Polish Communication Association Journals
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Media Capture in the Post-Truth Era: media freedom is a function of the quality of democracy: Interview with Professor Alina Mungui-Pippidi
No full textCan Social Media Expand Public Discourse in a ‘Captured’ Mediascape? The Case of Greece
No full textThe Greek public sphere has historically been regarded by scholars as not having developed as robustly as in the West. Instead, it is dominated by patronage, clientelism, and an ‘iron triangle’ between the government, media, and influential oligarchs, shutting ordinary citizens and independent media out of public discourse. Amid the economic crisis of the 2010s and along with an institutional credibility crisis, many new political and media-related initiatives were launched, all heavily relying on and utilizing social media. To what extent did they demonstrate longevity and help expand the Greek public sphere? Based on interviews from two case studies of the Independent Greeks political party and the enikos.gr news portal-blog, the results show the initiatives were ephemeral or were ‘captured’ by incumbent institutions. Accordingly, the institutional credibility crisis in Greece persists. The results contribute to an understanding of how ‘alternative,’ non-traditional and crisis-related media and political initiatives can become subject to the same forces of capture as traditional institutions
Futures of algorithms and choices: Structuration of algorithmic imaginaries and digital platforms in Europe
No full textThe increasing impact of algorithmically driven processes on human societies, which can exacerbate political, economic, and cultural asymmetries, raises questions about reducing human agency by constraining platform structures. We draw on the theoretical concept of algorithmic imaginary, which captures users’ appropriations and ideas of these processes. In this paper, we focus on the dynamics between agency and structure in algorithmic imaginaries regarding the future of digital media platforms in Europe. The paper takes structuration theory as a theoretical starting point and employs methods of futures studies to analyze how the future is constructed in scenarios developed by a diversity of experts participating in a series of workshops. The future scenarios analysis is mapped around four actors, namely platform users, platform corporations, algorithms and institutions. By considering the role of various actors, particularly institutions, and their interdependencies this paper contributes to more balanced conceptualizations of algorithmic imaginaries, which tend to be centered around users’ perspectives
Media Capture and Transitional Settings: Towards Theoretical and Empirical Developments
No full textIntroduction to the special issue of "Central European Journal of Communication" on captured media
Three publications competing for the Media and Democracy Karol Jakubowicz Award 2024
No full textPublications by scholars from Europe which are nominated for 2024 Edition of the Media and Democracy Karol Jakubowicz Award
Seksualizacja w mediach na przykładzie wybranych odsłon programu „Magia Nagości”
No full textThe emergence of artificial intelligence and new media, as well as technological changes, have prompted many changes in the media defined as traditional. Television producers are constantly looking for new forms in order to keep up with modern audiences and their demands. Some of these are very controversial and have to do with moral or ethical questions. A programme that has been described by Angela Smith as “the last taboo in mainstream television” is the show “Naked Attraction”. Its participants select a date partner from among naked people. The aim of the study, which involved qualitative and quantitative content analysis, was to examine how nudity is portrayed and described in selected editions of the show. The episodes of the show broadcast in different countries – Poland, the UK, Finland and Denmark – were examined and compared. The aim was to find out what characterises the show’s participants, how they and the hosts express themselves about sex and nudity, and what the participants’ (stated) attitudes are towards taking part in the programme.Przemiany technologiczne, w tym pojawianie się sztucznej inteligencji, jak też nowych mediów, stało się przyczynkiem do wielu zmian w mediach określanych jako tradycyjne. Chcąc nadążyć za współczesnym widzem oraz jego wymaganiami, producenci telewizyjni nieustannie poszukują nowych form przekazu. Niektóre z nich wzbudzają duże kontrowersje, związane z kwestiami etycznymi lub moralnymi. Programem, który przez Angelę Smith został określony jako „ostatnie tabu w telewizji głównego nurtu”, jest show Magia nagości (ang. “Naked Attraction”). Jego uczestnicy wybierają partnera na randkę spośród nagich osób. Celem badania, podczas którego przeprowadzono jakościową i ilościową analizę treści, było sprawdzenie, w jaki sposób w wybranych edycjach show ukazywana i opisywana jest nagość. Zbadano oraz porównano odcinki programu emitowane w różnych krajach: Polsce, Wielkiej Brytanii, Finlandii oraz Danii. Ustalono, co charakteryzuje uczestników programu, w jaki sposób oni i prowadzące show wypowiadają się na temat seksu oraz nagości, a także jaki jest (deklarowany) stosunek uczestników do udziału w programie
