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Spelman Messenger July 1930 vol. 46 no. 4
Get PDFThe Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) in supporting the processing and digitization of a number of historic collections as part of the projectOur Story: Digitizing Publications and Photographs of the Historically Black Atlanta University Center Institutions
Public opinion and the Italo-Ethiopian dispute from the Wal Wal incident to the Battle of Amba Aradam, 1939
No full textHistory of public library service to negroes in Ouachita Parish, Monroe, Louisiana, 1949-1965, 1967
No full textA case study analysis of the attitudes of elected officials regarding quality of life ordinances that impact the street homeless in Atlanta, Georgia, and San Francisco, California, 2001
Get PDFThis study examines the attitudes of local elected officials regarding quality of life ordinances that impact the street homeless in Atlanta, Georgia, and San Francisco, California. The case study approach was employed. A closed and opened-ended questionnaire was employed to obtain data. Content and aggregate data analysis was also performed. Although the data indicates that there is political representation for the homeless in Atlanta and San Francisco, it is not substantive. That is, even though local government in Atlanta and San Francisco acknowledges the need and its willingness to build additional affordable housing, more energy, time, and resources must be utilized for the creation of affordable housing if governmental figures realistically expect to assist the homeless in securing permanent affordable housing. The data shows, however, that in addition to creating affordable housing, local government in Atlanta and San Francisco has devoted a significant amount of energy, time, and resources to control the behavior of the street homeless. The data analysis also shows that it is the residential and business communities leading the charge for enactment and strong enforcement of quality of life ordinances in both cities. This finding is consistent with Robert DeLeons study of local governance in San Francisco. DeLeon argues that San Francisco politics is best understood within the context of pluralism. My study basically shows that pluralism is at work regarding quality of life ordinances in San Francisco. On the other hand, this finding comes in opposition to what Clarence Stone found in his study of Atlanta: Stone concluded that Atlanta governance is best understood within a regime. Even though my study does not confirm that regime theory is inadequate in explaining governance in Atlanta, it does highlight that the residential and rank and file have a strong and significant voice in ensuring the creation and enforcement of quality of life ordinances in Atlanta. The data analysis also suggests that a relationship exists among council members who believe that the primary cause of homelessness in Atlanta and San Francisco, respectively, stems from personal defects and those who support quality of life ordinances. This finding is consistent when analyzing the attitudes of San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown regarding quality of life ordinances. Of respondents supporting quality of life ordinances, all indicated that the primary cause of homelessness in their respective cities falls within the personal perspective. At the other end of the spectrum, respondents who stated that the primary cause of homelessness is structural indicated opposition to quality of life ordinances
A comparison of the academic achievement of 10th and 11th grade early admission students at Morehouse College, 1952-1959, 1959
No full textA comparative analysis of the congruence of attitudes, interests, and job performance as measured by supervisors of employees in a coercive organizations, 1985
Get PDFThe regulatory role of ROS on CXCR4 expression and function in prostate cancer cells, 2012
Get PDFInactivation of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin liomolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is heavily implicated in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer. Conversely, the upregulation of the chemokine (CXC) receptor 4 (CXCR4) is associated with prostate cancer progression and metastasis. The inactivation of functional PTEN is typically due to genetic and epigenetic modulations, as well as active site oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS); likewise ROS upregulates CXCR4 expression. Furthermore, the pathways of CXCR4 and PTEN converge, leading to the promotion and regulation of turnorigenesis, respectively. Based on these observation we hypothesized that, PTEN inhibits CXCR4-mediated functions in prostate cancer cells. This hypothesis was investigated through the following aims: (1) To determine whether PTEN inhibits CXCR4-mediated functions in prostate cancer cells and, (2) To investigate a mechanism by which PTEN function is lost, and CXCR4 function is gained in prostate cancer cells. Upon screening advanced metastatic prostate cancer cell lines for PTEN, identified a loss of expression in PC3 and LNCaP cells, whereas DU145 expressed wildtype PTEN. All three cell lines were positive for surface expression of CXCR4. Reconstitution of PTEN induced a mesenchymal to epithelial-like morphological change and inhibited CXCR4-mediated migration and proliferation in PC3 cells. Downregulation of PTEN by siRNA enhanced the CXCR4-mediated migratory behavior of DU145 cells. By western blot analysis, we observed that PTEN inhibited basal Protein Kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in PTEN expressing cells. Upon CXCR4 stimulation, PTEN inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but not phosphorylation of AKT. The CXCR4- mediated migration of PC3 cells was through the ERK1/2 pathway, as confirmed by chemical inhibitors. Based on these studies, we suggest that loss of PTEN permits CXCR4-mediated functions in prostate cancer cells, through the ERK1/2 pathway. We also observed that ROS increased expression of phosphorylated AKT (p -AKT) and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in DU145 and 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell lines, which was abrogated by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). This study showed that PTEN, was oxidized by ROS accumulation. The oxidized form of PTEN became catalytically inactive, although the expression levels of PTEN remained consistent. Additionally, the ROS-mediated inactivation of PTEN enhanced hypoxia inducible factor lcL (HIF1CL) and CXCR4 expression, and invasion and migration of DU145 cells, in a CXCR4-dependent manner. Interestingly, at the same ROS concentration, 22Rv1 cells did not display mitogenic effects. HIFlo expression decreased in 22Rv1 cells and the cells became apoptotic, despite the increases in AKT and ERK1/2. Taken together, antagonizing CXCR4 and downstream signaling cascades may provide an efficient approach for treating patients with advanced prostate cancer
Spelman College Bulletin 1949-1950
Get PDFThe Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) in supporting the processing and digitization of a number of historic collections as part of the projectOur Story: Digitizing Publications and Photographs of the Historically Black Atlanta University Center Institutions
Exclusion from the centralization of power: African-American women and the black church, 2007
Get PDFThis study examined the issue of sexism in the Black Church, as it impacts the level of participation of women not only as church members, but also as pastors. This practice of gender discrimination is, in reality, theological sexism. This study was based on the fact that there existed and continues to exists a separation of power related to gender discrimination of women who seek equal positions as pastors within the Black Church structure, thereby eliminating the stained glass ceiling. This is a case study based on fifteen interviews with both male and female pastors and churches in the Greater Metropolitan Atlanta and Theological academicians at local seminaries. The research revealed that both male and female pastors acknowledged that theological sexism does exist within the Black Church. The response of women has been to establish their own churches. Also, there is a rise in the number of husband/wife pastors with the wife serving as co-pastor. However, the Black Church has yet to acknowledge its established guidelines for changing the practice of theological sexism