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Experiences of People who Acquire Motor Disability, in Adapting to Internal and Environment Changes
Get PDFBackground. In Lithuania, from 2017 to 2018, in the age group of 16–64 years, the number of people with a disability increased from 18.3% to 19.4% (Statistics on Persons with Disabilities, 2018). According to the 2014 European Statistical Data, as many as 27.1% of over 16-year-olds with a disability in Europe reported prevailing limitations on their activity (Centre for European Social and Economic Policy, 2017). The significance of this current situation increases the relevance of this study, because insufficient attention is paid to disability research; researchers from around the world state that this area receives little of their attention (Rios et al., 2016; Shepherd, 2016; Williams & Moore, 2011).
Methods. semi-structured interview, qualitative analysis of content.
Results. Negative reaction towards one’s own body and the perceived irreversible physical changes after acquiring a disability provokes negative feelings, harmful behavior, and limits one’s interaction with the environment. For those who acquire a disability, interaction with the environment encompasses difficulties in entering buildings, reaching for objects, moving outside or receiving certain services. When assessing communication with other people, after acquiring a disability, in many cases, communication with friends worsens, but becomes better with family and relatives. The process of overcoming the disability happens systematically – accepting the acquisition of disability and adapting to the changes that occur; taking up sports or communal activity in order to strengthen oneself physically, emotionally and engage in social life; expressing the inequalities prevalent in society regarding disability and the proposed possible ways to improve the situation.
Conclusion. People who acquire a disability encounter internal reactions and interaction with the changes in their environment, which create the strategic need to overcome the acquired disability and adapt to it.
Keywords: movement disability, acquired disability, internal changes, environment changes, experiences
The Relationship Between Cognitive Performance and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adolescents
Get PDFBackground. Literature suggests cardiorespiratory fitness as a factor influencing cognitive improvement. The authors of the present study sought to investigate if cardiorespiratory fitness related to cognitive performance after an acute bout of game-based exercise of different intensities in adolescents.
Methods. As many as 37 adolescents (24 girls and 13 boys, 15–16 years of age) were assigned to three groups: experimental group 1 (EX 1), experimental group 2 (EX 2), and control (CON) group. The experimental groups experienced different levels of exercise intensity (EX 1 – light intensity, EX 2 – vigorous intensity). The Shuttle Run Test was performed a week before the intervention and VO2peak was calculated. Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) was evaluated before and after the acute intervention. A 2 x 3 repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the SDMT and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to estimate the relationship between the cognitive performance (SDMT) and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak).
Results. Comparing the SDMT scores before and after the intervention, there were no differences found between the three groups. Neither in any of the experimental groups nor in the control group was a relationship between the SDMT score and VO2peak observed.
Conclusion. Acute game-based exercise intervention did not prove to improve cognitive performance effectively. The authors of the present paper did not confirm the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance in adolescents.
Keywords: exercise, cognitive performance, cardiorespiratory fitness
Мировые тенденции диджитализации экономических процессов предприятий
Get PDFResearch object. Research problem. Recently, both in the economic theory and in the practical activities in several countries, the concept of digital economy has emerged. Digitalization of processes, digital transformation, digital education, digital marketing – the word “digital” has been on everyone’s lips for several years now. The current crisis with its bomb-blasting effect has already proved that not only is the future of business a shift to digital technology, but the present is at stake if we do not act quickly. The beginning of the 21st century brought the development of digital technologies through the information revolution and the processes of economic globalization. Information in society and management processes has become a major resource. In the hands of man, it is transformed into knowledge, and social as well as economic relations are increasingly transferred to the network space. The development of digital culture is a key factor in the digital transformation of market actors. The authors show that at the present stage the institutional structure of a transformational society has features and requires the formation of a digital economy, which is now an actual task.
The problem is the study. Although the crisis has to some extent mitigated the widening technological divide, the development of the digital economy in individual countries needs further government regulation and institutionalization. In the near future, employers will face labour shortage to meet the new requirements, but the same acute problem will affect a large part of the working-age population, which will not be in demand in the new realities of digital life. Is the domestic economy ready for short- and medium-term digitalization, as the digital world has already entered our daily lives in most of its segments?
The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the global trends of digital economic processes.
Research methods. Analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, generalization. Scientific literature and theoretical interpretation to summarize the studies carried out on this topic, to find answers to what are the existing features of the current situation of digital economic development, because this phenomenon is interpreted on the basis of scientific analysis. The concepts will be analyzed, the most important concepts will be clarified and substantiated.
Outcomes and conclusions. With the growing number of participants in digital transformation, both in individual countries and around the world, the issue of cybersecurity at the enterprise level, both at the state and international level, becomes more urgent. Therefore, there is a need to pay great attention to software and legislation (national and international) in the protection of the information space, as cybersecurity is the guarantor of “healthy” competition in the technological world. Analysis of global trends in the digitalization of the economic processes of enterprises confirms that such transformations will contribute not only to increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in world markets, but also to improving the quality and standard of the population.
