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Gastrostomiaren zainketarako osasun-programa baten diseinua: gastrostomiadun haurren gurasoei bideratua
Get PDFSARRERA: Gastrostomia, sabelaldea urdailarekin zuzenean konektatzeko bide bat sortzean datza, ahotik behar bezala elikatu ezin direnentzat, elikagaiak edota botikak administratzeko. Gastrostomia ezinbesteko tresna da behar konplexuak dituzten haurren nutrizio-ongizatea bermatzeko. Nahiz pediatrian maiz erabiltzen den prozedura segurua izan, konplikazio batzuk ere izan ditzake ezarpenaren osteko zainketa egokia ematen ez bada. Azken urteetan paziente pediatriko kronikoen prebalentzian gorakada nabarmena izan da, haurren heriotza-tasa murriztu eta haurren biziraupena areagotu izanaren ondorioz. Amerikako Nutrizio Parenteral eta Enteraleko Elkarteak (ASPEN) nabarmendu du familiek goi-hezkuntza jaso behar dutela etxean nutrizio segurua bermatzeko.
HELBURUA: Gastrostomia duten Gipuzkoako haurren familiei, gastrostomiari buruzko ezagutzak eta eman beharreko zainketa egokiak lantzeko eta barneratzeko ebidentzian oinarritutako Osasun Hezkuntza Programa bat diseinatzea.
METODOLOGIA: “Gastrostomia duten haurren familientzako osasun hezkuntza programa batean zein metodologia da eraginkorrena?” galdera PIO egituran barneratu ostean, deskriptoreak definitu dira. Operadore bolearrak erabiliz, bilaketa-kate egokia ezarri da, PubMed, Dialnet, Cochrane eta Biblioteca Virtual de la Salud datu-baseetan beharrezko bilaketak egiteko. 6 artikulu aztertu dira, ebidentzian oinarritutako osasun-hezkuntza programa diseinatu ahal izateko. Horrez gain, programaren metodologia diseinatzeko osasun hezkuntzarako erreferentziazko eskuliburuak erabili dira.
PLANGINTZA: Lehenik, talde dianak lortu beharreko helburu orokorra zehaztu da, ondoren hezituek lortu beharreko helburu pedagogiko espezifikoak ezarri ahal izateko. Ebidentziak dionari jarraituz, diseinatutako programa 4-5 pertsonaz osatutako 90-120 minutu inguruko 4 saioz osatuta dago eta ezarritako helburu espezifikoak barneratzeko, erreferentziazko eskuliburuetan datozen eta programara egokitzen diren metodologia dinamikoak proposatu dira. Ebaluazioa dela eta, saioetan zehar osasun-agenteak, egindako prozedurak eta eskuratutako gaitasunak ebaluatuko ditu, amaieran aldiz erabilitako baliabide material eta didaktikoak, saioen iraupena, ordutegia eta espazioa ebaluatuko dituzte, bai hezituek baita osasun-agenteak ere.
EKARPEN PERTSONALA: Lanak ekarpen handia egin diezaioke haur kronikoak eta beraien familiak artatzeko moduari, frogatu baita talde osasun-hezkuntzak pertsonak ahalduntzen dituela, pertsonen zainketa gaitasuna eta arazoen erresoluzioa handituz eta berdinen arteko erlazioak aberastuz
Diseño de un nodo de comunicación Spacewire implementado en tecnología Nanoexplore
No full textEste Trabajo de Fin de Máster se ha realizado en el grupo de investigación APERT en colaboración con la empresa SoC-e. En él, se realiza el diseño de un nodo de comunicación SpaceWire implementado en tecnología NanoXplore. El proyecto se centra en la utilización de tecnología europea y un procesador RISC-V. Se comienza presentando el estado del arte. Luego se diseña la parte del hardware, se programa la parte del software y se verifica su funcionamiento. Finalmente, se realiza la validación del nodo utilizando las herramientas de test indicadas para ello.Master amaierako lan hau APERT ikerketa-taldean egin da, SoC-e enpresarekin lankidetzan. Bertan, SpaceWire komunikazio-nodo baten diseinua egiten da NanoXplore teknologian inplementatuta. Proiektuaren ardatza Europako teknologia eta RISC-V prozesadore bat erabiltzea da. Artearen egoera aurkezten hasten da. Ondoren, hardwarea diseinatzen da, softwarea programatzen da eta haren funtzionamendua egiaztatzen da. Azkenik, nodoa baliozkotzen da, horretarako adierazitako test-tresnak erabilita.This Master's thesis has been carried out in the APERT research group in collaboration with the company SoC-e. In it, a design of a SpaceWire communication node implemented in NanoXplore technology is carried out. The project focuses on the use of European technology and a RISC-V processor. It starts by presenting the state of the art. Then the hardware is designed, the software is programmed and its operation is verified. Finally, the validation of the node is performed using the test tools indicated for this purpose