The Legislation for Video‑Sharing Platforms on the European Audiovisual Market: The Polish Transposition of Audio‑Visual Media Services Directive
No full textThe progressing convergence of television and Internet services has caused a dynamic development of the audiovisual market. The decision to regulate the subject matter of video-sharing platforms (VSPs) in the amended Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD) was dictated by recognition that such platforms compete for the same viewers and incomes as other audiovisual media services. Coordination of legislation on the European level led to the necessity to introduce amendments to Polish law. The main purpose of this article is to present selected provisions of AVMSD and Poland’s Broadcasting Act concerning VSPs as an area of media policy, which previously had fallen outside the scope of institutional intervention and regulatory restrictions relating to the traditional media market. The central question that author attempted to resolve was whether measures used in relation to VSP providers are legitimate, necessary and proportional. The study explains the definition of video delivery services which is fundamental from the point of view of imposing some obligations on these types of services
Media Capture and Perspectives for Media Development in a Fragile Media System: Debating Journalistic Roles in Guinea‑Bissau
No full textGuinea‑Bissau’s media have negotiated their roles and freedoms within the postcolonial national construct since its official independence from Portugal in 1974. While the current media landscape is relatively pluralistic, journalists experience constraints from various sides: political pressures, unaccommodating regulations, lack of resources. The concept of media capture (Mungiu‑Pippidi & Ghinea, 2012; Mabweazara et al., 2020; Schiffrin, 2021) allows the analysis of complex, subtle and structural constraints limiting media’s ability to fulfil their roles. This paper traces the phenomenon on the macro level (context), meso level (organizations) and micro level (journalists) in Guinea‑Bissau to interrogate how the concept plays out in a context shaped by fragility. The article draws on a literature review, official documents and semi‑structured interviews. Following Dugmore’s (2022) idea of precarity as an endogenous condition in many Sub‑Saharan contexts, this paper argues that capture is engrained in a fragile system rather than being an exception or disruption. This has implications for international media development action, which can be hindered by or become a part of the capture
Katarzyna Konarska (2021). Media publiczne a demokracja: teoria i praktyka. Media publiczne Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej [Public media and democracy: theory and practice. Public media in Central and Eastern Europe]: Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 524 PP., ISBN: 978-83-229-3764-8
No full textGrupa dyskusyjna na komunikatorze Facebook Messenger jako przestrzeń organizacji pomocy dla uchodźców z Ukrainy – obserwacja uczestnicząca ukryta
No full textThis article tries to fill the gap in the literature on the use of Facebook Messenger as a space for organizing help in the event of an international crisis - which is the war in Ukraine. The aim of the study is to answer the question whether Messenger was an effective tool for organizing the work of a group of spontaneously gathered volunteers in the initial phase of this crisis. To find the answer, the method of covert participant observation, categorization of chat content and a quantitative method were used to determine the number of group members and their activity. It turned out that Facebook Messenger allows you to support the organization of the group and coordinate its tasks, but it generates limitations listed in the text of the article and is not a tool that satisfies all communication needs.Niniejszy artykuł stara się uzupełnić lukę w literaturze dotyczącej wykorzystania komunikatora Facebook Messenger jako przestrzeni organizowania pomocy w przypadku kryzysu o zasięgu międzynarodowym – jakim jest wojna w Ukrainie. Celem badania jest odpowiedź na pytanie: czy Messenger był efektywnym narzędziem do organizacji pracy grupy spontanicznie zebranych wolontariuszy w początkowej fazie tego kryzysu. Aby znaleźć odpowiedź posłużono się metodą ukrytej obserwacji uczestniczącej, kategoryzacji treści czatu oraz metody ilościowej, za pomocą której określono liczbę członków grupy i ich aktywność. Okazało się, że Facebook Messenger pozwala na wspieranie organizacji grupy i koordynację jej zadań, jednak generuje ograniczenia, wyszczególnione w tekście artykułu i nie jest narzędziem zaspokajającym wszystkie potrzeby komunikacyjne