Keywords: digitalization, economics, digitalization trends.В статье исследованы вопросы диджитализации экономики в различных странах мира, выявлены основные направления деятельности предприятий, желающих достичь цифрового прорыва. Изучены методы и способы оценки процессов формирования и распространения цифровой экономики. Определены основные факторы, отражающие темпы цифровизации в различных странах. Дана оценка уровня цифровизации экономических процессов предприятий. Проведен SWOT-анализ цифровизации экономики и выявлены еë общемировые тенденции. Установлены пути повышения эффективности предприятий в условиях цифровизации.
Ключевые слова: диджитализация, цифровизация, экономика, тенденции цифровизации
Sporto renginių kokybės vertinimas žiūrovų požiūriu: Lietuvos krepšinio rinktinių rungtynių pavyzdžiu
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This article examines the quality of sport events in the matches of Lithuanian basketball teams. The theoretical part analyzes the concept, significance, quality of sports events and the factors that determine it. A comparative analysis of quality assessment models was performed and the most appropriate quality model for sports events was selected for this study - SPORTSERV (Theodorakis & Kambitsis, 1998; Theodorakis et al., 2001; Theodorakis et al., 2008). A questionnaire was prepared based on this model. The survey collected and analyzed data, discussed results, and presented conclusions.
Question arises – how to properly assess the quality of a sporting event?
Object of work – quality of matches events in Lithuanian basketball teams (Lithuanian national basketball men\u27s and women\u27s national teams, Lithuanian youth).
The aim of the work – to evaluate the quality of a sports event from the point of view of spectators: on the example of Lithuanian basketball team matches.
The goals: 1. To define the concept and meaning of a sports event and it‘s quality. 2. To identify the factors determining the quality of sports events from the theoretical point of view. 3. To reveal the quality of Lithuanian basketball teams: Lithuanian national basketball men\u27s and women\u27s teams, Lithuanian youth match events held from 01.09.2019 to 01.06.2020 from the point of view of spectators.
Conclusions: 1. The definition of a sporting event can be distinguished as the gathering of sports participants, spectators at a certain place and time at which they watch or participate in a sports competition. Sports events are divided according to - the level of the game (professional or amateur), only one sport (European and world championships of various sports) or several sports (Olympic Games). The significance of sporting events can be divided into direct (economic) and indirect (social, cultural, political). The quality of a sporting event can be described as the satisfaction of spectators and participants with the event and one of the factors determining the demand for this type of event. 2. After analyzing the scientific literature of different authors as the factors determining the quality of sports events can be distinguished - material things (palpability), security, event location, emotion, event time, information about the event, discounts, food quality, staff competencies and friendliness, labeling, design, empathy, reliability (reputation of sports event organizers), level of play and experience of athletes, price, access (location of the sports event and it’s attractiveness). 3. The research revealed that the quality of the research was well assessed by the spectators in the Lithuanian basketball team matches. Analyzing the satisfaction of men and women in the matches of Lithuanian basketball teams, it was noticed that the satisfaction of men was higher than that of women. The highest scores of respondents were in the safety category (the location and environment of the event are safe). Where most efforts should be made in organizing Lithuanian basketball team matches, respondents named the category of material things (modernity of the arena, sound system, ventilation, etc.). This category had the lowest scores for both womens and mens.
Key words: quality of sports events, sport events, matches of Lithuanian basketball teams.Straipsnyje analizuojama sporto renginių kokybė Lietuvos krepšinio rinktinių rungtynėse. Buvo atlikta kokybės vertinimo modelių lyginamoji analizė ir pasirinktas tinkamiausias sporto renginių kokybės modelis šiam tyrimui – SPORTSERV. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, jog Lietuvos krepšinio rinktinių (Lietuvos nacionalinės krepšinio vyrų ir moterų rinktinės, Lietuvos jaunučių, jaunių ir jaunimo) rungtynių renginio kokybę vertina gerai ir labai gerai. Kaip svarbiausią, tyrime naudoto SPORTSERV modelio sporto renginių kokybės kategoriją, respondentai išskyrė saugumą (renginio vietos ir aplinkos saugumo užtikrinimas). Analizuojant skirtumus tarp vyrų ir moterų, paaiškėjo, jog vyrai geriau vertina Lietuvos krepšinio rinktinių rungtynių renginio kokybę negu moterys. Tiek vyrai, tiek moterys kaip mažiausiai įtakos turintį veiksnį įvardijo, jog arenoje galima nusipirkti kokybiško maisto ir gėrimų.
