Repositorio Universidad Europea del Atlántico
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Pupilometer efficacy in monitoring anxiety in undergraduate medical students during high-fidelity clinical simulation
Full text linkThe aim of the present work was to determine the correlation between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) score and pupillary diameter and whether this correlation exists to develop a predictive model of anxiety with the pupillary diameter of students exposed to high-fidelity clinical simulation. This was a randomized, blinded, simulation-based clinical trial. The study was conducted at the Advanced Clinical Simulation Center, Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University (Spain), from February 1 to April 15, 2023, and involved volunteer sixth-year undergraduate medical students. The STAI score, vital signs (oxygen saturation, perfusion index, blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature), and pupillary response were assessed. The primary outcomes were the delta (pre/postsimulation) of the state STAI and the delta of the pupillary diameter. Sixty-one sixth-year students fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was no difference regarding the clinical scenario. There was a statistically significant correlation between the state STAI score and pupillary diameter. The predictive model had an AUC of 0.876, with the delta diameter of the pupillary being the only statistically significant variable for anxiety prediction. Our results showed that both the pupillary response and the STAI score allowed the identification of students with disabling anxiety. These results could pave the way for appropriate protocol development that allows for personalized tutoring of students with elevated anxiety levels
Enhancing human gut health: Global innovations in dysbiosis management
Full text linkThe microbiota, comprising all the microorganisms within the body, plays a critical role in maintaining good health. Dysbiosis represents a condition resulting from an imbalance or alteration of the microbiota. This study comprehensively investigates the patent literature on dysbiosis over the past 20 years
Ensemble stacked model for enhanced identification of sentiments from IMDB reviews
Full text linkThe emergence of social media platforms led to the sharing of ideas, thoughts, events, and reviews. The shared views and comments contain people’s sentiments and analysis of these sentiments has emerged as one of the most popular fields of study. Sentiment analysis in the Urdu language is an important research problem similar to other languages, however, it is not investigated very well. On social media platforms like X (Twitter), billions of native Urdu speakers use the Urdu script which makes sentiment analysis in the Urdu language important. In this regard, an ensemble model RRLS is proposed that stacks random forest, recurrent neural network, logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM). The Internet Movie Database (IMDB) movie reviews and Urdu tweets are examined in this study using Urdu sentiment analysis. The Urdu hack library was used to preprocess the Urdu data, which includes preprocessing operations including normalizing individual letters, merging them, including spaces, etc. concerning punctuation. The problem of accurately encoding Urdu characters and replacing Arabic letters with their Urdu equivalents is fixed by the normalization module. Several models are adopted in this study for extensive evaluation of their accuracy for Urdu sentiment analysis. While the results promising, among machine learning models, the SVM and LR attained an accuracy of 87%, according to performance criteria such as F-measure, accuracy, recall, and precision. The accuracy of the long short-term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) was 84%. The suggested ensemble RRLS model performs better than other learning algorithms and achieves a 90% accuracy rate, outperforming current methods. The use of the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is observed to improve the performance and lead to 92.77% accuracy
Effects on frailty and cognitive decline in individuals over 65 years after participating in a multicomponent exercise program: A systematic review
Full text linkIntroduction: Aging is a biological and inevitable phenomenon associated with molecular and cellular damage over time. This process significantly increases the risk of various clinical syndromes, such as frailty and cognitive decline. Consequently, various tools, including physical exercise, have been developed to reduce or prevent these issues in the older population. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of multicomponent exercise programs in individuals over 65 years, focusing on their effects in reducing signs of frailty and cognitive decline. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, searches were conducted in four databases: Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo, and Dialnet, selecting a total of twenty-two articles published between 2014 and 2024. Eight studies were chosen where multicomponent training was used to address frailty and cognitive decline. Results: The results from this systematic review indicate that engaging in a multicomponent exercise program for a minimum duration of 8-12 weeks improves signs of frailty and cognitive decline in older individuals. Conclusions: Multicomponent exercise also appears to be an effective tool in preventing and/or reducing disability, frailty, and cognitive decline
A novel hybrid deep learning approach for super-resolution and objects detection in remote sensing
