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A quantum algorithm detecting concentrated maps
No full textWe consider an arbitrary mapping f : {0,..., N - 1} -> {0,..., N - 1} for N = 2(n), n some number of quantum bits. Using N calls to a classical oracle evaluating f(x) and an N-bit memory, it is possible to determine whether f( x) is one-to-one. For some radian angle 0 <= theta <= pi 2, we say f(x) is. - concentrated if and only if e(2 pi if(x)/N) subset of e(i[psi 0-theta,psi 0+theta]) for some given psi(0) and any 0 <= x <= N - 1. We present a quantum algorithm that distinguishes theta-concentrated f(x) from a one-to-one f( x) in O(1) calls to a quantum oracle function U-f with high probability. For 0 < theta < 0.3301 rad, the quantum algorithm outperforms random (classical) evaluation of the function testing for dispersed values (on average). Maximal outperformance occurs theta = 1/2sin(-1) 1/pi approximate to 0.1620 rad
B. Stephen Carpenter
No full textB. [Booker] Stephen Carpenter
Inducted: 2007
Citation:
For service as NIST’s Ambassador to the World, and in particular for his work revitalizing the Inter-American System of Metrology and for supporting metrology and infrastructure development in emerging economies. As a researcher, Carpenter pioneered the use of the nuclear-track technique for chemical analysis, applying it to evaluate and monitor the synthesis of neurotransmitters; he also contributed to the first international SRM for Nuclear Safeguards.
Tenure: 1964-2005
Birth: 1942, Washington, DC
Education:
Morgan State University, BS (Analytical Chemistry), 1965
Howard University, MS (Radio-Analytical Chemistry), 1968
Howard University, PhD (Radio-Analytical Chemistry), 1975
Positions held:
Research Analytical Chemist, Analytical Chemistry Division, 1964-1970
Research Radio-Analytical Chemist, Center for Analytical Chemistry, 1970-1979
Program Manager, Office of Measurements for Nuclear Technology, 1979-1981
Scientific Assistant to the Director, National Measurement Laboratory, 1981-1984
Research Chemist, Project Leader, Center for Analytical Chemistry, 1984-1988
Chief, International Relations, Office of International and Academic Affairs, Office of the Director, 1988-1995
Director, International and Academic Affairs, Office of the Director, 1995-2005
Honors:
Brazilian Metrology Society, Distinguished Achievement Award, September (2003)
Presidential Rank Award for Distinguished Executive in the SES (1999)
Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States Award for Strengthening Sino-American Cooperation in the Field of Science and Technology (1999)
U.S. Department of Commerce Silver Medal (1994) and Gold Medal (1998)
Centro Nacional de Metrologia of Mexico, Recognition Award (1995)
American Nuclear Society, Radiation Science and Technology Award (1987)
Memberships:
American Geophysical Union
Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology
Fellow, American Nuclear Society
American Chemical Society
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Publications:
More than 100 publications and a patent including:
Carpenter, B.S. and Cheek, C.H., “Trace Determination of Uranium in Biological Materials by Fission Track Counting”, Analytical Chemistry 42 121 (1970).
Carpenter, B.S., “Determination of Trace Concentrations of Boron and Uranium in Glass by the Nuclear Track Technique”, Analytical Chemistry 44, 600 (1972).
Wagner, G.A., Reimer, G.M., Carpenter, B.S., Faul, H., Van der Linden, R., and Gijbels, R., “The Spontaneous Fission Track Rate of U-238 and Fission Track Dating”, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 39, 1279 (1975).
Carpenter, B.S., Samuel, D., Wassermann, I., and Yuwiler, A., “A Study of Lithium Uptake and Location in the Brain Using the Nuclear Track Technique”, J. Radioanalytical Chemistry 37, 654 (1978).
Carpenter, B.S., Horvath, C., and Vogt, C.R., “The Production of Porous Microspheres by the Nuclear Track Technique”, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation Part D Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 11, No. 6, 289 (1986). This work led to a patent for the authors.
Greenberg, R.R. and Carpenter, B.S., “High Accuracy Determination of U-235 in Non-Destructive Assay Standards by Gamma Spectrometry”, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 110, No. 1, 177 (1987)
(Audio Part 1 of 2) Oral history interview of James E. Hill , July 27, 2007 / with David Lide, Noel Raufaste, Gregory Tassey, and Richard Wright.
