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Research and Study of the Historical Transition and Essential Elements of the Bilateral Consultations between the Aeronautical Authorities of Japan and Other States
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Symposium, Panel Discussion （re-recording） Continuing to Question Recovery: The Endless Media Coverage of Disasters
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Report of 2021, Joint Researches under the Auspices of the Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nihon University: Developing Teaching Methods Using ICT: For Internationalization in Education at the College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
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Synoptic Analyses from the Global Viewpoint of Extreme Weather Systems in 2022
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to make a synoptic analysis of the extreme weather events in 2022 from the viewpoint of global climate systems back in November of the previous year. The main results were summarized as follows with a sche-matic diagram (Fig.31). As for volcanic eruptions, the submarine eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba overshot the tropo-sphere and spew ash into the stratosphere on 15 August 2021. Moreover, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, a submarine volcano erupted violently (VEI:6) on 15 January 2022 and sent an eruption plume to 58km. These volcanic eruption effects on climate are complex and significant.On 2 to 3 July hailstorms occurred in various parts of eastern Japan due to upper-level cold vortexes shifting southeastwards and lower-level warm and humid conditions. Almost simultaneously it also hailed in France and the United States and so forth, which partly resulted from blocking patterns in the Northern Hemisphere.From 25 June to 3 July 2022, nine extremely hot days (≧35℃) in a row were recorded in eastern Japan, because of the extension of both the Tibetan High and the North Pacific High over the Japanese Archipelago. On 13 July, localized heavy rain occurred near Hatoyama, Saitama Prefecture. Warm and humid air over the waters (SST: 29 to 31℃) flew from Nansei Islands (Ryukyu Island) via the Kuroshio meandering region into the Kanto district and in addition, cloud bands moving from the north led to eddy convergence, which was considered to be responsible for the extremely heavy precipitation. In July, on the roads crossing the Andes Mountains, many cars were stuck in heavy snowfalls from cold waves, because the Antarctic cold air mass penetrated into South America accompanied with cold fronts. On 19 July, The United Kingdom set all-time highest temperature of 40.3℃ at London Heathrow Airport. Underneath the big grip of both upper and surface high pressure systems, heatwave brought the hottest day on record in association with föhn wind of the Alps and the Pyrenees. Pakistan suffered the intense monsoon rain and flood damage from June through to early September. Unstable tropical air intruded into the southwestern part of Tibetan and Himalayan mountains, although this seldom occurs during the period of monsoon. A combination of various factors such as La Niña, negative PDO, negative IOD and heat source in the Pamir mountains was considered to result in a westward shift of monsoon activities. The com-parison of equivalent potential temperatures (θe) in the latitude-altitude cross sections along 70E in July 2022 (Fig.25) revealed that ITCZ was located at 32N (the northern limit of monsoon). It is worthy of mention that near-surface uncer-tainty was 80hPa (800gpm) thicker than the monthly 30-year climatological value of 730hPa. There is a possibility that this uncertainty partly resulted from an increase in water vapor in the atmosphere from the Tonga’s underwater volcanic eruption and its resultant greenhouse effect. As regards the Southern Hemisphere, strong Antarctic cold air mass formed and flew into the mid-latitudes. The values of θe were mostly lower than average, which was presumed to partly originate from (cooling) parasol effect and precipitation with an increase in the cloud nuclei condensation composed by sea salts and dusts. From the standpoint of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), it was the time when westerlies descended to the lowest stratosphere and the signals seemed to extend into the troposphere, which was presumed to have an effect on meandering westerlies; Ω blocking pattern.departmental bulletin pape
Comprehensive assessment of systemic arteriosclerosis in relation to the ocular resistive index in acute coronary syndrome patients
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Formation of low-voltage zones on the anterior left atrial wall due to mechanical compression by the ascending aorta
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