
No full textInternational audienceBoth regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations seek to understand how different tactics and appeals contained in food and public health advertisements might influence the food intake of an increasingly dieting-concerned population. This article addresses this important issue by examining how consumers who are concerned with their diets react to rich images of unhealthy food consumption. Results of two experiments show that exposure to food advertisements containing unhealthy food consumption imagery reduces food intake among consumers chronically concerned with dieting, whereas a third experiment shows a similar decrease in intended consumption when a public health advertisement portrays the consumption of unhealthy food. These findings in turn offer guidelines for maximizing the effectiveness of messages that attempt to promote healthy eating habits. Additionally, this research provides theoretical contributions to the self-control and mental imagery research domains which have public policy implications for regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations.<br/
Convivial innovation in sustainable communities: Four cases in France
No full textInternational audienc
Coping in isolation: Predictors of individual and household risks and resilience against the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textInternational audienceThe present short commentary aimed at highlighting the potential impact of lockdown specifically on parents and children's mental health. Embedded within a systemic view, it identified protective factors that may account for individual and household resilience. In the first section of this manuscript, we present the core concepts of resilience, before we highlight the adverse risks of the current COVID-19 situation on parents' and children's mental health. We provide evidence that parents and children alike might be concerned by increased risks of chronic diseases, abuse, and violence. Complementarily, we report the importance of psychological needs and competences and propose ways to promote these competencies among households. Overall, this paper emphasises that psychosocial competences such as creativity, emotion regulation, or interpersonal skills may constitute important characteristics to help parents and children alike coping and even thriving in the current worldwide adversity of the COVID-19 pandemic
The Organization of Short-Sightedness : The Implications of Remaining in Conflict Zones. The Case of Lafarge during Syria’s Civil War
No full textInternational audienceThis article analyzes the operations of the French group Lafarge in Syria during the civil war between 2011 and 2014, to understand the conflict-sensitive practices of a multinational company (MNC) in an area of limited statehood (ALS). We examine how and why the company decided to continue operating its plant in Syria during this intrastate conflict, resulting in financing terrorist groups like ISIS. We highlight the key operational and managerial decisions made by headquarters and local operations and relate them to the conflict situation in the ALS in question. We contribute, with the idea of the firm’s “organization of short-sightedness,” to the understanding of how strategic decisions may lead to a structural inability to fully comprehend the local dangers and the implications for the employees, and how this may lead to a redefinition of legitimate and illegitimate stakeholders in conflict zones. A drawn-out process, stemming from a willingness to stay at all cost in an ALS environment, leads to misinterpretation of the danger and an acute dependency on local stakeholders.<br/