ADDI
Not a member yet
47763 research outputs found
Sort by
Comparing developmental neural incongruency effects in reading and arithmetic among children: An ERP study
No full textAvailable online on 11th December, 2025.Although reading and arithmetic abilities are considered distinct academic skills, evidence of shared cognitive structures suggests that they may also involve shared brain functions. This study investigated neural incongruency effects between sentence reading and simple addition in primary school children using event-related potentials (ERPs). Sixty children from grades 1, 2 and 3 judged whether the meanings of Chinese sentences and arithmetic additions were correct or not. ERP maps including all electrodes were analysed using timepoint-to-timepoint TANOVA analysis with factors of incongruency, task and age. Behavioural responses were faster in the congruent than incongruent condition, especially for younger children; the age-related reduction in the incongruency effect was more pronounced in the arithmetic than the reading task. TANOVA showed incongruency main effects for the N400 (306–476 msec) that were similar for reading and arithmetic. Importantly, interaction effects of task and incongruency in the early N400 (242–326 msec) time range reflected faster incongruency effects for arithmetic compared to reading. Age did not modulate any of these effects, nor had a significant main effect on ERP. Microstate findings revealed that the N400 effect differed between reading and arithmetic in latency and topographic distribution. Taken together, the results suggest that incorrectness in both reading and arithmetic is reflected by N400 effects that indicate incongruency processing, but this activity differs between reading and arithmetic and starts earlier for arithmetic than reading. Overall, the present study underscores the need for a cross-domain approach to understanding the shared and distinct neurocognitive patterns of academic skills.This research was supported by the Collaborative Research Fund (C4054-17WF to C. McBride, PI) and the Theme-based Research Scheme (T44-410/21-N to U. Maurer, PC, C. McBride, PC) from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Research Grants Council
Infant Directed Speech Facilitates Vowel Category Discrimination in Pre-Verbal Infants
No full textPublished on 31st December, 2025.Compared to adult-directed speech (ADS), infant-directed speech (IDS) is acoustically exaggerated. It has been proposed that such exaggerations facilitate speech sound discrimination and phonetic learning in young infants. This proposal was tested here using an abstract mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm to assess 4- and 9-month-old infants’ and adults’ neural responses to a vowel contrast produced in IDS and ADS. In 4-month-olds, IDS stimuli elicited both a negative MMN and a positive mismatch response (MMR), but ADS stimuli elicited only an MMR, which is associated with acoustic change detection, typical for infants of this age who are still acquiring their native language's phonemic inventory. In 9-month-olds and adults, both IDS and ADS stimuli elicited MMN, associated with native phonemic processing. The 9-month-olds also generated an MMR for IDS. These results suggest that for 4-month-olds, for whom speech processing is predominantly acoustic/phonetic, the heightened acoustic variability and phonetic saliency in IDS, compared to ADS, augments vowel discrimination, whereas for 9-month-olds, their additional phonemic processing affords vowel discrimination in both augmented (IDS) and non-augmented (ADS) speech contexts. This neural level evidence is consistent with the perceptual attunement argument that early language-general acoustic/phonetic speech processing gives way to a more abstract form of phonemic speech processing as a function of experience in a specific language environment, and also demonstrates that the properties of IDS may facilitate this developmental transition during infants’ first year of life.This work was partially supported by the Transdisciplinary and New Initiatives Grants from ARC Centre of Excellence in Dynamics of Language. MK's work is supported by the Basque Government through the BERC 2022-2025 program, by the Spanish State Research Agency through BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation CEX2020-001010/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and the Ramon y Cajal Research Fellowship, RYC2018-024284-I
Early Modern Creole and Iberian Ceramics in Cape Verde: Non-Destructive pXRF Analysis of 16th–18th Century Pottery from Santiago Island
