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Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Melatonin in Biofluids by Antipyrine Based Fluorophore
No full textAbstract
A simple fuorescent based organic fuorophore was synthesized and it shows signifcant fuorescent intensity with melatonin
(MLN). Hence, it was applicable to the detection of MLN by colorimetric and fuorimetric techniques at neutral pH. Under
optimized experimental condition, the synthesized organic fuorophore detects MLN selectively in the presence of other
interfering biomolecules through ICT mechanism. The melatonin sensing mechanism is supported by DFT and 1
H-NMR titration. Based on the fndings, this method can be applied to design a simple clinical diagnostic tool for MLN
Multi-response optimization in WEDM process of Al-Si alloy using TLBO-graph theory algorithm towards sustainability
No full textOne of the challenges facing manufacturing industries is optimizing the power consumption for the development of sus�tainable manufacturing processes. To precisely measure the wire cut electric discharge matching (WEDM) performance of
aluminum–silicon (Al–Si) alloy, the present study proposed a hybrid teaching and learning–based optimization (HTLBO)
to take on the challenge. The HTLBO comprises teaching and learning–based optimization technique and graph theory
algorithm to improve WEDM performance. The power consumption, kerf width, surface quality, and metal removal rate are considered performance characteristics. First, an auxiliary electrode was placed on the top surface of the Al–Si alloy and reduced surface defects including micro-cracks, micro-voids, and micro-globules from the machined surface around the kerf and also improved metal removal rate. The proposed methodology was used in the second stage and optimized the process parameters. The optimal working condition was as follows: 3.8 A of discharge current, 10 µs of discharge duration, 24 µs of discharge interval, 20 V of discharge voltage, and 17 N of wire tension. At optimal working condition, the metal removal rate, power consumption, surface roughness, and kerf width are found as 19.72 mm3/min, 49 W, 0.7 µm, and 351 µm, respectively. Moreover, the HTLBO took less time in optimization when compared with conventional TLBO
Enhancement of engine performance by nano-coated pistons fuelled with nano-additive biodiesel blends
Get PDFResearchers have been interested in making a more energy-efficient engine for a long time. This is because the use of fossil fuels like diesel has grown along with the need for more electricity, industry, and transportation. Thermal barrier coating (TBC) on engine parts has become more popular in recent years because it improves thermal and mechanical efficiency, reduces emissions, and saves fuel. In a similar way, biodiesel, which is safe and made from renewable sources of bioenergy, has been suggested as a good alternative to diesel. The present study aims to increase the efficiency of the diesel engine while simultaneously lowering emissions using a piston with a thermal barrier coating, engine operates on biodiesel blends, and a dosage of nano-additives to minimize emissions,. The engine efficiency of nano additives was found to be about 5.4% higher than that of base diesel, and with 6.5% better fuel consumption. Additionally, nano additives reduced carbon monoxide emissions in the range of 6.1–11% and hydrocarbon emissions in the range of 5.2–9.5%. The results were further analysed using the design of experiment tool to determine the influential parameters
The consequences of hot deformation and control cooling on the microstructure of medium carbon microalloyed steel � 38MnSiVS5 grade
Get PDFMedium carbon micro-alloyed steels are mostly being utilized in the application where quenched and tempered steels are needed for cost-productive processing. However, the impact toughness of microalloyed steels is inferior to that of quenching & tempered steels, which resist their use in critical applications. Conventional techniques are used for hardness enhancement of micro-alloyed steels due to reduction in carbon percentage, the addition of relevant chemical constituent such as titanium to achieve the reduction in the amount of pearlite and controlling the microstructure during thermomechanical processing, subsequently after cooling and forging. In this research work, the effect of hot deformation and control cooling temperature on the microstructure of medium carbon micro-alloyed steel 38MnSiVS5 was studied. Different approaches were performed to improve the impact toughness and hardness and found out that forced air cooling of the micro-alloyed steel 38MnSiVS5 forgings resulted in the finest microstructure and exhibiting a higher hardness of 45.93 R
A Prospective Review on Novel Strategies for Preparation and Evaluation of Nanosponge Tablets
