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グループ原簿/ファイル共有サービス(Grouper/NextCloud)～ 報告書 KIT in Vietnam 2018 の製作を通じて ～
Get PDFベトナムの日系企業や大学へのグローバルインターンシップの報告書の製作を通じた，京都工芸繊維大学情報科学センターで提供するグループ原簿サービスGrouperとファイル共有サービスNextCloudの利用事例を紹介します．京都工芸繊維大学情報科学センター広報,No.38,2020.1,pp.7-
野球選手における体幹筋の形態的特性
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（学術）これまで，体幹筋はスポーツ競技に必要であるという考えから，体幹筋についての関心が高まってきた．しかしながら，現場では各スポーツに必要な体幹筋の部位や左右非対称性については明らかにされずに体幹トレーニングが実施されていた．特異性の原理から考えると，スポーツパフォーマンスを向上させるためには競技動作に則した体幹トレーニングを実施することが必要である．とりわけ，野球競技は，打撃，投球ともに一側方向のみの回旋動作を反復して行っている．したがって，スポーツ選手の特異的筋肥大や左右非対称性といった形態的特性を検討する必要があると考えた．また，体幹筋の形態的特性を検討するには超音波装置を用いて筋厚を正確に計測する方法を確立した上で実施する必要があった． 筋肉の大きさを計測することは，スポーツにおける特徴を把握することや，トレーニングに伴う発達，障害の有無を研究するために重要な意味をもつ．従来，体幹筋の形態計測はMRIや，CTを用いる方法がゴールドスタンダードである．しかし，MRIやCTは静止した状態を保持する必要があるため，脊椎疾患を有するものや低学年の子ども，高齢者では計測が困難であり，計測時間が長いため，限られた人数しか計測できない．また，CTは放射線を用いるため，被曝のリスクもある．加えて両機器とも高額かつ装置が大きいため，被験者には装置のある場所まで出向く必要があり，様々な対象者を計測し，現場にて用いることは困難である．そこで本論文では，野球選手における体幹筋筋厚の計測実験に応用するために，はじめに一般者を対象として，体幹筋である腹直筋，外腹斜筋，内腹斜筋，腹横筋，多裂筋を，超音波装置を用いて正確に計測する方法を確立することを目的とした．次に，一般者を対象にした実験で確立した超音波測定法を，トレーニングにより筋肉が肥大しているスポーツ選手においても計測し，計測法の有用性について検討した．そして，野球選手を対象に体幹筋筋厚を計測し，野球選手における体幹筋の形態的特性を明らかにすることを目的とした． 得られた知見は，以下の通りであった．1. 超音波測定による体幹筋筋厚の信頼性 超音波を用いた腹直筋，外腹斜筋，内腹斜筋，腹横筋，多裂筋の筋厚測定における検査内信頼性は，ICCの検証においてそれぞれ>0.9であった．0.9以上はexcellentであり，体幹筋筋厚の超音波測定は信頼性のある測定方法であった(実験1) 2. 一般者における超音波を用いた体幹筋筋厚測定の妥当性と体幹筋筋断面積の関係 超音波にて計測した左右の各体幹筋筋厚はMRIにて計測した体幹筋筋厚の値と比較して有意な差は認められなかった．また，超音波を用いた体幹筋筋厚測定値とMRIを用いた体幹筋筋断面積の計測値は，全ての部位において有意な正の相関関係が認められた．これらのことから，超音波を用いて一般者の体幹筋を計測することの有効性が確認された(実験2)．3. スポーツ競技選手における超音波を用いた体幹筋筋厚測定の妥当性と体幹筋筋断面積の関係 スポーツ選手においても体幹筋筋厚の信頼性は高かった．また，超音波を用いて測定した体幹筋筋厚とMRIを用いて測定された体幹筋筋厚，筋断面積との間にも高い相関があることが明らかになった．しかし，多裂筋においては筋厚と筋断面積の相関係数が低く，個々によって筋肉の形状が異なる可能性が示唆された．これらのことからスポーツ選手の体幹筋を対象とした超音波測定の有効性が確認された(実験3)．4. 野球選手における体幹筋の形態的特性の検討 野球選手は一般者に比べて体幹筋が有意に肥大していた．さらに野球選手の体幹筋には，内腹斜筋，腹横筋において非打撃側が有意に大きい左右非対称性が生じていた．これは投球よりも打撃に依存した特異的形態変化が生じていることが明らかになった．この2筋の筋厚は一般者の筋厚の約1.5倍大きかった(実験4)．本博士論文ではスポーツ競技特有の体幹筋の形態的特性を明らかにするため，これまで解明されていなかった体幹筋の左右非対称性に着目し，超音波測定法を用いた検討を行った．超音波とMRIを用いた形態測定から，MRIの代用として，超音波を用いることが可能であることが示唆された．また本研究の結果から，一般者のみならず，筋肥大が生じているスポーツ選手にも用いることが可能であると考えられた．そして，確立した体幹筋の超音波測定法を野球選手に応用し，一般者との筋厚の比較，左右非対称性について検討した．その結果，野球選手は打撃への適用として非打撃測の内腹斜筋，腹横筋の筋肥大，左右非対称性が生じていることが考えられた．以上のことから，超音波測定法は体幹筋の計測にも有用であることが示唆された．また，体幹筋は各スポーツ競技に適応するための形態的特性が生じている可能性が示唆された．本研究の結果は，臨床現場にて超音波測定法を用いるための有用な知見であり，また，競技パフォーマンスを向上するためのトレーニング処方の一助に貢献できると考える
Study on Similarity Measure of Human Body Motion
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（工学）The study introduces non-model-based approaches for measuring the similarity of human body motions through measuring the dissimilarity of marker trajectories in human body motions. The proposed methods in the research are independent of the biological characteristics of the human body. In general terms, the human body motion generates three-dimensional (3D) curves representing the direction changes of marker trajectories. The first or original method is based on the dissimilarity measure for 3D curves. In detail, the dissimilarity of human body motions is estimated by applying the dissimilarity measure of the 3D curves for the dissimilarity of 3D curves representing the trajectories of markers and is implemented in five steps. Firstly, the motion speed is adjusted. Next, human postures in motion are normalized. Then, motion paths of markers are represented by direction sequences. After that, chain codes of direction sequences are obtained. Finally, the dissimilarity of human body movements is calculated based on the obtained chain codes. The roles of markers in motion are also taken into account. In addition, two options of the spatial quantization method for the human active space in a body motion based on the Space Harmony Theory is also mentioned. In order to reduce the conducted time of the original method, the extended method to calculate the dissimilarity of human body motions through sub-motions is also proposed. In the extended method, two options of the pause derivation method for a human body motion are introduced. Human body motions are split into sub-motions by using the pause waveforms obtaining from the pause derivation method. Because the sub-motions are considered as new motions, the dissimilarity of sub-motions can be calculated by using the original method. Both the original method and the extended method are experimentally evaluated by using the statistical test. Experimental results proved that both two methods are effective in the estimation of dissimilarity of the human body motions with the appropriate Split value. The result shows that the extended method improved the conducted time and can be used in real-time applications. Furthermore, the first option of the extended method is effective in enhancing the performing time. The proposed methods are proved effective in measuring the similarity of human body motions