Endotelio baskularraren hazkuntza-faktorearen (VEGF) jariapenarekin eta birprogramazio metabolikoarekin loturiko bidezidorren analisia
No full text[EU] Egun, minbizia mundu mailako heriotza-kausa nagusienetako bat da. Azken urteotan minbiziaren sorreran onddoek duten inplikazioa aztertzen duten ikerketa kopurua nabarmen hazi da, eta garrantzitsuenetariko bat Candida albicans da. Aurretiaz, MicrobiomicsEHU ikerketa taldean C. albicans-ek melanoma zelulen fenotipo gaiztoa eta MAPK eta HIF-1 seinalizazio bidezidorrekin loturiko hainbat generen gainadierazpena bultzatzen zuela ikusi zen. Hemendik abiatuta, Master Amaierako Lan honen helburua C. albicans-ek melanoma zeluletan eragiten dituen aldaketen azterketan sakontzea izan da. Horretarako, C. albicans melanoma zelulekin ko-inkubatzean onddoak melanoma zeluletan aktibatzen dituen bidezidorrak analizatu ziren, inhibitzaile molekularrez baliatuz. Zelulen VEGF molekula proangiogenikoaren jariapena ELISA bitartez analizatu zen, eta hainbat proteina zein generen adierazpenak Western blot eta qPCR bidez aztertu ziren. Lortutako emaitzetan bizirik zeuden C. albicans-ek VEGF-ren jariapena eta AP-1 transkripzio faktorea osatu dezakeen c-Fos-en adierazpena bortizki bultzatzen zutela erakutsi zuten. Erantzunarekin hasteko, melanoma zelulek onddoa TLR eta EphA2 bitartez ezagutu dezaketela ikusi zen, VEGF-ren eta c-Fos-en gainean eragin zuzena dutenak, hurrenez hurren. Gainera, bidezidor metabolikoei dagokienez, VEGF-ren sintesia eta c-Fos-en adierazpena p38 eta HIF-1 bidezidorren bitartez aktibatzen direla deskribatu zen. AP-1-en gainontzeko osagaiak aztertzean, aipaturiko bi bidezidorrek Atf3, Jun, eta Jund-ren adierazpenak erregulatu ditzaketela zehaztu zen, gehien bat Jund-rena. Azkenik, birprogramazio metabolikoarekin loturiko emaitzek Hk2, Slc2a1, eta Eno2 geneak onddoaren presentzian soilik p38 bidezidorretik erregulatu daitezkeela erakutsi zuten, HIF-1 bidezidorrak ez baitzuen eraginik erakutsi. Osotasunean, melanoma zeluletan, C. albicans-en presentzian, ingurune proangiogenikoa sortzeko eta birprogramazio metabolikoa gertatzeko MAPK/p38/c-Fos/AP-1 eta HIF-1/c-Fos/AP-1 garrantzitsuak dira. Ondorioz, lan honetan lortutako emaitzek Candida albicans-ek melanoma zeluletan izan dezakeen eragina argitzen lagundu du eta, horrek etorkizunean C. albicans-en ondorioz sortutako edo larriagotutako melanoma kasuentzako terapia eta tratamendu berriak garatzea ahalbidetu lezake.[EN] Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, the number of studies investigating the involvement of fungi in carcinogenesis has significantly increased, and one of the most important ones is Candida albicans. Previously, the MicrobiomicsEHU research group observed that C. albicans promotes the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells and the overexpression of various genes related to the MAPK and HIF-1 signalling pathways. Based on this, the aim of this Master's Thesis was to delve deeper into the study of the changes induced by C. albicans in melanoma cells. To this end, the signalling pathways activated by the fungus in melanoma cells during co-incubation were analysed using molecular inhibitors. The secretion of the proangiogenic molecule VEGF by the cells was analysed using ELISA, and the expression of various proteins and genes were examined through Western blot and qPCR. The results showed that viable C. albicans strongly promoted VEGF secretion and the expression of c-Fos, a component of the AP-1 transcription factor. The initial response suggested that melanoma cells recognize the fungus through TLR and EphA2, which directly influence VEGF and c-Fos, respectively. Additionally, regarding metabolic pathways, it was described that VEGF synthesis and c-Fos expression are activated via p38 and HIF-1 pathways. When analysing the other possible components of AP-1, it was determined that these two pathways can regulate the expression of Atf3, Jun, and Jund, with Jund being the most prominent. Finally, the results related to metabolic reprogramming indicated that the genes Hk2, Slc2a1, and Eno2 can be regulated by the p38 pathway in the presence of the fungus. Overall, in melanoma cells, in the presence of C. albicans, MAPK/p38/c-Fos/AP-1 and HIF-1/HIF-1α/c-Fos/AP-1 pathways are important for creating a proangiogenic environment and for metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, the findings obtained in this work help to clarify the impact that Candida albicans may have on melanoma cells, which in the future could potentially enable the development of new therapies and treatments for melanoma cases caused or worsened by C. albicans
