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Imagen texto y peritexto: elementos característicos en 11 libros álbum destinados al fomento de la lectura en estudiantes de 9 a 13 años
No full text326 p.El presente estudio doctoral considera la relevancia del libro álbum para el fomento de la lectura. Su objetivo general es examinar la presencia e interacción de texto, imagen y peritexto como elementos característicos en 11 libros álbum recomendados para el fomento de la lectura literaria en lectores de 9 a 13 años. Su marco teórico se fundamenta en los elementos peritextuales del soporte que aportan contenido al lector, el lenguaje textual que se manifiestan en toda narración, en los elementos de la imagen como parte de la narración y en la relación entre texto e imagen. El diseño metodológico se remite a la aplicación del paradigma cualitativo apoyado en la técnica de una investigación documental cuyo análisis de contenido se desarrolló en dos niveles. El primero es un análisis descriptivo de 11 libros álbum recomendados para el fomento de la lectura literaria en lectores de 9 a 13 años y el segundo es un análisis interpretativo de tres elementos característicos del libro álbum: soporte como espacio peritextual, texto como elemento en la construcción narrativa y la imagen como elemento narrativo. Como conclusión general se resalta la riqueza del libro álbum como una nueva forma de producir lectura literaria no tradicional para lectores entre 9 y 13 años. Se subraya la importancia de los elementos estudiados, dado que aportan a la lectura en pro de una apropiación en la comprensión y de un papel activo del lector
Sexualidad y violencias sexuales: marco teórico y pautas de intervención con las víctimas
No full text142 p.La violencia sexual es una realidad hiperpresente, nadie se puede escapar de ella porque forma parte del aire que respiramos, pasa desapercibida porque en nuestra cultura se encuentra naturalizada y erotizada. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), una de cada 3 mujeres en el mundo sufre violencia física o sexual en su vida (mayoritariamente ejercida por parejas o por conocidos). Solo el 10% de las víctimas denuncia la agresión por miedo, estigma o desconfianza en los sistemas judiciales. Cada hora, 5 mujeres son asesinadas por un familiar, feminicidios vinculados a la violencia sexual. Este documento explora la violencia sexual desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar, analizando sus raíces históricas, sus manifestaciones actuales y las estrategias para su intervención y prevención. Un hilo invisible recorre los cinco módulos que se presentan: el intento de sacar a la luz la violencia sexual presente en nuestra cultura, así como los efectos devastadores y traumáticos que dicha violencia produce a nivel personal y social. Una vez reconocida dicha violencia y sus efectos, daremos un segundo paso: la terapia que se necesita a nivel individual y social para acabar con esta lacra
¡El Lago de Sanabria está en peligro!": Entre el desarrollo hidroeléctrico y la conservación de la naturaleza en la España franquista (1943-1972)
No full textEn 1952, un proyecto para convertir el Lago de Sanabria (Zamora) en un embalse destinado a la producción hidroeléctrica desató una campaña de prensa en su contra que alcanzó las portadas de la prensa estatal. Entre la historia ambiental y la historia política, este artículo examina la controversia en torno a la protección del lago y su declaración como "Paraje Pintoresco" (1953), amparada por la Ley de Patrimonio Artístico Nacional (1933) y dependiente del Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Los defensores del lago reivindicaron su valor cultural, natural y estético, así como sus recursos pesqueros, cinegéticos y forestales, y articularon un discurso que vinculaba el paisaje con la nación española. A pesar de los éxitos iniciales de la campaña -que abogaba por la conservación y promoción turística del Lago de Sanabria sin cuestionar la planificación hi-droeléctrica de la dictadura-, el proyecto de embalse fue aprobado en 1957. En 1959, la rotura del embalse de Vega de Tera y la destrucción de Ribadelago -situado a orillas del lago- pospusieron el inicio de las obras, que nunca llegaron a materializarse.; 1952an, Sanabriako aintzira (Zamora) ekoizpen hidroelektrikora bideratutako urtegi bihurtzeko proiektua aurkeztu zuten, eta proiektuaren aurkako kanpaina bat abiarazi zuten prentsan; Estatuko egunkarietako azaletara ere iritsi zen. Ingurumen historiari eta historia politikoari errepara-tuta, artikulu honetan, aintzira babestu eta "Paraje pintoresko" (1953) izendatzeari buruz sortu zen eztabaida