Fabrication of collagen-based materials and analyses of the structure and properties
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（工学）This dissertation focuses on two types of collagen-based biomaterials: collagen film for sausage casing and collagen tube for tissue engineered scaffold. The structure and properties differences between natural casing and artificial collagen films were investigated. The thick collagen fibers interwove into a high-density network structure, giving natural casing the special mouthfeel of ‘cracking bite’. Whereas, layered structure filled with fine collagen fibrils and large gaps in collagen film resulted in poor mechanical properties and higher swelling ratio. Accordingly, glutaraldehyde (GTA) treatment and dehydrothermal (DHT) treatment were applied to improve the properties of collagen film. Due to the formation of crosslinking, collagen films with treatments showed higher mechanical properties and lower swelling ratio compared to the untreated collagen film. To improve the efficiency of DHT treatment, the relationship among the treatment conditions including temperature and time, crosslinking and denaturation was discussed. The degree of crosslinking increased with increasing treatment temperature and time, contributing to the continuous improvement of mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the denaturation of collagen was detected according to the changes of collagen high order structure. Increase of treatment temperature and time leaded to the increase of denaturation degree, resulting in the deterioration of mechanical properties at higher temperature or for longer time. Collagen tube with smooth and random continuous nanofibers was fabricated by adjusting the parameters of electrospinning. Then various post-treatments were applied to enhance the properties of collagen tube. Ammonia treatment can recovery the higher order structure of collagen partially but had no influence on preserving the morphology and improving mechanical properties of collagen tube in wet state. Crosslinking treatments including GTA treatment and DHT treatment can improve the mechanical properties of collagen tube. By comparison, GTA treatment had the higher efficiency to improve the properties and can preserve the morphology of collagen fibers in wet state
Polymeric Molecular Coatings for Oxidation Resistance Property of Metal Surfaces
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（工学）Polymeric molecular coatings of thiol-terminated polymers were investigated for prevention of formation of oxide layer on the surface. Effect of the molecular weight of polymeric coatings on oxidation resistance properties was also examined
開水路乱流中に置かれた角錐台の波状表面による抗力の低減
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（工学）本研究は，立体物表面に何らかの波状形状を施すことで立体物の抵抗を最も減らす方法を確立することを目的とする．上記目的を達成するため，比較的単純な形状である角錐台を用い，その表面に波状形状を施したものに関して全抗力測定，摩擦抗力測定，および角錐台の前面と後面の差圧測定を実施した．また，更なる解明のために，角錐台周辺の流れについて直接数値シミュレーションを実施した．実験結果より，波状表面にすることで平面の場合よりも全抵抗が減少した．全抗力，摩擦抗力，圧力抗力および循環流の存在時間割合の実験結果より，後面の循環流の存在が角錐台の圧力抗力と全抗力の支配因子であることがわかった．また，平均速度分布，変動速度強度分布およびレイノルズ応力のシミュレーション結果より，波状表面の場合に上面下流側と後面の角錐台高さ付近にて乱れ強さが高くなった．波状表面の場合に，上面の流れの変動が促進されることがわかった．この結果は，実験結果の抵抗低減メカニズムの結果と一致した
Function of lipid storage droplet-1 and 2 in development of Drosophila melanogaster