Structural and magnetic properties of high magnetization FexCo100-x nanoparticles investigated at the nanoscale: Unveiling the origin of the observed anisotropy
No full textIn this work the authors have performed the synthesis of FexCo100-x (0<x<100) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) with different compositions, as well as pure Fe and Co NPs for comparison, by a chemical reduction technique. The subsequent characterization demonstrated excellent quality NPs with the expected bcc cubic (for Fe and FeCo alloys) and hcp hexagonal (for Co NPs) structures showing a room temperature magnetization as high as 235 emu/g for the Fe66Co34 composition alloy. Nevertheless, this soft magnetic character is accompanied by determined values of effective anisotropy as high as 2 MJ/m3. Aiming to deep into the properties of these FeCo alloys as well as to unveil the origin of that observed high anisotropy value, we now present an extensive study at the nanoscale of the synthesized Fe, Co and FexCo100-x alloy nanoparticles by using nuclear techniques as neutron powder diffraction, EXAFS and XANES spectroscopies. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed that the FeCo alloys are in an A2 disordered solid solution. The obtained results, combined with AFM/MFM images, have demonstrated that despite the cubic bcc structure observed for all FeCo alloys (in excellent concordance with the pure Fe one) the NPs show a "flaky" shape of 50–60 nm size (diameter) but only 3–4 nm thickness, giving rise to a strong shape anisotropy contribution to the observed total effective anisotropy.J. Gutiérrez and M. Insausti gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Basque Government under Research Groups Programme (IT1479-22 and IT1546-22, respectively) projects and research project MMASINT (KK-2023/00041, Elkartek Program). J. Gutiérrez, J. Alonso and M. Insausti also want to acknowledge grants No. PID2022–138108OB-C33, PID2020–115704RB-C3 and PID2022–136993OB-I00, respectively, funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, by the “European Union” or by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”. The Authors acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science Innovation and Universities as well as SpINS for the beam time allocation at D1B instrument at ILL (Grenoble, France), and the financial support of CERIC for the experiment at the LISA beamline (codes 08011082 and 20212115). Technical and human support provided by the General Research Services of the UPV/EHU (SGIker) is gratefully acknowledged
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and multivariate aata analysis applied to in-line sorting of brominated plastics from waste electric and electronic equipment
No full textThe presence of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) in consumer products such as electrical and electronic equipment represents a major obstacle for the recycling of the materials they contain at their end-of-life. Current technologies applied to recover plastics from waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) struggle to meet the requirements from recyclers regarding restrictions on some of these POPs, mainly brominated flame retardant (BFR) content. In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique combined with partial least squares regression (PLSR) was investigated for the real-time classification of WEEE plastics based on their total bromine (Br) content, in order to foster their reintroduction into the market as secondary raw materials. With this aim, a classification method was trained and tested in a sorting prototype using mixed plastic samples from TV set and computer monitor housings containing an average of 1.34% of Br. Regardless of polymer colour and type, up to 56% of the tested material could be segregated into a single fraction with a final Br concentration of 1,280 mg/kg. The achieved values met the requirements established in the CENELEC EN 50625 series of standards for the depollution of BFRs (< 2,000 mg/kg of Br) and the concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was estimated to be 213 mg/kg. These findings demonstrate the potential of the LIBS technique together with multivariate data analysis to ensure WEEE plastic sorting and depollution compliance with current regulations, reducing disposal rates and ultimately contributing to its circularity.his research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 820477
