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CT Image Precise Denoising Model with Edge Based Segmentation with Labeled Pixel Extraction Using CNN Based Feature Extraction for Oral Cancer Detection
Get PDFOral cancer, the most prevalent form of head and neck cancer, calls for early detection to ensure better patient outcomes, reducing morbidity and mortality rates. This study explores
the application of computer vision and deep learning methods for photographic images in the oral cancer domain, investigating a two-stage pipeline for an automated system to identify oral potentially malignant abnormalities. Oral cancer staging, crucial for determining appropriate treatment and medication, often faces challenges due to noise levels in images that impact disease prediction accuracy. This research works with an image
dataset, enhancing image quality and performing denoising to improve accuracy levels. The study aims to evaluate the accuracy of an image enhancement and denoising model, resulting in quality images for extracting features for oral cancer detection. By segmenting the image using multiscale morphology methods, cell features can be extracted. The morphological edge detection method enables more precise extraction of target, cell area, perimeter, and other multi-dimensional features, followed by classification through Convolution Neural Networks (CNN). This research proposes a Precise Denoising Model with Edge-Based Segmentation for Labeled Pixel Extraction with Fixed Feature Set (PDM-ES-LPE-FFS) for relevant feature extraction. When compared with traditional models, the proposed model demonstrates superior performanc
Mango leaf disease classification using hybrid Coyote-Grey Wolf optimization tuned neural network model
Get PDFThe identifcation of diseases in plants contributes an important role in captivating disease control methods for the improvement of quality and quantity of crop yield. Mango trees are afected by diferent diseases and the identifcation of diseases is a tedious task till now when those diseases are manually detected. This paper proposes the novel hybrid Coyote Grey Wolf optimization (CO-GWO) algorithm for the classifcation of mango leaves as
normal or diseased. The classifcation process is done through the extraction of signifcant features from the segmented image. The Neural network (NN) classifer performs the classifcation task, with the weights being adjusted using the proposed algorithm that acts a major role in the enhancement of the classifcation accuracy. The efectiveness of the proposed model is evaluated concerning the evaluation metrics, namely accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 measure, and is attained to be 96.7111%, 97.5712%, 97.1504%, and 96.4792%, respectively. This shows the superiority of the proposed technique in the efective classifcation of mango leaf classifcation as compared with the existing technique
Enhancing service quality of rural public transport during the COVID-19 pandemic: a novel fuzzy approach
No full textIn order to encourage the use of public transportation, it is necessary to make it more appealing to commuters by conducting frequent Service Quality (SQ) evaluations and modifications. Understanding passengers’ expectations of public transportation
are important, and evaluating the SQ is an essential tool for assessing the overall performance of the public transportation system. The purpose of the present study was to examine the expectations and perceptions of core passengers regarding SQ
in public bus transportation. By surveying 598 passengers in rural public transportation in India, the study results are illustrated and further discussed to guide possible bus SQ improvements in rural areas. In addition, the impact of these expectations and perceptions on satisfaction levels of rural public bus transportation services are
explored by applying the Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy (IVPF). The outcomes of the survey indicated significant disparities among expectations and perceptions of passengers, as well as widespread dissatisfaction with the delivery of bus services in rural areas as a whole. The dependability and adaptiveness of the bus service have
been critical in describing the overall quality of bus services in rural areas, and best practices from around the world were used to develop a set of recommendations for transportation operators and local officials
Study of Heat and Mass Transfer in a Rotating Nanofluid Layer Under Gravity Modulation
Get PDFIn this paper we investigate the effect of gravity modulation and rotation on thermal instability in a horizontal layer of a nanofluid. Finite amplitudes have been derived using the minimal Fourier series expressions of physical variables in the presence of modulation and slow time. Here we incorporates the layer of nanofluid with effect of Brownian motion along with thermophoresis. Heat and mass transfer are evaluated in terms of finite amplitudes and calculated by Nusselt numbers for fluid and concentration. It is found that, gravity modulation and rotation can be used effectively to regulate heat and mass transfer. This modulation can be easily felt by shaking the layer vertically with sinusoidal manner. The numerical results are obtained for amplitude of modulation and presented graphically. It is found that rotation and frequency of modulation delays the rate of heat and mass transfer. This shows that a stabilizing nature of gravity modulation and rotation against a non rotating system. A comparison made between modulated and unmodulated and found that modulated system influence the stability problem than un modulated system. Similarly modulated system transfer more heat mass transfer than unmodulated case. Finally we have drawn streamlines and nanoparticle isotherms to show the convective phenomenon
A Comparison of Fuzzy Membership Numbers on the Convergence of Numerical Approaches to Solving Integro-Differential Equations
Get PDFIn this article examines the convergences stability of Variational Iteration Method (VIM) for solving Fuzzy Volterra Integro-Differential Equations (FVIDE) of second kind under the Seikkala derivative [13]. The advantage of the proposed method in this study compared with Adomian decomposition Method (ADM). The undefined variables are represented by membership values in trapezoids and triangles. The results of the two methods are compared to demonstrate the efficacy of fuzzy numbers in terms of increasing membership values