aztertzen da; izendapen hori Ondare Artistiko Nazionalaren Legearen (1933) babespean dago, eta Hezkuntza Ministerioaren mende. Aintziraren defendatzaileek haren balio kulturala, naturala eta estetikoa aldarrikatu zuten, baita arrantzarako, ehizarako eta basogintzarako zituen baliabideak ere, eta paisaia Espainiako nazioarekin lotzen zuen diskurtsoa eratu zuten. Kanpainaren hasierako arra-kastak gorabehera -Sanabriako aintziraren kontserbazioaren eta sustapen turistikoaren alde egiten zuen, diktaduraren plangintza hidroelektrikoa zalantzan jarri gabe-, urtegiaren proiektua 1957an onartu zen. 1959an, Vega de Tera urtegia hautsi eta Ribadelago suntsitu zenez -lakuaren ertzean ze-goen-, obrak atzeratu egin ziren, eta azkenean ez ziren inoiz hasi ere egin.; In 1952, plans to convert Lake Sanabria (Zamora) into a reservoir for hydroelectric production sparked a press campaign that reached the front pages of the Spanish national press. At the intersection of environmental and political history, this article examines the controversy surrounding the protection of the lake and its designation as a "Picturesque Site" ("Paraje Pintoresco") in 1953, under the National Artistic Heritage Law of 1933 and overseen by the Ministry of National Education. The lake’s defenders emphasized its cultural, natural, and aesthetic value, as well as its fishing, hunt-ing, and forestry resources, articulating a discourse that intertwined its landscape with the Spanish na-tion. Despite the initial success of the campaign -which called for the conservation and promotion of Lake Sanabria as a tourist destination without questioning the dictatorship’s broader hydroelectric policy- the reservoir project was approved in 1957. In 1959, the collapse of the Vega de Tera dam and the destruction of the nearby village of Ribadelago, located on the shores of Lake Sanabria, post-poned the start of construction, which ultimately never took place
Enhanced three-phase inverter topology and PWM strategy for electric vehicle powertrains with reduced common-mode voltage
No full textIn electric drive systems, common-mode voltage (CMV) fluctuations cause bearing currents that damage the motor, deteriorate stator winding insulation, and generate electromagnetic interference throughout the system. Several methods have been proposed to mitigate this stray voltage, especially in electric vehicles, where reliability requirements are increasingly stringent. At the same time, improving efficiency — by minimizing power losses — is essential to enhance driving range and thermal management. This paper presents a novel two-level three-phase inverter topology combined with hybrid modulation techniques for electric vehicle propulsion systems. The proposed architecture aims to significantly reduce CMV variations while maintaining high overall efficiency. Simulation and experimental results confirm that, depending on the specific operating condition, the proposed solution achieves reductions of more than 80 % in CMV fluctuations compared with standard SV-PWM operation, efficiency improvements between 0.6 % and 1.5 % relative to a conventional VSI, and a redistribution of switching losses that can reduce the power dissipated per main VSI device by more than 25 %. Unlike previously proposed alternatives, the converter preserves full compatibility with standard VSI control schemes and achieves a superior balance between reliability, CMV mitigation, and efficiency. Therefore, it represents a feasible and promising alternative for future electric vehicle drive systems.This work has been supported by Basque Government within the fund for research groups of the Basque university system IT1810-26 and CONFIA KK-2025/00029; by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PID2024-155411OB-I00 project founded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE) and Cátedras Chip program (SOC4SENSING TSI-069100-2023-0004)
Critical Success Factors in Technology Transfer: An Integrative Framework for the SME–Technology Center Context
No full text[ES]Este trabajo analiza de manera sistemática los factores críticos de éxito (FCE) asociados a los procesos de transferencia de tecnología, con un énfasis específico en la relación entre centros tecnológicos y pequeñas y medianas empresas, un contexto aun insuficientemente abordado en la literatura. A partir de una revisión exhaustiva y estructurada, se identifican, agrupan y sintetizan factores previamente dispersos, proponiendo un marco analítico que concibe la transferencia de tecnología como un proceso relacional, dinámico y fuertemente condicionado por el contexto organizativo e institucional de las pymes.