Mentalidad resolutiva en ventas: Potenciando el desempeño en ferias comerciales
No full textJEL: M10, M31[EN] A significant advantage in a constantly evolving trade fair environment is the bricoleur mind set. This is particularly relevant for a company deserving to participate in a trade fair but face challenges such as intense competition, resource allocation problems, and the need for adaptability. This research investigates the impact of bricoleur behaviour and problem-solving confidence on exhibitor performance at trade fairs offering valuable information about the dynamics of salespeople behaviour on a trade fair environment and the impact on the performance of company’s trade fair participation. Therefore, the study addresses the gap in the literature regarding the bricoleur behaviour of salespeople at trade fairs, investigating how they creatively use available resources to navigate the complexity of these events and improve their performance. Grounded in the Bricolage and Stressor Event theories, the study explores the swift and effective adaptation required at trade fairs, offering managerial insights and directions for future research. The study adopts a quantitative approach, by examining a sample of 304 Portuguese and Kosovar companies by a covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). The study results confirm the importance of bricoleur behaviour and confidence in problem-solving for exhibitor performance at trade fairs. The findings align with supporting theories, and the integrated approach of these skills culminates in a “bricolage thinking”, which is essential for navigating complex and high-pressure environments such as trade fairs, thereby contributing to the overall success of these business platforms.[ES] Una ventaja significativa en un entorno de feria comercial en constante evolución es la mentalidad resolutiva. Esto es especialmente relevante para empresas que, pese a merecer participar en ferias comerciales, enfrentan desafíos como la competencia intensa, problemas de recursos y la necesidad de adaptabilidad. Esta investigación analiza cómo el comportamiento resolutivo y la confianza en la resolución de problemas afectan el desempeño de los expositores, aportando información valiosa sobre la dinámica de los vendedores en estos entornos y su impacto en el éxito empresarial. Por lo tanto, el estudio aborda la brecha en la literatura sobre el comportamiento resolutivo de los vendedores en ferias comerciales, investigando cómo utilizan creativamente los recursos disponibles para navegar por la complejidad de estos eventos y mejorar su desempeño. Fundamentado en las teorías de Resolutivo y Eventos Estresantes, el estudio explora la adaptación rápida y efectiva requerida en ferias comerciales, ofreciendo ideas de gestión y direcciones para investigaciones futuras. El estudio adopta un enfoque cuantitativo, examinando una muestra de 304 empresas portuguesas y kosovares mediante un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales basado en Covarianza (CB-SEM). Los resultados del estudio confirman la importancia del comportamiento resolutivo y la confianza en la resolución de problemas para el desempeño de los expositores en ferias comerciales. Los hallazgos se alinean con las teorías de apoyo, y el enfoque integrado de estas habilidades culmina en un «pensamiento resolutivo», esencial para navegar en entornos complejos y de alta presión como las ferias comerciales, contribuyendo así al éxito general de estas plataformas empresariales.The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the Centre for Organisational and Social Studies of the Poly-technic Institute of Porto (CEOS.PP) for the support provided throughout this research. The authors also extend our apprecia-tion to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions, which have greatly contributed to the improvement of this article. This work is financed by Portuguese national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, under the project UIDB/05422/2020
Más allá del deporte. La Copa del Mundo de la FIFA de 1982 en el Foreign Office