Get PDFNanosponges are small sponges where they reach the target site and stick to that surface and initiate to release in a controlled manner they can also be loaded with the various types of medications. Drugs loaded with Nanosponges improves their dissolution rate, solubility, rate of release, stability, reduces the frequency of dosing and improves bioavailability. Nanosponges are mostly used in targeted drug delivery system. Drug delivery is the major problem faced in the pharmaceutical field from a long time by the invention of Nanosponge technology has become important step so that we can minimize some problems like poor solubility, poor stability and dosing frequency. The main advantage of this Nanosponge is it can be loaded by both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. The present review article is todiscuss about the general introduction, composition of Nanosponges, drugs loaded withNanosponges, different preparation techniques and evaluations methods for the Nanosponge tablets. Zeta potential, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, determination of percentage yield, particle size analysis, porosity, invitro dissolution studies and entrapment efficiency by these characterizations we can know the inclusion complexes formed in between drug and Nanosponges, mainly lansoprazole loaded Nanosponges characterization parameters and evaluations are presented in this article. Nanosponges can deliver the drug through various routes like oral, topical, aerosol and parenteral administration
Investigation of Cardioprotective Activity of Silybin: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Studies
Get PDFThe abundant health benefits of silybin are known to benefit people with myocardial infarction (MI). However, their mechanisms of action are not precise. To address this problem, network pharmacology was used to identify the various components that can be utilized to treat this condition, and an in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the cardioprotective effect in MI rats. Genes associated with silybin and MI targets were extracted, and overlapping genes between silybinassociated genes and MI targets were identified using Venn diagrams. Using Cytoscape, we built, visualized, and analyzed a network of compounds and genes with pathways. Proteinprotein interaction network (PPI), gene ontology (GO) function enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the core targets were performed to predict its mechanism. A molecular docking study assessed the affinity between silybin and the top three genes. ECG pattern, serum CK-MB, LDH, serum and heart tissue antioxidants, SOD and catalase in isoproterenol-induced MI rats were used to test the cardioprotective effect of silybin. Silybinrelated genes (114) and MI-related genes (1800) were identified, and 74 genes overlapped, in which the degrees of AKT1, TNF-α and IL-6 were higher than those of other targets are the disease target precisely. The enrichment of the gene set-based indicated that the PI3K-Akt, TNF-α, IL-17, VEGF, and HIF-1 signaling pathways were significantly involved in the mechanisms of silybin against MI. The QRS complex of the ECG of silybin-treated MI rats was restored to normal ECG and significantly increased serum (p<0.0001***) and heart tissue (p<0.0001***) SOD and serum (p<0.001**) and heart tissue (p<0.001**) catalase compared to MI rats. This study embodies the complex network relationship of multi-target and multiple pathways of silybin in the treatment of MI and provides a novel method for further research on the mechanism of silybin. It has been suggested that silybin alleviates the symptoms of MI by improving antioxidant levels through the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1 pathway
Dual synergistic inhibition of COX and LOX by potential chemicals from Indian daily spices investigated through detailed computational studies
Get PDFCyclooxygenase (COX) and Lipoxygenase (LOX) are essential enzymes for arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosanoids conversion. These AA-derived eicosanoids are essential for initiating immunological responses, causing infammation, and resolving infammation. Dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors are believed to be promising novel anti-infammatory agents. They inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), but have no efect on lipoxin formation. This mechanism of combined inhibition circumvents certain limitations for selective COX-2 inhibitors and spares the gastrointestinal mucosa. Natural products, i.e. spice chemicals and herbs, ofer an excellent opportunity for drug discovery. They have proven anti-infammatory properties. However, the potential of a molecule to be a lead/drug candidate can be much more enhanced if it has the property of inhibition in a dual mechanism. Synergistic activity is always a better option than the molecule’s normal biological activity. Herein, we have explored the dual COX/5-LOX inhibition property of the three major potent phytoconsituents (curcumin, capsaicin, and gingerol) from Indian spices using in silico tools and biophysical techniques in a quest to identify their probable inhibitory role as anti-infammatory agents. Results revealed the dual COX/5-LOX inhibitory potential of curcumin. Gingerol and capsaicin also revealed favorable results as dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors. Our results are substantiated by target similarity studies, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, energy calculations, DFT, and QSAR studies. In experimental inhibitory (in vitro) studies, curcumin exhibited the best dual inhibitory activities against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX enzymes. Capsaicin and gingerol also showed inhibitory potential against both COX and LOX enzymes. In view of the anti-infammatory potential these spice chemicals, this research could pave the way for more scientifc exploration in this area for drug discovery
