Journal of Next-Generation Research 5.0
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Convergence of the Finite Volume Method for scalar conservation laws with multiplicative noise: an approach by kinetic formulation
No full textManuscrit Auteur AcceptéInternational audienceWe prove the convergence of the explicit-in-time Finite Volume method with monotone fluxes for the approximation of scalar first-order conservation laws with multiplicative, compactly supported noise
The e-lang Project: Towards a socio-interactional approach for language teaching and learning
No full textInternational audienc
Legitimacy of the scientific expertise and its media coverage in an island context: analysis of media corpus on the theme of shark risk in La Reunion
No full textInternational audienceSince 2011, fatal shark attacks occurred in Reunion Island and led to the "shark crisis", raising up different issues for humanities and social sciences. One of them consists in the links between science and society and particularly the issue related to the legitimacy of the scientific expertise evolving in a context of institutional crisis. From the communication sciences point of view, the evolution of the experts' legitimacy has never been analysed in the local media discourses. We built a corpus of 1600 articles from the local media LINFO.RE about the theme of shark risk, from 2011 to 2017. We studied this corpus qualitatively through an analysis grid made from argumentation and controversy theories. In addition, we led a quantative analysis in order to establish the frequency of appearance of discourses about science in relation to the total number of publications about the shark risk. An evolution of the legitimacy of scientific experts has been demonstrated with different turning points of qualifications / disqualifications according to the dynamics of the social context, the actors involved, and their arguments. The number of articles written about the shark risk showed peaks of publications in often following shark attack events. The frequency of appearance of discourses about science showed a variation in the media coverage according to the arrival of new disqualifying arguments, the publication of expertise reports, or a shark attack occurrence. Our study explores how the scientific discourses circulate in the social field and how they can be transformed and reappropriated by the different actors involved in a socio-scientific controversy. The case of media coverage of "shark crisis" in Reunion Island allows us to discuss the dynamics of the scientific expe
The ongoing energy transition: A comparative analysis of SIDS and European ultraperipheral islands
No full textInternational audienceThe vulnerability of island spaces has been recognized since the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. Global energy pressure and the depletion of resources exacerbate their vulnerability. These territories are supposed to be real laboratories to experiment energy planning strategies, then allowed to help the international community. Nevertheless, the great diversity of island situations makes their case particular and difficult to treat. Some island territories are autonomous, the Small Island Developing States, while others depend on developed metropolitan states. Is there a difference between these two types of territories to succeed energy transition? We adopt electricity generation as a metric for sustainable transition quality. This paper contributes to the understanding of ongoing dynamic through a multidimensional analysis of data allowing to classify these territories: SIDS and outermost regions of the European Union. The combination of Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Classification will provide island profiles that will highlight differences between outermost regions and SIDS. Are the outermost regions of the European Union more advanced in the energy transition? In addition to the classification, a ranking will be proposed through the implementation of an energy vulnerability indicator. The classification and ranking will make it possible to draw typical portraits. These will identify the elements of resilience and the elements of vulnerabilities. This analysis, therefore, highlights the strengths and weaknesses will help to guide the energy policies of these territories. The comparison of these two types of territories has not been made so far. This work would highlight the situation of SIDS face island developed territories: outermost regions of the European Union
Multi-ethnic America, Race and Gender in <i>If Beale Street Could Talk</i> by James Baldwin
No full textDespite the end of racial segregation, the United States of America are still a divided country at the end of the seventies and the condition of African Americans is worsened rather than improved. The seventies represent a dark period of the history of New York (Harlem) and America. James Baldwin’s novel If Beale Street Could Talk published in 1974 portrays through a love story between Clementine et Fonny, different characters who are victims of racial and sexual stereotypes and are set in a milieu where there is no hope for them. Baldwin denounces the condition of African American men and women. The intersection of the notions of race, gender, class and sexuality is at the core of our analysis on the novel. Baldwin shows how racial and sexual stereotypes divide America but also affect the construction of identity. Our dissertation deals with the fictional representation of multiracial America. How does James Baldwin construct his narrative and “Afro-Americanize” the novel in order to deconstruct