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Community Crime and Safety: An Investigation of Gender Differences in the Daily Stress Process
Get PDFFew studies have investigated the associations between community crime rates and affective well-being, and how that relationship may differ according to gender. Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences and the Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the current study examined gender differences between daily affective experiences, crime rates, and perceptions of neighborhood safety. Although feeling unsafe in one\u27s neighborhood was related to worse affective well-being (i.e., higher negative affect/lower positive affect) and larger affective responses to daily stressors, crime rates were not. Women\u27s negative affect was more strongly tied to daily stressors, whereas men\u27s was more strongly tied to lower perceived neighborhood safety. Findings reveal the importance of understanding factors, such as gender, that impact safety concerns beyond that from crime. They also suggest that increasing visibility within communities might dissuade perpetrators and enhance residents\u27 feelings of safety
Psychology in Vietnam
No full textThe development of psychology in Vietnam is closely tied to its colonial history and the 30-year division of the country into two states. In the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, psychology was intricately connected with education, pedagogy, and teacher training. This emphasis continued throughout the country post-unification. As Vietnam reformed its economy in the late 1980s and 1990s, the social stresses associated with these changes led to a greater need for mental health services, especially for children and youth. This has led to the development of specialized graduate programs in clinical and school psychology. Currently, 28 universities offer bachelor’s degrees in psychology or educational psychology, and 9 offer master’s degrees in either clinical or school psychology. Education at the doctoral level remains general, with only one doctoral program in child and adolescent clinical psychology. Despite these modest shifts toward training practitioners, psychology is not an officially recognized profession in Vietnam, and there are no uniform standards for training or licensure. Because of this, many people who practice as psychologists have limited education and training. Recently, the government has taken steps to recognize clinical psychology alongside other health professionals.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_books/1162/thumbnail.jp
AI and Future-Making: Design, Biases, and Human-Plant Interactions
Get PDFDesign researchers and practitioners are turning to generative AI (genAI) to support activities such as ideation and concept development in pursuit of preferred futures. At the same time, genAI is known to have biases, which prompts questions about how these biases might adversely affect design practices. In the domain of sustainable HCI, with its recent trends in human-nature interactions and more-than-human design, the question can be further refined into whether and how genAI biases might perpetuate anthropocentric biases that these practices are increasingly seeking to confront. In the present research, we conducted three workshops, focusing on genAI for human-plant interactions; in the first workshop, we created design fiction concerning human-plant interactions in Southern California in the year 2100, building on the second, the third workshop sought to identify and bring into focus relevant units of analysis. Results included the identification of three kinds of AI biases in plant representations that affect design practices of future-making: species, ecologies, and interactions
Software implementations and analyses of the emotional impact of various binaural beat classifications layered into music.
Get PDFThis study explores the psychoacoustic effects of binaural beats, which are produced when sinusoidal waves of slightly differing frequencies are played into each ear, leading to brainwave entrainment. Binaural beats are categorized by frequency bands (e.g., Beta: 14–30 Hz for energy, Theta: 4–8 Hz for relaxation), each associated with different psychological effects. This research contributes to the field by empirically analyzing whether binaural beats alter the emotional impact of music. Past studies have investigated the potential benefits of binaural beats in relaxation and energy stimulation. However, their effects, when combined with music, especially regarding a song\u27s perceived emotional quality or valence, remain underexplored. The methodology involved developing a Binaural Synthesizer VST plugin using the JUCE C++ software framework for binaural beat synthesis with proper audio signal processing and buffering infrastructure; this encourages the use of binaural beats in music production workflows. Songs were categorized based on valence using Spotify’s API and mixed with either Beta or Theta binaural beats. Participants listened to both control and modified versions of these songs and provided valence ratings, noting changes on a scale ranging from significant decrease to significant increase. The randomized order of presentation and matched musical elements helped isolate binaural beat effects and minimize bias and fatigue. Results indicated that Beta beats consistently decreased valence in high-valence songs, contrary to expectations, while Theta beats also decreased valence in low-valence songs, aligning with the hypothesis. These findings suggest that binaural beats decrease perceived positiveness in music rather than enhancing energy or relaxation. Limitations include the short duration of exposure and the subjective nature of emotional assessment, warranting further research
New Fueter-Type Variables Associated to the Global Operator in the Quaternionic Case
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to develop a new theory of three non-commuting quaternionic variables and its related Schur analysis theory for a modified version of the quaternionic global operator
Búsqueda de babosas marinas: Understanding Barriers of Environmental Literacy and Climate Advocacy within Southern California Spanish-Speakers