No full textArchaeological research on Santiago Island (Cape Verde) offers a strategic framework for investigating ceramic material culture shaped by Iberian and African interactions during the early modern period. This study presents first-stage results from a non-destructive archaeometric analysis of pottery fragments recovered from early colonial sites and curated at the Museu de Arqueologia in Praia. Using portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (pXRF), low-fired, handmade vessels associated with African technological traditions were analysed to determine their elemental composition and potential provenance. The work also focused on sugar moulds, containers used in the refining of this product, one of the most important in Atlantic colonisation. The resulting geochemical data is compared with established reference groups from the Iberian Peninsula, Atlantic Africa, and Macaronesia. Elemental variability indicates the use of diverse clay sources and production techniques, reflecting hybrid technological practices shaped by cultural interaction and provisioning constraints. These results contribute to ongoing research within the CERIBAM (Iberian Atlantic Expansion in North Africa and Macaronesia) and Palarq-funded projects, which aim to reconstruct early colonial ceramic networks and sociotechnical dynamics. By integrating archaeometric data with archaeological and historical perspectives, this study aims to demonstrate the utility of non-invasive analytical protocols for understanding ceramic technology, intercultural exchange, and Atlantic material connectivity in early Creole formations while preserving the integrity of the collections.This research was conducted within the framework of the projects CERIBAM1 and CERIBAM2—Archaeology and Archaeometry of Iberian Expansionism in the Atlantic and Macaronesian Islands and the Americas (15th–16th Centuries): Ceramics, Technology, and Trade (PID2020-113198GB-I00 and PID2024-155871NB-I00), funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “A way of making Europe”, and Archaeology and Heritage in Cape Verde: Ribeira Grande (15th-18th Centuries) (FP23/47), funded by the Fundación Palarq
Barometroa 2025. Atzerritar jatorriko biztanleen inguruko pertzepzioak eta jarrerak EAEn
No full text190 pTxosten hau ibilbide baten inguruan egituratuta dago, eta euskal gizarteak immigrazioa nola hautematen duen eta harekin nola lotzen den ulertzeko aukera ematen du. Lehenik eta behin, atzerritar jatorriko etorkinek Euskadin duten presentziari eta bolumenari buruzko pertzepzioa aztertzen da, immigrazioarekiko jarrera orokorrak testuinguruan kokatzeko abiapuntua baita. Ondoren, migrazio-politikak jorratuko dira —bai sartzeari eta bertan geratzeari buruzkoak, bai nazioarteko babesari eta adingabe eta gazte atzerritarrei arreta emateari buruzkoak—, bai eta biztanleria horrek eskubideak eta zerbitzuak eskuratzeari buruzkoak ere. Barometroak immigrazioak euskal gizartean dituen ondorioak aztertzen jarraitzen du, zenbait dimentsio kontuan hartuta, hala nola ongizatea, ekonomia eta kultura-identitatea. Jarraian, bizikidetza-ereduetan eta kultura-joeretan sakontzen da, integrazioaren eta gizarte-kohesioaren ikuspegian eragina duten euskal kidetasunaren eta identitatearen irizpideekin batera. Halaber, hautemandako distantzia eta kontaktu sozialaren mailak aztertzen dira, arreta berezia jarriz eguneroko harreman-espazioetan eta bizikidetza-giroan, horiek funtsezkoak baitira taldeen arteko dinamikak ulertzeko. Azkenik, atzerritar jatorriko pertsonekiko sinpatiamaila, estereotipoak eta aurreiritziak aztertzen dira, eta, amaitzeko, Irekiera Indizea aurkezten da; hau da, euskal gizarteak immigrazioarekiko denboran zehar izan dituen jarrera orokorrak alderatzeko eta ebaluatzeko aukera ematen duen adierazle sintetikoa
Beyond intentions and institutions: Could cooperatives foster eco-innovation in the service sector?
Full text linkEco-innovation, defined as innovation that reduces environmental impacts, has gained prominence in sustainability research. However, research rarely integrates the
service sector and cooperatives, leaving a gap in understanding how this governance interacts with sector-specific dynamics. This study addresses this gap by
analyzing the drivers, constraints, and outcomes of eco-innovation in service firms in the Basque Country (Spain), focusing on cooperatives. Using data from the 2022
Innovation Survey, and grounded in environmental innovation theory, probit models are estimated for twelve types of environmental benefits. Findings reveal that
cooperatives are more likely to engage in eco-innovation, particularly in CO2 reduction and end-user recycling, but underperform in capital-intensive areas such as
biodiversity conservation and product life extension. Public policy instruments—especially environmental taxes, subsidies, and public procurement—emerge as the
most effective drivers, while current regulation shows limited influence. Internal motivations such as voluntary commitment and cost-saving are linked to fewer
environmental benefits, suggesting a disconnect between intent and implementation capacity. Cooperatives face greater financial constraints but can play a key role
in promoting eco-innovations difficult for public institutions to support. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of eco-innovation by integrating
organizational form and sectoral context. They also offer insights for policymakers aiming to promote sustainable innovation in service-based economies, highlighting
the strategic role of cooperatives and the leverage of anticipatory regulation and public procurement. The study underscores the need for differentiated
policy approaches and calls for further research into the interplay between internal motivations, organizational structure, and eco-innovation outcomes.University of the Basque Country. Research grant number GIU21/011. ‘Policy Coherence for Development and International Cooperation’ Research Group.