Full text linkObject detection in remote sensing imagery presents challenges due to low resolution, complex backgrounds, occlusions, and scale variations, which are critical in disaster response, environmental monitoring, and surveillance. This study proposes a robust object detection framework integrating super-resolution techniques with advanced feature extraction algorithms for remote sensing images. The hybrid model combines Advanced StyleGAN and Swin Transformer. Advanced StyleGAN enhances image resolution, facilitating the detection of small and occluded objects, while Swin Transformer employs hierarchical attention mechanisms for effective feature extraction. Preprocessing techniques, including data augmentation, are incorporated to improve the diversity and accuracy of the training dataset. Evaluation on datasets such as VEDAI-VISIBLE and VEDAI-IR demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving an [email protected] of 97.2%, [email protected]:0.95 of 72.8%, and F1-Score of 0.93, with an inference time of 42 ms. The framework maintained robustness under challenging conditions, such as low light and fog, outperforming YOLOv9-S, YOLOv9-E, and DCNN-based methods. Furthermore, it surpassed state-of-the-art models on RSOD and NWPU VHR-10 datasets, achieving superior detection accuracy and robustness. This framework offers a significant advancement in remote sensing object detection, providing an effective solution for complex scenarios. Future work may focus on optimizing computational efficiency and expanding the framework to multimodal or dynamic object detection tasks
Effects on Frailty and Cognitive Decline in Individuals Over 65 Years After Participating in a Multicomponent Exercise Program: A Systematic Review
Full text linkIntroduction: Aging is a biological and inevitable phenomenon associated with molecular and cellular damage over time. This process significantly increases the risk of various clinical syndromes, such as frailty and cognitive decline. Consequently, various tools, including physical exercise, have been developed to reduce or prevent these issues in the older population. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of multicomponent exercise programs in individuals over 65 years, focusing on their effects in reducing signs of frailty and cognitive decline. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, searches were conducted in four databases: Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo, and Dialnet, selecting a total of twenty-two articles published between 2014 and 2024. Eight studies were chosen where multicomponent training was used to address frailty and cognitive decline. Results: The results from this systematic review indicate that engaging in a multicomponent exercise program for a minimum duration of 8-12 weeks improves signs of frailty and cognitive decline in older individuals. Conclusions: Multicomponent exercise also appears to be an effective tool in preventing and/or reducing disability, frailty, and cognitive decline
Unhealthy Ultra-Processed Food, Diet Quality and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Children and Adolescents: The DELICIOUS Project
Full text linkBackground: Western dietary patterns worldwide are increasingly dominated by energy-dense, nutrient-deficient industrial foods, often identified as ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Such products may have detrimental health implications, particularly if nutritionally inadequate. This study aimed to examine the intake of unhealthy UPFs among children and adolescents from five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Egypt, and Lebanon) involved in the DELICIOUS project and to assess the association with dietary quality indicators. Methods: A survey was conducted with a sample of 2011 parents of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years to evaluate their dietary habits. Diet quality was assessed using the Youth Healthy Eating Index (Y-HEI), the KIDMED index to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and compliance with national dietary guidelines. Results: Increased UPF consumption was not inherently associated with healthy or unhealthy specific food groups, although children and adolescents who consumed UPF daily were less likely to exhibit high overall diet quality and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. In all five countries, greater UPF intake was associated with poorer compliance with dietary recommendations concerning fats, sweets, meat, and legumes. Conclusions: Increased UPF consumption among Mediterranean children and adolescents is associated with an unhealthy dietary pattern, possibly marked by a high intake of fats, sweets, and meat, and a low consumption of legumes
Methodology and content for the design of basketball coach education programs: a systematic review
Full text linkBackground: The increasing complexity of basketball and the need for optimal decision-making in order to maximize competitive performance highlight the necessity of specialized training for basketball coaches. This systematic review aims to compile, synthesize, and integrate international research published in specialized journals on the training of basketball coaches and students, examining their characteristics and needs. Specifically, it analyzes the content, technical-tactical actions, and methodologies used in practice and education programs to determine which essential parameters for their technical and tactical development.
Methods: A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA®) guidelines and the PICOS® model until January 30, 2025, in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, SciELO, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus databases. The risk of bias was assessed and the PEDro scale was used to analyze methodological quality.
Results: A total of 14,090 articles were obtained in the initial search. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample was 23 articles. These studies maintained a high standard of quality. This revealed data on the technical-tactical actions addressed in different categories; the profiles, characteristics, and influence of coaches on player development; and the approaches, teaching methods, and evaluation methodologies used in acquiring knowledge and competencies for the professional development of basketball coaches.
