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    Moving Media and Conflict Studies beyond the CNN Effect

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    After the ‘CNN Effect’ concept was coined two decades ago, it quickly became a popular shorthand to understand media-conflict interactions. Although the connection has probably always been more complex than what was captured in the concept, research needs to be updated in order to better understand the multifaceted contemporary environments of both media and conflict. There are growing numbers and types of media sources, and multiple interactions between media and conflict actors, policymakers and engaged publics from the local to the global and back. We argue that understanding the impact of media reporting on conflict requires a new framework that captures the multi-level and hybrid media environments of contemporary conflicts. This study provides a roadmap of how to systematically unpack this environment. It describes and explains how different levels, interactions, and forms of news reporting shape conflicts and peacebuilding in local, national and regional contexts, and how international responses interact with multiple media narratives. With these tools, comprehensive understandings of contemporary local to global media interactions can be incorporated into new research on media and conflic

    Evaluation of pluripotency gene in Thai human dental pulp stem cells

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            The introduction of stem cells in regenerative medicine have given us valuable opportunities to repair the disfunctional tissues and organs of human.  The more variety of cell types stem cells can give rise to the more diseases and disability we can overcome.  ‘Pluripotency’ refers to the ability of stem cells to differentiate into all three germ layers.  The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of pluripotency markers in Thai human dental pulp stem cells.  Stem cells was isolated and cultured from dental pulp tissue of 3 permanent teeth (DPSC 1-3) and 3 human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED1-3).  The total RNA was extracted from the dental pulp stem cells in passage 3-5.  The cDNA of DPSCs and SHEDs was measured the gene expression level of OCT-4, NANOG, SOX-2, and HNF-3b by RT-qPCR.  The statistical difference was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (P-value<0.05).  The result showed variation in level of pluripotency gene expression among both DPSC 1-3 and SHED 1-3.  Comparatively, the expression of OCT-4, NANOG, SOX-2 gene appeared to demonstrate higher trend in SHEDs.  Whereas, higher trend of HNF 3b gene expression was detected in DPSCs.  The genetic investigation of stem cell can reveal many useful data for the future of stem cell research and regenerative medicine.  This study was the first to provide comparative pluripotency markers information between SHED and DPSC of selected Thai patients. Keywords: Pluripotency markers, Dental pulp stem cells, Thai, Primary teeth, Permanent teet

    Editorial

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    A comparison of the characteristics of nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond lasers generated Ag, TiO2 and Au nanoparticles in deionised water

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    Although there have been large quantities of published work in laser generation of nanoparticles, it is still unclear on the comparative role of laser wavelengths and pulse widths in controlling the nanoparticle sizes, morphology and production rate. In this investigation, Ag, Au and TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesised by nanosecond (lambda = 532 nm, tau = 5 ns), picosecond (lambda = 1064 nm, tau = 10 ps) and femtosecond (lambda = 800 nm, tau

    Belief and Limont Ritual in Songkhla Province / ความเชื่อและพิธีกรรมลิมนต์ในจังหวัดสงขลา