La principal contribución del estudio reside en la estructuración de los factores críticos de éxito en torno a un modelo genérico de transferencia de naturaleza comunicativa (broadcasting), articulado en seis elementos interrelacionados: emisor, receptor, relación, objeto, contexto y mecanismo. Este enfoque permite superar aproximaciones fragmentadas y avanzar hacia una comprensión sistémica del proceso de transferencia, especialmente relevante en entornos caracterizados por asimetrías de recursos, capacidades tecnológicas y horizontes temporales, como las que definen la relación entre centros tecnológicos y pymes.
El análisis pone de relieve que, en este contexto, el éxito de la transferencia no depende exclusivamente de la excelencia tecnológica, sino de la interacción entre la capacidad absortiva de la pyme, la calidad y continuidad de la relación con el centro tecnológico, la adecuación del objeto transferido y el diseño del proyecto como mecanismo de transferencia. Asimismo, se subraya el papel específico de los centros tecnológicos como intermediarios especializados, capaces de reducir la incertidumbre, facilitar el aprendizaje progresivo y acompañar a las pymes en la maduración y explotación de tecnologías con potencial de impacto en el mercado. El marco propuesto ofrece una base conceptual sólida para futuras investigaciones sobre transferencia de tecnología en pymes y proporciona orientaciones relevantes tanto para la gestión de la transferencia por parte de centros tecnológicos y empresas como para el diseño de políticas públicas de innovación más sensibles a las limitacionesy necesidades reales de las pymes.[EN]This paper systematically analyzes the critical success factors associated with technology transfer processes, with a specific emphasis on the relationship between technology centers and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), a context that remains insufficiently addressed in the literature. Based on a comprehensive and structured review, previously dispersed factors are identified, grouped, and synthesized, proposing an analytical framework that conceptualizes technology transfer as a relational and dynamic process that is strongly conditioned by the organizational and institutional context of SMEs. The main contribution of the study lies in structuring the critical success factors around a generic communicative (broadcasting) model of transfer articulated around six interrelated elements: sender, receiver, relationship, object, context, and mechanism. This approach makes it possible to move beyond fragmented perspectives and advance toward a systemic understanding of the transfer process, particularly relevant in environments characterized by asymmetries in resources, technological capabilities, and time horizons, such as those defining the relationship between technology centers and SMEs. The analysis highlights that, in this context, successful transfer does not depend solely on technological excellence, but rather on the interaction between the SME’s absorptive capacity, the quality and continuity of its relationship with the technology center, the suitability of the transferred object, and the design of the project as a transfer mechanism. Furthermore, the specific role of technology centers as specialized intermediaries is emphasized, as they help reduce uncertainty, facilitating progressive learning, and supporting SMEs in the maturation and exploitation of technologies with potential market impact. The proposed framework offers a solid conceptual basis for future research on technology transfer in SMEs and provides relevant insights for both the management of transfer processes by technology centers and firms and for the design of innovation policies that are more attuned to the real constraints and needs of SMEs.Basque Government, Consolidated Research Group (Grant No. IT1641-22
Influencia de la motivación hacia el aprendizaje y la procrastinación en la dependencia a ChatGPT