Conclusions: Adequate theoretical and practical training for basketball coaches is essential for player development. Therefore, training programs for basketball coaches must integrate technical-tactical, physical, and psychological knowledge with the acquisition of skills and competencies that are refined through practice. This training should be continuous, more specialized, and comprehensive, focusing on understanding and constructing knowledge that supports the professional growth of basketballers. Additionally, training should incorporate digital tools and informal learning opportunities, with blended learning emerging as the most effective methodology for this purpose
Integración de ciencias aplicadas para la formación en soporte vital básico
No full textEl presente proyecto se centra en crear un producto formativo basado en un simulador digital y un conjunto de herramientas que
permitan extender la formación en soporte vital básico (SVB) a toda la población, y en especial a niños/as y adolescentes a través de
sus docentes.
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo, siendo la muerte súbita cardiaca la causa más
frecuente de muerte extrahospitalaria (25% de toda la mortalidad mundial). Los testigos son de los factores más importantes que
influyen para salvar la vida de alguien en paro cardiaco, mientras que la formación en SVB no está extendida entre la población. Así,
por ejemplo, entre la población escolar solo se recibe en un 16% de los colegios.
Sabemos que se debe extender la formación en SVB a la población en general, y seguir las recomendaciones del European
Resuscitation Council, el cual indica que las prácticas de SVB deben ser incluidas en los planes de estudio para capacitar a todos los
docentes e impulsar la formación en los centros escolares a pesar de los escasos recursos materiales disponibles. Por ello, dado que
los profesores son formadores eficaces para educar a los escolares también en SVB, nos proponemos desarrollar herramientas que
mejoren la formación de estos docentes (futuros y en activo).
Nuestra propuesta propone crear dichas herramientas en un enfoque centrado en simulación virtual que sabemos puede ser adecuado
para facilitar la extensión de esta formación a mayor población sin las limitaciones actuales de soluciones dependientes de
instructores sanitarios y equipamientos costosos. Y así también consideramos los desafíos pendientes para lograr una solución
pedagógicamente adecuada, de resultados objetivamente evaluables y utilizable para resolver la problemática de la formación
continua y superar la curva de olvido.
De acuerdo al estado de arte, el proyecto debe aportar una serie de avances tecnológicos, como son: diseñar un sistema preciso para
la valoración de los conocimientos y habilidades en soporte vital básico, crear un producto formativo liderado por pedagogo/as y en
colaboración con profesionales sanitarios y tecnólogos, utilizar y evaluar ayudas cognitivas en formación de SVB, y medir el tiempo de
retención de los conocimientos y habilidades en SVB.
El éxito de esta iniciativa radica en el trabajo conjunto de un equipo multidisciplinar que integra especialistas en pedagogía,
tecnologías educativas, salud (enfermería, emergencias), diseño y comunicación. Siendo componente esencial de este proyecto la
formación docente, que será el puente entre el producto tecnológico y su implementación en el aula, se debe lograr familiarizar a los
docentes con el uso de las herramientas digitales y también capacitarlos en la planificación y elaboración de actividades educativas
sólidas, capaces de generar motivación y fomentar un aprendizaje práctico
Simulation based training and digital technologies combined with service-learning approach for experiential and reflective learning in nutrition and dietetic education (MAHINE)
No full textEste proyecto busca mejorar la formación práctica de nutricionistas, combinando la
nutrición con la agronomía, gracias a un enfoque nutricionalmente sensible. El
equipo del proyecto busca difundir conocimientos sobre nutrición humana y
promover el compromiso social de los estudiantes. El proyecto se basa en la misión
de mejorar la salud de las personas mediante una mejor educación nutricional.
Considerando la situación en Angola, caracterizada por la falta de nutricionistas y
educación nutricional, la desnutrición crónica, la inseguridad alimentaria y la
necesidad de desarrollar la atención primaria de salud, los socios angoleños están
decididos a integrar en los planes de estudio los resultados de este proyecto, con un
claro impacto social: mejorar el número de nutricionistas y las competencias de los
profesionales, en particular la educación dietética, para impactar positivamente en el
estado nutricional de la población angoleña