The authors would like to thank the Basque Institute of Statistics (Eustat) for its support in providing microdata. They would also like to thank the research group ‘Innovation, People and Responsible Organisations Management’ (GIC21/168)
La automarginación del Consejo de Seguridad en la lucha armada contra el terrorismo internacional
No full textAunque los Estados que han emprendido acciones armadas contra grupos terroristas se han amparado fundamentalmente en el supuesto derecho a la legítima defensa contra actores no estatales o la intervención por invitación, el Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas también ha autorizado el uso de la fuerza contra el terrorismo internacional en algunos casos. En este artículo, a través del estudio de las diferentes resoluciones que autorizan el uso de la fuerza en este supuesto, se determina la actitud del Consejo de Seguridad en lo que respecta a la lucha militar antiterrorista. Así, se concluye que el órgano decidió automarginarse en este aspecto. Esta actitud tiene efectos muy nocivos para el órgano, la lucha antiterrorista y el conjunto del derecho internacional
Partial privatization and the degree of corporate social responsibility of private investors
No full textA significant issue for study is what type of private investor governments should sell public firms to: those who care about corporate social responsibility (CSR) or those who are profit-maximizers. To analyze this issue we measure CSR concern through consumer surplus and consider a market in which a private and a public firm compete. We find that the decision taken by the government crucially depends on the social concern of the rival private firm. When that firm cares about CSR, selling part of the public firm to socially concerned private investors is no worse than selling to profit-maximizing investors. However, when the private firm maximizes profits the opposite result is obtained. In addition, from a social welfare viewpoint, when social concern is not high it is desirable for all private investors to engage in CSR. Otherwise, it is preferable for them not to care about society.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (grant number PID2019-105291 GB-I00 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033); the Basque Government (grant number IT1461-22); and Grupos UPV/EHU (grant number GIU23/013)
Implementing Temporal Sampling Theory Through Rhythmic-Melodic Activities in Preschool: A Motor-Rhythm Based Intervention to Enhance Language Skills
Full text linkPublished on 8th January, 2026.The sensory-neural temporal sampling (TS) theory of language acquisition emphasizes the role of individual differences in speech rhythm processing. According to this theory, neural oscillations track loudness or amplitude modulation (AM) patterns—rhythmic fluctuations in speech intensity or energy—across multiple timescales. These nested AM rhythms, which occur universally across languages, support the parsing of stress patterns, syllables, and onset-rime units. Accurate tracking of these rhythms facilitates linguistic comprehension. Although rhythm-based language interventions that align motor and oral rhythms have shown benefits, existing approaches have not systematically targeted the full hierarchy of nested AM rhythms. The present intervention, developed in Spanish, is structured around musical meter, which organizes smaller nested units across multiple timescales. A series of motor activities that should indirectly engage multiple AM timescales are proposed, aimed at enhancing language development. The intervention is highly engaging and is explained in detail, along with predicted music-language enhancements within the framework of TS theory.Research carried out with the Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators 2023 from the BBVA Foundation (awarded to M.L.; LEO23-2-10134). The BBVA Foundation is not responsible for the opinions, comments, and contents included in the project and/or the results derived from it, which are the sole and exclusive responsibility of the authors
SERRA RIERA, Martí, La formación del movimiento ecologista en Euskadi. Movilizaciones, debates y experiencias personales (1972-1989), Editorial de la Universidad de Granada, Granada, 2025, 297 pp
No full textLa promoción de la memoria de la guerra de la independencia durante el sexenio absolutista (1814-1820) en Cataluña
No full textKatalunian Seiurteko Absolutistan (1814-1820) zehar Independentzia Gerrako memo-riaren sustapena jorratzen du artikulu honek, eta, horretarako, hiru hiritan egindako omenaldiak, kro-nikak eta aitorpenak aztertzen ditu: Tarragonan, Gironan eta Bartzelonan. Memoria politikarik izan ote zen eta monarkia zenbateraino izan zen haren sustatzaile nagusi argitu nahi du testuak. Horrez gain, udalek izandako eginkizuna aztertzen du, eta prozesu horretan parte hartzea sustatu ahal izan zu-ten interesak zein izan zitezkeen planteatzen du.; This article tries to address the promotion of the memory of the Peninsular War in Catalonia during the Sexenio Absolutista through the study of the acts of tribute, chronicles and recognitions carried out in three cities: Tarragona, Girona and Barcelona. The text aims to estab-lish whether there was a policy of memory and to what extent the monarchy was its main promoter. In addition, the role played by the municipalities is analyzed and the possible interests that could encourage their participation in this process are raised.; El presente artículo aborda la promoción de la memoria de la Guerra de la Indepen-dencia en Cataluña durante el Sexenio Absolutista (1814-1820) mediante el estudio de los actos de homenaje, crónicas y reconocimientos llevados a cabo en tres ciudades: Tarragona, Gerona y Bar-celona. El texto pretende establecer si existió una política de memoria y hasta qué punto la monar-quía fue su principal promotora. Además, se analiza el papel jugado por los ayuntamientos y se plantean los posibles intereses que pudieron incentivar su participación en dicho proceso