Full text linkEn poco tiempo, las inteligencias artificiales generativas como ChatGPT se han convertido en herramientas de apoyo para el aprendizaje, transformando la forma en que muchos estudiantes afrontan las tareas académicas. Su inmediatez y accesibilidad las hacen especialmente atractivas frente a los recursos tradicionales, hasta el punto de que algunos estudiantes pueden desarrollar cierta dependencia a ellas. Este trabajo investiga el impacto de la motivación hacia el aprendizaje y la procrastinación en la dependencia a ChatGPT. 467 estudiantes universitarios del área de la Educación participaron completando una serie de escalas validadas para evaluar diferentes tipos de motivación definidas en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (motivación extrínseca, intrínseca y amotivación), procrastinación y dependencia a ChatGPT. Los análisis de mediación mostraron que los estudiantes con menor motivación intrínseca (β = -.076; LI = -.121; LS = -.037) y mayor amotivación (β = .090; LI = .041; LS = .144) tendían a procrastinar con mayor frecuencia, siendo la procrastinación un factor clave que aumentaba la dependencia a ChatGPT. Además, el alumnado con alta motivación extrínseca (incluso sin la mediación de la procrastinación) resultó ser más propenso a desarrollar una mayor dependencia a ChatGPT (β = .122; p = .022). Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de implementar estrategias que fomenten la motivación intrínseca y la autorregulación, ayudando a los estudiantes a utilizar adecuadamente las herramientas basadas en la IA generativa mientras desarrollan competencias esenciales que podrían estar en riesgo por el uso excesivo de estas herramientas, como el pensamiento crítico y la resolución de problemas
Vulnerability of marine megafauna to global at-sea anthropogenic threats
Full text linkMarine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at-sea threats. The threats we considered included individual fishing gear types, climate-change-related subthreats not previously assessed, and threats associated with coastal impacts and maritime disturbances. Our ratings resulted in 70 species having high vulnerability (v > 0.778 out of 1) to at least 1 threat, primarily drifting longlines, temperature extremes, or fixed gear. These 3 threats were also considered to have the most severe effects (i.e., steepest population declines). Overall, temperature extremes and plastics and other solid waste were rated as affecting the largest proportion of populations. Penguins, pinnipeds, and polar bears had the highest vulnerability to temperature extremes. Bony fishes had the highest vulnerability to drifting longlines and plastics and other solid waste; pelagic cetaceans to 4 maritime disturbance threats; elasmobranchs to 5 fishing threats; and flying birds to drifting longlines and 2 maritime disturbance threats. Sirenians and turtles had the highest vulnerability to at least one threat from all 4 categories. Despite not necessarily having severe effects for most taxonomic groups, temperature extremes were rated among the top threats for all taxa except bony fishes. The vulnerability scores we provide are an important first step in estimating the risk of threats to marine megafauna. Importantly, they help differentiate scope from severity, which is key to identifying threats that should be prioritized for mitigation.We thank D. Fernando, S. Williams (bony fishes), J. Barlow, J. Manuel Arcos, and M. Biuw for their contributions to scores. We are thankful for support from the Jock Clough Marine Foundation (to M.V.C. and A.M.M.S.). M.V.C. was supported by the C.F. & E.A. Jenkins postgraduate scholarship at UWA. A.M.M.S. was supported by a 2020 Fellowship in Marine Conservation by the Pew Charitable Trusts and an ARC DP210103091
Along the Silenced Footsteps of Latin American Pastoralists: From Mexico to Argentina, a Journey Through Pastoral Systems in Latin America
Full text linkPastoralism worldwide faces a complex landscape of increased pressures and exclusion. Beyond ecological and economic challenges, pastoralists suffer eroding cultural identity, limited generational renewal, and political marginalization. Yet pastoral livelihoods are increasingly recognized as stewards of sustainable futures and amongst the best food producers in a post-fossil world scenario. In such a struggle for socio-ecological justice, voices of Latin America pastoralists remain unheard both within regional debates and pastoral scholarship globally. With this article we explore the Latin American context to push conceptual, economic, and political boundaries that pose constraints for sustainable rural development. Rising voices of Latin American pastoralists reveal local agency, resourcefulness, and resistance. Critical notions of identity and feeling to belong tied to rootedness