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    บทคัดย่อการศึกษาวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความเชื่อและรูปแบบหรือกระบวนการของพิธีกรรมลิมนต์ในจังหวัดสงขลาที่ยังคงมีการประกอบพิธีกรรมอยู่อย่างต่อเนื่อง ผู้วิจัยเลือกใช้แนวคิดในเรื่องภูมิปัญญามาใช้ทำความเข้าใจความเชื่อและพิธีกรรมลิมนต์ เพราะพิธีกรรมลิมนต์เป็นผลของบริบททางสังคมวัฒนธรรม ซึ่งสะท้อนพื้นฐานรากเหง้าของคนภาคใต้ และประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดของเดอร์ไคม์ในการศึกษาพิธีกรรมด้วยการจำแนกแยกแยะระหว่างสิ่งศักดิ์สิทธิ์ (The Sacred) กับสิ่งสาธารณะ (The Profane) และแนวคิดของวิคเตอร์ เทอร์เนอร์ในการเปลี่ยนผ่านสถานภาพ (Rite de passage) ในพิธีกรรมลิมนต์ การออกแบบวิจัยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ซึ่งสามารถอธิบายปรากฏการณ์ทางสังคมผ่านการวิเคราะห์ ตีความเพื่ออธิบายความเชื่อและพิธีกรรมลิมนต์จากมุมมองของเจ้าของวัฒนธรรมตามสภาพความเป็นจริงผลการศึกษา พบว่า ในพื้นที่อำเภอนาหม่อม และอำเภอนาทวี จังหวัดสงขลา ซึ่งเป็นพื้นที่สนาม ยังคงมีการประกอบพิธีกรรมลิมนต์อยู่อย่างต่อเนื่อง อันเป็นผลจากความเชื่อพื้นบ้านที่มีอยู่มากมาย ได้แก่ ความเชื่อเกี่ยวกับผีบรรพบุรุษ เครื่องรางของขลัง และเวทมนต์คาถา นายมนต์และนางทรง บทร้องหรือบทบูชา และดนตรีพื้นบ้าน การเข้าทรง หลอมรวมเป็นระบบความเชื่อของลูกหลานที่มีต่อบรรพบุรุษ สะท้อนให้เห็นว่า คนภาคใต้ให้ความสำคัญกับระบบเครือญาติ การนับถือผู้อาวุโส และจิตสำนึกร่วมของสังคม ในด้านรูปแบบหรือกระบวนการของพิธีกรรมลิมนต์ พบว่า มีความซับซ้อน ความละเอียดอ่อน รวมทั้งสอดคล้องกับระบบความเชื่อของ แต่ละพื้นที่ ดังปรากฏในรูปแบบตั้งแต่การจัดหาวันเวลา การรับขันหมากเพื่อบอกกล่าวการจัดงาน การจัดเตรียมงาน การประกอบพิธี ขั้นตอนพิธีกรรมต่างๆ นอกจากนี้ พบว่า มีการจำแนกแยกแยะพื้นที่ออกเป็นพื้นที่ศักดิ์สิทธิ์และพื้นที่สาธารณะ และแสดงให้เห็นพิธีกรรมเปลี่ยนผ่านจากพื้นที่ทั้งสอง เช่น การเปลี่ยนผ่านของนางทรงจากคนปกติไปสู่ร่างทรง และจากร่างทรงกลับมาสู่สถานภาพเดิม พิธีกรรมลิมนต์จึงไม่ได้เป็นภูมิปัญญาหนึ่งที่บรรพบุรุษได้สรรสร้าง สืบทอดความเชื่อต่อบรรพบุรุษ เชื่อในผีตายายที่ปกปักรักษาลูกหลานเท่านั้น แต่ยังเป็นสำนึกทางวัฒนธรรม ช่วยสร้างจิตสำนึกร่วมของคนในท้องถิ่นผ่านรูปแบบของพิธีกรรมศักดิ์สิทธิ์ คำสำคัญ: ความเชื่อ  พิธีกรรมลิมนต์  ผีตายาย  นายมนต์  นางทรง AbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine beliefs and formats or procedures of Limont Ritual (an ancestor worship ritual) in Songkhla Province that has been continually held by groups of local people. In this research, local wisdom concept was deployed to comprehend beliefs and the ritual itself since the ritual was influenced by socio-cultural context which reflects the origin of southern people. Furthermore, Emile Durkheim’s thought was used to study the ritual by separating the sacred from the profane while Victor Turner’s concept of liminality (Rite de passage) was brought to investigate the ritual. By this, qualitative research methodology was chosen as a research design in order to describe social phenomena through analyzing and interpreting methods for explaining facts of beliefs and Limont Ritual from insider view.The findings showed that Limont Ritual is plentifully held in Amphur Na-mom and Amphur Nathawee, Songkhla Province where local people are still carrying on the ritual. This consequence is resulted from folklores, such as beliefs of ancestor souls, talismans and magic, Nai Mont and Nang Song (a leader of the group that holds the ritual and a medium who communicates with spirits, respectively), chants and folk music, and spiritualism. These unite the descendants’ belief of their ancestors which represent that southern people give precedence to their family, pay respect to the elders, and pay attention to social consciousness. The research also found that pattern or procedures of the ritual are complexity, delicacy, and according with beliefs in different areas where the ritual is held. These could be seen in many complicated things included in the ritual, for example calculating and picking an auspicious day, getting Khan Mak (a parade procession that may include gifts, sacred things or things used in the ritual, depending on types of the ritual) from the organizer of the ritual, together with the practices and the ritual operations.Besides, Limont Ritual demonstrates the separation between the sacred area and the profane area before these two areas going through the liminality process. Nang Song, for instance, changes from an ordinary person to the medium before returning to a previous character when the ritual is finished. To summarize, it could be regarded that Limont Ritual is not only a folk wisdom of the older generation that inherits beliefs of their ancestors and Phi Ta Yai (ancestor ghosts who protect the descendants from evil) but also a cultured conscious which helps building local consciousness in the form of the sacred ritual. Keywords: Beliefs, Limont Ritual, Phi Ta Yai, Nai Mont, Nang Son