Estimation of biosorption characteristics of Chromium (VI) from aqueous and real tannery effluents by treated T. vulgaris: Experimental assessment and statistical modelling
No full textThe current study has focused on the removal proficiency of acid-treated brown marine algae Turbinaria vulgaris (T. vulgaris) for the removal of Cr (VI) from laboratory grade solution along with real tannery effluent. Surface morphology, elemental configuration, structural parameters and functional group identification of the acid-treated T. vulgaris were done through appropriate analysis. The optimized ranges of significant components for biosorption study were initial Cr (VI) ion concentration (20–100 mg.l−1), pH (1–3), biosorbent concentration (0.1–0.5 g.l−1) and temperature (283–323 K). The maximum removal percentage (90.08%) of Cr (VI) through biosorption by T. vulgaris is achieved at optimum conditions: pH 2.39, initial metal ion strength-19.85 mg.l−1, biosorbent quantity-0.26 g.l−1 and temperature-299.44 K. Characterisation of T. vulgaris was done before and after sorption study. The removal characteristics were validated through different isotherms and kinetic models towards the estimation of solute interaction and biosorption nature. The entire experimental results concluded that biosorption of Cr (VI) obeys pseudo second-order kinetics. Biosorption of Cr (VI) onto T. vulgaris follows Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.999), with maximum removal capability of 21.25 mg.g−1. Thus, acid-treated T. vulgaris could be an efficient biosorbent towards the removal of Cr (VI) from chromium containing waste effluent
Evolution of Nusselt Correlation for Recovery of Waste Heat from Industry Flue Gases using Quarry Dust and Iron Ore Particles
No full textProcess industries usually release significant temperature exit gases because of induced high energy inputs that are probably treated as secondary energy sources. Extensive saving in net energy demand is achievable only by retracing such waste heat. The purpose of the paper is to explain an empirical analysis of the interaction between solids and heated gas inside a vertical duct, which recovers the heat contained in the gas. Information related to the heat exchange sequences are noted since very little data are accessible in articles in this regard. Based on the findings, it is proposed a model for the Nusselt number (heat transfer coefficient). During the research, a cyclone and riser system used in the cement industry for many years was built to model the working of a suspension preheater. However, the research results may also apply to other industries where waste can recover heat
Improved Mass Transfer Coefficient in a simulated Electro Refining Cell due to the presence of Rectangular Turbulence Promoters
No full textIn electrochemical systems increased output can be achieved by increasing the current density which can be influenced by flow rate and the presence of turbulence promoters or vibrating the surface area etc. Rectangular turbulence promoters are positioned at the bottom of the simulated electro refining cell in this study and the generalised correlations have been computed from the limiting current data collected both at the cell wall and the cathode support plate
Ionic Mass Transfer at Point Electrodes Located at Cathode Support Plate in an Electrorefining Cell in Presence of Rectangular Turbulent Promoters
Get PDFCurrent density plays a major role in deciding the plant size, current efficiency, and energy consumption in electrorefining cells. In general, operating current density will be 40% of the limiting current density. Forced circulation of the electrolyte in the presence of promoters improves the mass transfer coefficient. In the present study, rectangular turbulence promoters are fitted at the bottom side of the cell to improve the mass transfer coefficient at the cathode support plate. The limiting current density technique is used to measure the mass transfer coefficient. The variables covered in the present study are the effects of flow rate, promoter height, and spacing among the promoters. The electrolyte consists of copper sulfate and sulphuric acid. At a regulated flow rate, the electrolyte is pumped from the recirculation tank to the cell through an intermediate overhead tank. The limiting current density increased with an increasing flow rate in the presence of promoters, and thus the overall mass transfer coefficient on the cathode support plate also improved. With an increase in the flow rate of the electrolyte from 6.67 × 10−6 to 153.33 m3/s, limiting current density increased from 356.8 to 488.8 A/m2 for spacing of 0.30 m, with a promoter height of 0.01 m. However, it is noteworthy that when the promoter height is increased from 0.01 to 0.07 m, the overall mass transfer coefficient is found to increase up to 60%, but with the further increase in the promoter height to 0.30 m the mass transfer coefficient starts to decrease. Therefore, the optimized cell parameters are established in this work. The current sustainable concept of employing rectangular turbulence promoters will bring benefits to any precious metal refining or electrowinning tank house electrolytes
India’s comparative advantage in fruits and vegetables
Get PDFIndia ranks second in production of fruits and vegetable in the world, after China. Nearly 15 and 11 per cent of the world's fruits and vegetables respectively were produced by India. Indian agricultural commodities occupied considerable share in the world market. The present study ascertained the comparative advantage of fruits and vegetables for a period of 2000-01 to 2020-21. Comparative advantage is calculated through the Balassa Index. Secondary data on fruits and vegetables exports of India and world, total merchandise export of India and world were collected for the above period. The secondary data was collected from FAO trade year books, APEDA, DGCIS, and www.fao.org. The results revealed that fruits namely mango and grapes and vegetables namely onion during the above period showed comparative advantage. Therefore, emphasis should be laid on increasing the production, productivity and export quality of those fruits and vegetable