and “sense of place” emerge as particularly relevant, in contrast with conventional framings focused on environmental and economic constraints.We wish to thank the support received by Jürgen Hoth for his initial guidance in setting up the research and help throughout fieldwork. We are also very grateful to Carlos Martorell, Elco Blanco, Raul Hernandez, Leticia Soriano, Lourdes Peñuela, José Alexander Bejarano, Cecilia Turin, Higinio Puerto Huasco, Letizia Bindi, Maria Rosa Lanari, and Andres Marcelo Gaetano, for their assistance in setting up field logistics, sharing contacts, helping finding host families, and all the brainstorming and shared reflections. Most of all we wish to thank all our hosting families in Mexico, Colombia, Peru, and Argentina for their generosity, friendship, and hospitality. We thank the support received from PASTORAMERICAS network for the active engagement during the research, providing contacts, welcoming and hosting us in the various countries visited, and for the joint struggle to have pastoralists voices heard and respected. We also wish to thank Prof Javier Gonzalez Diez for reading a draft of the manuscript and providing insightful feedback. Open access publishing facilitated by Helsingin yliopisto, as part of the Wiley – FinELib agreement
Influence of forest thinning on the soil fauna: a systematic review of current knowledge and research gaps
Full text linkKey message
This systematic review shows that thinning effects on soil fauna abundance and species richness vary with thinning strategy and methodological approach. Positive responses are due to improved resources and favorable microclimate conditions, whereas negative responses were mainly associated with unfavorable microclimate conditions. However, current evidence remains fragmented, highlighting the need for standardized, comprehensive experiments to draw robust conclusions and generalize management recommendations.
Context
As harvesting and reforestation expand to meet bio-economy and renewable energy demands, forests face increasing pressure from both unsustainable practices and climate change. Forest thinning, widely used across many regions, alters forest structure, vegetation and microclimate, leading to cascading effects on soil biodiversity. Yet, compared to microbial communities, soil fauna remains comparatively understudied despite their diversity and central role in ecosystem functioning.
Aims
We conducted a systematic review to assess how forest thinning influences soil fauna.
Results
Only 41 articles were identified: 27 focused on macrofauna (170 observations), 20 on mesofauna (96), and 6 on microfauna (13). These experiments varied considerably in their forest thinning strategies, sampling methods and soil fauna metrics, making it difficult to conclude whether soil fauna abundance or species richness respond to thinning in a consistent way. Both positive and negative effects were reported. Reducing forest cover can lead to less favorable microclimatic conditions with cascading negative effects on soil fauna. Conversely, the resulting increase in understory vegetation biomass and diversity caused by forest opening can create more heterogeneous microhabitats and resources with cascading positive effects on soil fauna.
Conclusion
The observed variability in research approaches limits our mechanistic understanding of soil fauna response to thinning. We therefore emphasized recommendations for future research to improve methodological consistency and the robustness of findings.The study was supported by the \u201CExcellence Initiative of Aix Marseille University\u201D - A*Midex, a French \"Investissements d'Avenir programme\", through the \u201CMediterranean Institute for the Environmental Transition\u201D - ITEM (Grant No. AMX-19-IET-012; IMPACT-ALEP research project) and by the project \u201CHolistic management practices, modelling and monitoring for European forest soils\u201D - HoliSoils funded by the European commission (EU Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No. 101000289). We thank Dr. J. Pearce for providing English language editing services. We are grateful to Dr. Philip A. Martin and Dr. Jorge Curiel Yuste for their constructive feedback on the review methodology and for their insightful comments on the manuscript. We would also like to thank the editor and the two referees for their help in improving this article