these stereotypes and reconsider America as a “true” democracy? Our reflection will be divided into three parts in order to answer these questions: firstly, we shall analyze Baldwin’s vision and message about African American family and the different gender relations within, then we will analyze his critical vision on American society, and finally, we shall examine how James Baldwin links the themes of prison, violence, and sexuality to power relation based on racial identity.Malgré l’abolition de la ségrégation raciale, les États-Unis d’Amérique demeurent un pays encore « divisé » à la fin des années soixante-dix et la condition des Afro-Américains empire plus qu’elle ne s’améliore. Les années soixante-dix représentent une période sombre de l’histoire de New York (Harlem) et de l’Amérique. Le roman de James Baldwin, If Beale Street Could Talk, publié en 1974, dépeint à travers une histoire d’amour entre Clémentine et Fonny, différents personnages victimes de stéréotypes racistes et sexistes et qui évoluent dans un milieu où il n’y a aucune place pour l’espoir. Baldwin dénonce la condition des Afro-Américain(e)s. L’intersection des notions de « race », de genre, de classe et de sexualité est au centre de notre analyse sur le roman. Baldwin montre comment les stéréotypes de « race » et de genre divisent le peuple américain mais aussi comment ils affectent la construction identitaire. Notre mémoire porte ainsi sur la représentation fictionnelle de l’Amérique pluriethnique. Comment James Baldwin construit-il son récit et « afro-américanise » le roman pour déconstruire ces stéréotypes et envisager l’Amérique en tant que « vraie » démocratie ? Pour répondre à ces questions, notre réflexion s’articulera en trois parties. Tout d’abord, nous analyserons le point de vue de James Baldwin sur la famille afro-américaine et les relations de genre en son sein, puis nous analyserons le regard critique que James Baldwin porte sur la société Américaine et pour finir, nous examinerons comment l’auteur relie les thèmes de la prison, de la violence et de la sexualité à relation de pouvoir fondée sur l’identité raciale
Data Science Postgraduate Education at University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania: Current Demands and Opportunities
No full textPart 4: Sustainable ICT, Informatics, Education and Learning in a Turbulent World - “Doing the Safari Way”International audienceSeveral studies indicate that there are no enough people in the market with data science skills and even those graduates in ICT from universities do not possess skills required by employers. Thus, researchers have suggested the urgency for universities to review their curricular as the world is heading towards data era. The aim of this research was to analyze the current skill-gaps needs from stakeholders and opportunities to establish data science postgraduate programme that reflects the current technological trends and market demands at the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM). A questionnaire was administered to 85 identified organizations to solicit information on the needs for data scientists and existing skill gaps. A total of 61 filled questionnaires response were received out of the 85 that were administered to selected organizations indicating a turn out rate of over 70%. Overall the analyzed data articulated a compelling evidence for the local industry growing need for data scientist. The survey that was conducted was followed up by conduct of various workshops and meetings to solicit inputs from different experts and stakeholders on different versions of the developed curriculum. Finally, a new programme in MSc in data Science was approved and established from April 2018 at UDSM. Despite its late approval and without formal advertisement on the public media, the programme attracted a large number of applicants for 2018/19 academic year, compared to other several postgraduate programmes in ICT offered at UDSM
Chapitre 5 - The Relationship Between Man and His Environment: A Systemic Approach of the Viability of “System Earth”.
No full textInternational audienc
Investigation of the impact of PTMs on the protein backbone conformation
No full textInternational audiencePost-Translational Modifications (PTMs) are known to play a critical role in the regulation of the protein functions. Their impact on protein structures, and their link to disorder regions have already been spotted on the past decade. Nonetheless, the high diversity of PTMs types, and the multiple schemes of protein modifications (multiple PTMs, of different types, at different time, etc) make difficult the direct confrontation of PTM annotations and protein structures data.We so analyzed the impact of the residue modifications on the protein structures at local level. Thanks to a dedicated structure database, namely PTM-SD, a large screen of PTMs have been done and analyze at a local protein conformation levels using the structural alphabet Protein Blocks (PBs). We investigated the relation between PTMs and the backbone conformation of modified residues, of their local environment, and at the level of the complete protein structure. The two main PTM types (N-glycosylation and phosphorylation) have been studied in non-redundant datasets, and then, 4 different proteins were focused, covering 3 types of PTMs: N-glycosylation in renin endopeptidase and liver carboxylesterase, phosphorylation in cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and methylation in actin. We observed that PTMs could either stabilize or destabilize the backbone structure, at a local and global scale, and that these effects depend on the PTM types