Intelligent Controller Design and Fault Prediction Using Machine Learning Model
No full textIn a solar power plant, a solid phase transformer and an optimization coordinated controller are utilized to improve transient responsiveness. Transient stability issues in a contemporary electrical power system represent one of the difcult tasks for an electrical engineer due to the rise in uncertain renewable energy sources (RESs) as a result of the need for green energy. Tepotential for terminal voltage to be adversely impacted by this greater RES raises the possibility of electrical device damage. It is possible to use a solid state transformer (SST) or smart transformer to address a transient response issue. Tese devices are frequently employed to interact between RES and a power grid. SST features a variety of regulated converters to maintain the necessary voltage levels. Tis method can therefore simultaneously lessen power fuctuations and transient responsiveness. In order to improve the quality of RES power injections and the electrical system’s transient stability, this work provides a controller design for a solar photovoltaic (SPV) system that is connected to the grid by SST. Te optimization of a controller model is proposed by modifying a PI controller taken from a commercial one. With the use of IEEE 39 standard buses, the proposed controller is tested. When evaluating the efectiveness of a suggested controller, it is important to take into account a variety of solar radiation patterns as well as a time delay uncertainty that can range from 425 ms to 525 ms. According to simulation results, the proposed controller can be employed to lessen power fuctuation brought on by unpredictable RES. Additionally, the proposed coordinated regulation of SPV and SST can prevent catastrophic damage in the event of substantial disturbances like a circuit
breaker collapsing to expand a power line due to a fault by inhibiting signifcant voltage cycles within an electronic appliance’s rated voltage limit. Te results indicate that a transitory stability issue in a modern power system caused by an unforeseen increase in RES may be addressed utilizing the suggested controllers as alternative
Maximizing sustainable hydrogen and ZnO nanoparticles production from Goshala wastes with nanoparticles of ZnSO4 and NaBH4
No full textThe main objective of the present research is to create clean energy from Goshala waste in a sustainable way. Accordingly, the cogeneration of hydrogen fuel and zinc oxide nanoparticles from a sustainable Goshala waste of cow urine was tested. From this point of view, nano sodium tetrahydridoborate (nSTH) and nano zinc sulfate particles (nZS) were combined through a chemical reaction with cow urine to produce hydrogen. Consideration was given to cow urine that was 12 hr old and older by 12-hr steps. nZS concentration ranged from 0.2 g to 0.8 g with a 0.2 g step, while nSTH concentration ranged from 0.1 g to 0.4 g with a 0.1 g step. The range of pH values (3 to 12) was seen in goshala urine samples and their impact on hydrogen generation was also studied in the present paper. The novelty in this investigation not only optimizes (maximizes) the hydrogen production from the goshala waste but also produces and characterizes the ZnO nanoparticles as a byproduct. By using the combustion process, ZnO nanoparticles are produced from the residual solution after producing hydrogen. Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction studies were used to analyze the ZnO nanoparticles. According to the data, fresh cow urine (up to 12 hr old) produces 728 mL more hydrogen than aged (>12 hr old) urine when nanoparticle concentration was 0.8 g nZS and 0.4 g nSTH. The reaction for the production of hydrogen rate peaked at 237 mL/min within 2 min. The maximum removal efficiency was discovered at the same
concentration as its residue, which has a low total carbon content of 2041 mg/L, an organic carbon content of
1334 mg/L, a nitrogen content of 1911 mg/L, and a phosphorus content of 170 mg/L. The generation of hydrogen was high in urine with a pH range of 3 to 8. In the final, the present research reported that the waste cow urine can be converted into a hydrogen source with the support of nanoparticles in an effective way
An efficient steganography technique based on S2OA & DESAE model
Get PDFThis paper gives a novel and efficient steganography technique based on hybrid algorithms that improves the various important parameters like PSNR, MSE, IF, capacity, security. It increases the security of the confidential data by using the encryption
method and give improved quality of stego images with less error rate. This paper utilizes a grouping of wavelet domain & Salp Swarm based Optimization Algorithm (SSOA) and proposed embedding process for increasing the payload capacity. Initially,
the integer discrete wavelet transform is utilized to process the cover image and DWT to extract the hidden image accurately. Furthermore, an edge localization process is proposed to localize the edge region of detail bands efficiently, which can be done by SSO Algorithm. To enhance the quality of the stego pictures, a deep enhanced stacked auto encoder (DESAE) has been proposed. The evaluation result of this technique
achieves good image quality and high security. Also, it increases the payload capacity of the existing methods, which confirms the superiority of the proposed method compared to previous related techniqu