No full textThe Hispanic and Latino populations are the largest ethnic minority in California, and more than 10.4 million Californians consider Spanish their first language. However, English is the primary language in most educational and public spaces. This means Spanish-speaking communities have limited access to coastal ecosystems and learning opportunities about coastal areas impacted by climate change and extreme weather, which becomes a barrier to civic engagement, climate advocacy, and local decision-making. During the 2023 summer, we partnered with local climate advocacy organizations and held educational programs at two public beaches in southern California. The presentations in English and Spanish taught foundational environmental information to participants, followed by tidepool exploration. We surveyed participants at the events to understand whether participatory science events affect climate advocacy and environmental literacy. We also assessed if demographic factors, including education level, income, and age, impacted their outcomes. Using data obtained from the pre and post-survey, we hypothesized the participatory science events would increase environmental literacy and climate advocacy levels among young adults in the range of 18-24 years of age and those whose primary and/or only language is not English. Ultimately, we show that educational programming targeting non-English speaking communities has tremendous power to challenge low environmental literacy rates and lacking civic engagement within intersectional and underrepresented populations. Therefore, the active creation and funding for systems supporting environmental education and advocacy action are key to moving beyond the traditional realm of what has historically been the norm in American society
Manifest Destiny, A Repeat of History: Scoring Stanley Kubrick\u27s The Shining
Get PDFIn this paper I will examine Stanley Kubrick’s 1980 film The Shining through the lens of Manifest Destiny. Using this angle, I discuss how protagonist Jack Torrance takes on the role of a settler as he cares for the Overlook Hotel and becomes verbally abusive and controlling to his wife and son. I use the disconcerting, avant-garde scores of Twentieth Century modernist composers Béla Bartók, György Ligeti, and Krzysztof Penderecki to analyze how this story of westward expansion is conveyed. This chilling soundscape involving extreme dissonance, complex rhythms, layering of sounds, and unconventional techniques scores Jack’s psychological descent into murderous insanity and lures him into his doomed fate of death, the karma one receives when settling over Native American land. Additionally, I touch on how Kubrick conveys this tragedy all while showing no violence on the moving image, proving that without this haunting soundscape, the film’s unnerving plot and tension would lose its potency, thus demonstrating that the auditory experience is an essential part in amplifying the horror of a psychological narrative. This analysis will provide the history needed to depict The Shining as more than just a haunted hotel story; an exploration of the music will also enable listeners to make more sense of the disjointed sounds and understand why musical editor, Gordon Stainforth, made his strategic choices
Little Shop Of Patriarchy : Analyzing Constructed vs. Essential Gender Roles
Get PDFFrank Oz’s Little Shop of Horrors (1986) is more than a silly kooky musical. The comedic plot dramatically dances with themes of domestic violence, poverty, and sexism. For this project, my poster will explore the expectations and representations of femininity and masculinity set up at the film\u27s beginning versus the end. The film’s context will connect to research involving gender essentialism (innate, biological sex) and gender constructionism (socially constructed gender roles). I will analyze the roles of Seymour, Audrey, and Orin to exhibit how they discover their constructed and essential gender identities. The film represents Audrey as a ditsy hyper-feminine character through physical and behavioral choices such as her high-pitched voice and submissive attitude toward her abusive boyfriend, Orin. Orin represents the toxicity of hyper-masculinity through his conceited mindset and the pain he inflicts on others. Seymour’s gender identity is blurred, and similarly to Audrey, he is easily manipulated and strives to please everyone regardless of his own wishes. He commits cruel acts to produce the life he desires with Audrey, unknowingly contributing to his own demise. Through the analysis of these three characters, I expect to interpret their gender roles and the chronological process of their identities throughout the film
Characterizing Full-Time, Non-Tenure-Track Teaching Faculty in Biology
Get PDFInstitutions of higher education play a major role in teaching undergraduate students. Historically, most courses have been taught by tenure-track (TT) faculty who may also be responsible for research or scholarly activities. However, a recent shift from “teaching-intensive” TT faculty to “teaching-only” contingent faculty off the tenure track has highlighted the importance of understanding the experiences of contingent faculty. While there have been an increasing number of studies examining the experiences of part-time contingent faculty, few studies have directly surveyed the increasing number of full-time, non-tenure-track (NTT) teaching faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to capture their experiences, nor are we aware of any study that has examined the roles of NTT teaching faculty within one discipline to examine any potential disciplinary differences that may arise across STEM fields. Here, we focus on the experiences of full-time, non-tenure-track faculty in biology whose primary responsibility is teaching. We conducted a random stratified sampling of institutions using the Carnegie classifications to identify potential full-time NTT teaching faculty at over 10% of all institutions in the United States. Our results from surveying these faculty found both positive and negative themes, including (i) NTT teaching faculty being less diverse than the STEM professoriate at large; (ii) NTT teaching faculty reporting mixed feelings on institutional support, identifying a range of opportunities to better support NTT teaching faculty; (iii) NTT teaching faculty often having limited participation in voting for department and institutional matters and reporting mixed feelings of belonging and value; and (iv) NTT teaching faculty having high amounts of autonomy over their teaching but still struggling in key areas. We end with specific implications and recommendations for our field to better support NTT teaching faculty in biology
GRIFFIN, Benjamin, ed. 2024. Pudd’nhead Wilson: Manuscript and Revised Versions, with Those Extraordinary Twins, by Mark TWAIN.
Get PDFA review of Pudd’nhead Wilson: Manuscript and Revised Versions, with Those Extraordinary Twins, by Mark Twain, edited by Benjamin Griffin