    EMOTICOM: A Neuropsychological Test Battery to Evaluate Emotion, Motivation, Impulsivity, and Social Cognition.

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    In mental health practice, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are aimed at improving neuropsychological symptoms, including cognitive and emotional impairments. However, at present there is no established neuropsychological test battery that comprehensively covers multiple affective domains relevant in a range of disorders. Our objective was to generate a standardized test battery, comprised of existing, adapted and novel tasks, to assess four core domains of affective cognition (emotion processing, motivation, impulsivity and social cognition) in order to facilitate and enhance treatment development and evaluation in a broad range of neuropsychiatric disorders. The battery was administered to 200 participants aged 18-50 years (50% female), 42 of whom were retested in order to assess reliability. An exploratory factor analysis identified 11 factors with eigenvalues greater than 1, which accounted for over 70% of the variance. Tasks showed moderate to excellent test-retest reliability and were not strongly correlated with demographic factors such as age or IQ. The EMOTICOM test battery is therefore a promising tool for the assessment of affective cognitive function in a range of contexts

    Does leader affective presence influence communication of creative ideas within work teams?

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    Affective presence is a novel emotion-related personality trait, supported in experimental studies, concerning the extent to which a person makes his or her interaction partners feel the same way (Eisenkraft & Elfenbein, 2010). Applying this concept to an applied teamwork context, we proposed that team leader affective presence would influence team members’ communication of creative ideas. Multilevel modeling analysis of data from a survey study conducted with teams from a consultancy firm confirmed that team leader affective presence interacted with team member creative idea generation to predict inhibition of voicing their ideas. Specifically, withholding of ideas was less likely when team members generated creative ideas and their team leader had higher positive affective presence or lower negative affective presence. These findings contribute to emotion research by showing affective presence as a trait with interpersonal meaning, which can shape how cognition is translated into social behavior in applied performance contexts, such as teamwork in organizations

    Usual blood pressure, atrial fibrillation and vascular risk: evidence from 4.3 million adults

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    BACKGROUND: Although elevated blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), it is unclear if this association varies by individual characteristics. Furthermore, the associations between AF and a range of different vascular events are yet to be reliably quantified.METHODS: Using linked electronic health records, we examined the time to first diagnosis of AF and time to first diagnosis of nine vascular events in a cohort of 4.3 million adults, aged 30 to 90 years, in the UK.RESULTS: A 20-mmHg higher usual systolic blood pressure was associated with a higher risk of AF [hazard ratio (HR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19, 1.22]. The strength of the association declined with increasing age, from an HR of 1.91 (CI 1.75, 2.09) at age 30-40 to an HR of 1.01 (CI 0.97, 1.04) at age 80-90 years. AF without antithrombotic use at baseline was associated with a greater risk of any vascular event than AF with antithrombotic usage (P interaction &lt; 0.0001). AF without baseline antithrombotic usage was associated with an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease (HR 2.52, CI 2.23, 2.84), heart failure (HR 3.80, CI 3.50, 4.12), ischaemic stroke (HR 2.72, CI 2.19, 3.38), unspecified stroke (HR 2.59, CI 2.25, 2.99), haemorrhagic stroke, chronic kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease and vascular dementia, but not aortic aneurysm.CONCLUSIONS: The association between elevated blood pressure and AF attenuates with increasing age. AF without antithrombotic usage is associated with an increased risk of eight vascular events.</p

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