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（学術）Lipid droplets comprise neutral lipids that are enclosed by a monolayer of phospholipids. The surface of a lipid droplet is decorated with several types of proteins such as structural proteins, lipid-synthesis enzymes, lipases, and membrane-trafficking proteins. Notably, Drosophila and mammals share these lipid metabolism-related genes and basic metabolism function. Perilipins are known to be involved in regulating the accessibility of lipases; e.g., mammalian adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), by either recruiting these enzymes or preventing their access to lipid droplets. Perilipins regulate ATGL activation through the interaction with comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58), which is an ATGL coactivator. Also, the role of perilipin 1 locus was identified as obesity risk factors, and perilipin 2 participates in the pathogenesis of diet-induced insulin resistance. Drosophila encodes two perilipin family member, Lsd-1/perilipin-1 and Lsd-2/perilipin-2. LSD-1 indiscriminately labels lipid droplets of varying size whereas LSD-2 localizes to smaller lipid droplets. LSD-1 exclusively locates on lipid droplets while LSD-2 presents both in the cytoplasm and on lipid droplets. However, the roles of these genes in development remain unclear. This present study, we found that LSD-1 expresses not only in wing pouch but also detection in notum of wing imaginal disc. Specific knockdown of Lsd-1 by pannir-GAL4 driver in wing disc leads to split thorax phenotype, suggesting that an essential role of Lsd-1 in development of Drosophila thorax. This role of Lsd-1 is dependent on the activity of the Drosophila c-Jun N-terminal kinase, as overexpression of basket suppresses split thorax induced by Lsd-1 knockdown. Besides these events, depletion of Lsd-1 causes an enhancement apoptosis cell death in wing notum. Moreover, we also demonstrated that knockdown of Lsd-2 led to dramatic cell death and developmental defects in the wing blade. Also, Lsd-2 knockdown-induced apoptosis cell death was shown to be mediated by dFoxO. Taken together, these data indicate Lsd-1 and Lsd-2 have main role in Drosophila development
Mechanical and interfacial property of carbon plain woven reinforced PA6 laminates
Get PDF京都工芸繊維大学博士（学術）Applications of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials have increased significantly in aeronautic, aerospace, energy, and automobile industries, as well as in sports and civil engineering owing to their high specific strength and modulus, light weight, and good tailoring capability. Good interfacial adhesion is required for effective stress transfer between the fibers and matrix, which has a significant effect on the overall mechanical properties and reliability of the composites. This study investigates the mechanical and interfacial property of carbon plain woven reinforced PA6 laminates. The hot-compression technique was implemented to fabricate CF/PA6 plain-woven laminates with CF/PA6 pre-impregnated tapes.In Chapter 1, a general introduction, background and structure of this thesis are introduced as well as the necessity of the mechanical and interfacial property of carbon plain woven reinforced PA6 laminates.In Chapter 2, quasi-static three-point bending tests and step-by-step interrupted flexural tests were carried out to characterize the flexural behavior of different types of laminates (i.e., 2, 4, 10 and 16 plies). Additionally, the failure modes observed under flexural loading were correlated with the flexural stress-deflection behavior. Incremental cyclic flexural loading tests for CF/PA6 laminates with different layers were conducted to investigate cyclic cumulative damage. Finally, the relationship between flexural strength and knee-point stress, flexural strength and initial fracture stress were examined, respectively.In Chapter 3, PUD is used as a surface treatment agent to improve the interfacial bonding between the CFs and PA6 matrix. The CF/PA6 laminates (i.e., 9 plies) with PUD treatment were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Mechanical testing, optical observation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterize the interfacial adhesion of the composites. The effects of PUD treatment on the thermal and thermal mechanical properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively.In Chapter 4, the CF/PA6 laminate specimens with and without PUD treatment (i.e., 9 plies) have been immersed in distilled water at 80 ℃ until 60 days. The mechanical properties were measured after accelerated aging with different exposure times to evaluate the property retention. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to characterize the interfacial adhesion of the composites. The impact of hydrothermal aging on the thermal properties was also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements.Finally, in Chapter 5, a summary of the whole thesis is concluded