No full textEl fútbol ha tenido una gran relevancia a nivel social y económico que no ha cesado de crecer en el último siglo, convirtiéndolo en un agente influyente en las relaciones internacionales. Los campeonatos futbolísticos son un claro ejemplo de cómo el deporte, la política, la economía y la política exterior de los Estados confluyen en el área deportiva. Un ejemplo de esto es la Copa del Mundo de la FIFA de 1982 celebrada en España, un evento deportivo de importante trascendencia para el país organizador ya que fue una oportunidad de mostrar una imagen moderna y democrática de España; sin embargo, también se convirtió en un factor político determinante para otros países participantes como Reino Unido. En este mega-evento convergieron problemas internos y exteriores británicos que pudieron afectar de forma negativa a las relaciones bilaterales con España que se encontraban en un momento crucial para resolver el contencioso de Gibraltar
Persistence in China’s household consumption level: Implications for the new growth model
No full textIn this paper, we investigate the statistical features of China’s household consumption level by calculating its degree of persistence and testing for the existence of trends in the data. Further, we contrast the results obtained in China with those corresponding to the G7 economies and in the other three countries that make up the fastest developing BRICs group, that is, Brazil, Russia and India. Our results show large degrees of heterogeneity depending on the country and the model used for the analysis though, in general, lower degrees of dependence and thus, more evidence of transitory shocks is observed in China and the rest of BRIC economies than in the G7 countries
Nola erabiltzen da Wikipedia eta Txikipedia Lehen Hezkuntzan? Ikasleen pertzepzioak
No full text46 p. -- Bibliogr.: p. 29-33Lan honek Wikipedia eta Txikipediaren erabilera aztertzen du Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako ikasleen artean. Horretarako, galdera itxiez eta irekiez osatutako galdetegia banatu zitzaien Getxoko ikastetxe publiko bateko 64 ikasleri. Parte-hartzaile gehienek tresna baliotsutzat jotzen dituzte, baina edukia sortzeko erabilera mugatua da. Azterlanaren arabera, baliabide horiek ahalmen pedagogiko handia dute gaitasun digitalak, pentsamendu kritikoa eta informazio-alfabetatzea lantzeko, nahiz eta ikasgelan hobeto integratzea eskatzen den. Horri erantzuna eman nahian, Natura Zientzetako irakasgaian Wikipedia eta Txikipedia integratzeko bi proposamen didaktiko diseinatu dira
Bootstrap ez-parametrikoa algoritmoen errendimenduaren konparaketarako estatistika bayestarraren alternatiba gisa
Get PDFAdimen artifiziala eremu ia gehienetan txertatzen ari den garai honetan, ezinbestekoa da erabiltzen ditugun algoritmoen errendimenduen konparaketak egitea. Sarritan, algoritmo baten bitartez lortutako emaitzak erabilitako datuen izaeraren eta algoritmoen estokastizitatearen arabera aldakorrak dira, eta horrek konparaketa zailtzen du. Testuinguru horretan, beraz, algoritmoen arteko konparaketa egitean, lortutako ziurgabetasunaren kuantifikazioa alderdi garrantzitsua da, baina gehienetan ez zaio nahikoa garrantzi ematen. Izan ere, ziurgabetasunaren kuantifikaziorako urteetan zehar erabili diren estatistika frekuentistako hipotesi-probek gabezia nabariak dituzte arlo honetan. Alternatiba gisa, estatistika bayestarra da soluziorik onartuena gaur egun, baina badira beste metodo batzuk oraindik esploratu ez direnak. Artikulu honetan, ziurgabetasuna azaltzeko, bootstrap ez-parametrikoaren erabilera aztertuko dugu, eta metodo horren portaera estatistika bayestarrarekin alderatu eta antzekotasunak eta desberdintasunak agerian jarriko ditugu.; In times where artificial intelligence is being incorporated into almost all application domains, it is essential to make comparisons between the results of the algorithms we use. In these comparisons, the quantification of the uncertainty of the results obtained is an important aspect, but it is generally not given sufficient importance. In fact, the frequentist statistical tests that have been used over the years have obvious shortcomings in this regard. As an alternative, Bayesian statistics is the most widely accepted solution today, but there are other methods that have not yet been explored in depth. In this article we will examine the use of non-parametric bootstrap to illustrate this uncertainty, and we will compare the behavior of this method with that of Bayesian statistics, underlining the similarities and differences