No full textJames Hill recalls his career at NIST from 1972-2007. He served as the acting Deputy Director of NIST from the summer of 2006 until his retirement in April 2007
Oral history interview of James E. Hill , July 27, 2007 / with David Lide, Noel Raufaste, Gregory Tassey, and Richard Wright.
No full textJames Hill recalls his career at NIST from 1972-2007. He served as the acting Deputy Director of NIST from the summer of 2006 until his retirement in April 2007
Oral history interview of Curt Reimann , April 9, 2007 / with David Lide, Harry Hertz, and Hans Oser
No full textCurt Reimann recalls his career at NBS/NIST from October 1, 1962 until his retirement in 1995. The Malcolm Baldrige Award was initiated under the Directorship of Ernest Ambler, National Bureau of Standards Director, through the efforts of Curt Reimann
Acoustic eigenvalues of a quasispherical resonator: Second order shape perturbation theory for arbitrary modes
No full textThe boundary-shape formalism of Morse and Ingard is applied to the acoustic modes of a deformed spherical resonator (quasisphere) with rigid boundaries. For boundary shapes described by r = a [1-epsilon F(theta, phi)], where epsilon is a small scale parameter and F is a function of order unity, the frequency perturbation is calculated to order epsilon(2). The formal results apply to acoustic modes whose angular dependence is designated by the indices l and m. Specific examples are worked out for the radial (l = 0) and triplet (l = 1) modes, for prolate and oblate spheroids, and for triaxial ellipsoids. The exact eigenvalues for the spheroids, and eigenvalue determined with finite-element calculations, are shown to agree with perturbation theory through terms of order epsilon(2). This work is an extension of the author's previous papers on the acoustic eigenfrequencies of deformed spherical resonators, which were limited to the second-order perturbation for radial mode
Comment on "Argon I Lines Produced in a Hollow Cathode Source, 332 nm to 5865 nm"
No full textRecent observations at the National Institute of Standards and Technology indicate that the Ar I wavenumbers reported by Whaling et al. [J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 107, 149 ( 2002)] are systematically too large. To investigate the source of this problem, selected lines of Ar I and Ar II were remeasured in the same spectra used by Whaling et al. The measurements show that the Ar I wavenumbers of Whaling et al. are systematically shifted with respect to the Ar II wavenumbers previously reported by Whaling et al. [ J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 53, 1 ( 1995)] based on the same spectra. The Ar I wavenumbers can be corrected by a constant multiplicative correction of 0.999 999 933
Oral history interview of Barry Taylor, October 31, 2007 / with David Lide, Norman Belecki, Edwin Williams, and Ralph Hudson.
No full textBarry Taylor recalls his career at NIST from June 1970 untill his retirement in March 2001
Will future measurement needs of the semiconductor industry be met?
No full textWe discuss the ability of the nation's measurement system to meet future metrology needs of the semiconductor industry. Lacking an acceptable metric for assessing the health of metrology for the semiconductor industry, we identify a limited set of unmet measurement needs. Assuming that this set of needs may serve as proxy for the galaxy of semiconductor measurement needs, we examine it from the perspective of what will be required to continue the semiconductor industry's powerful impact in the world's macro-economy and maintain its exceptional record of numerous technological innovations. This paper concludes with suggestions about ways to strengthen the measurement system for the semiconductor industry
Convective instabilities in two liquid layers
No full textWe perform linear stability calculations for horizontal fluid bilayers, taking into account both buoyancy effects and thermocapillary effects in the presence of a vertical temperature gradient. To help understand the mechanisms driving the instability, we have performed both long- wavelength and short- wavelength analyses. The mechanism for the large wavelength instability is complicated, and the detailed form of the expansion is found to depend on the Crispation and Bond numbers. The system also allows a conventional Rayleigh- Taylor instability if heavier fluid overlies lighter fluid, and the long- wavelength analysis describes this case as well. In addition to the asymptotic analyses for large and small wavelengths, we have performed numerical calculations using materials parameters for a benzene- water system