Raktiniai žodžiai: sportas, renginiai, kokybė, lemiantys veiksniai
Tarptautinis įvaikinimo teisinis reguliavimas Lietuvoje ir Portugalijoje
No full textResearch problem and degree of the research. Protecting the rights of the child is one of the most important issues today, both nationally and internationally. The situation is particularly complicated when it comes to international adoption. The adoption institute transcends all cultures and has long since existed, having played different functions over time. This institute has come to reflect social changes relating to how society faces a child’s needs, the way of exercising parental responsibilities and the needs of birth parents and adoptive parents. This is a subject increasingly relevant within the phenomenon of globalization and the urgency given to children and their rights in contemporary society. This is a subject for today and for the future.
The adoptive child, due to his or her subjective characteristics, is unable to exercise his or her rights properly. This obligation must be exercised by the child’s parents or the State and its authorities. Although the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania guarantees that every child has the right to grow up in a family, many children do not have a family and are forced to grow up in foster care. In this situation, an adoption institute emerges, which, at least from dallies, gives the child a chance to live in a family. In Portugal, the strong connection between the principle of the child´s best interest, major principle of family law, deeply influences the entire legal institute and, specially, the matter of international adoption. The placing of children in a foreign family is a subsidiary option, in great deal due to the difficulties that they will find from the moment they exit their country of origin. Difficulties such as differences in culture, language, religion, habits, among others that may result in children´s cultural uprooting and affect their cultural identity, beyond the cut with their biological family, implied in any adoption.
Subject of the article: protection of the rights of the child and problems in cross-border adoption.
Aim of the work: to analyse whether the rights of the child in the case of international adoption are violated.
Research methods: teleological, historical, comparative analysis of legislation, generalization, analysis, and synthesis of scientific literature, descriptive, comparative, analytical methods.
The right of the child to grow up in a family is enshrined in the basic international instruments. It is in the family that the life and socialization of each child begins. It creates an atmosphere for the child to grow, develop and explore the world. The child should grow as much as possible to feel the love, care, and responsibility of his parents.
Adoption is a significant process in many states. The main international instrument governing adoption is the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in respect of Intercountry Adoption. States, in accordance with both their national and international legislation on adoption, seek to enable the child to grow up in a new family, while ensuring that such adoption best protects the rights and interests of the child.
In Portugal, the child’s best interest is a fundamental concept in this matter, for a true concept of individual rights is one in which the child is considered a subject of rights, and not object of them. This principle is the guiding principle for the exercise of private responsibilities in relation to children, as well as public ones, and should be considered both in state and judicial decisions and actions. The child’s best interest is an indeterminate legal concept, varying with the customs of each society, taking into evolutionary and dynamic nature, and depending on case-by-case evaluation.
This continues to be a divisive issue in Portugal and Law No. 2/2016, of 29 February eliminates discrimination against persons of the same sex who live in a de facto union or are married, in access to adoption, civil sponsorship and other family legal relationships, making all the legal changes.
Key words: child, adoption, child’s right to grow up in a family, international adoption.Viena iš svarbiausių vaiko teisių yra teisė augti šeimoje. Tai garantuoja valstybė, kuri imasi priemonių jai įgyvendinti. Vykdant nacionalinius ir tarpvalstybinius įvaikinimus, turi būti užtikrinta vaiko teisė įvaikinti ir galimybė augti naujoje šeimoje. Įvaikinimo sąlygos yra sukurtos tiek Lietuvos Respublikos, tiek užsienio šalių piliečiams, tačiau sąlygos iš esmės skiriasi. Įstatymo įsigaliojimas 2012 m. Padarė didelę įtaką užsienio piliečių įvaikinimui, nes buvo nustatyti tarptautinio įvaikinimo apribojimai. Priėmimo proceso sunkumai pasireiškia per įstatymų neveiksmingumą. Leidimas tik susituokusioms užsienio poroms įvaikinti tik specialiųjų poreikių turinčius vaikus, realios galimybės neturėti galimybės susipažinti su potencialiu vaiku prieš sutikimą įvaikinti tik iliustruoja, kodėl vaikų, norinčių įvaikinti, skaičius Lietuvoje. Įvaikinimo ir tarptautinio įvaikinimo problema Portugalijoje yra tokia, kad ją reikia riboti. Portugalija nežinojo apie būtinybę pagilinti vaiko teisių veiksmingumą savo teisiniame režime, kuris taip pat yra paveiktas ir susijęs su įvairiais tarptautiniais dokumentais, kuriuos pasirašė Portugalija.
Raktiniai žodžiai: vaikas, įvaikinimas, vaiko teisė augti šeimoje, tarptautinis įvaikinimas
Funkcinių treniruočių poveikis 10–13 metų amžiaus vaikų, lankančių plaukimą, funkciniams judesiams ir pajėgumui
No full textBackground. Functional training is used both in rehabilitation - to restore lost functions, and in professional sports - to improve results in competitions. Functional training is characterized by complex training of physical features, and it develops specific movements.
The aim was to evaluate functional training effect on functional movements, static endurance of trunk muscles and dynamic balance in children aged 10 to 13 attending swimming activities.
Methods. The study involved 24 children in the age group of 10–13 who attended swimming activities 5 times a week. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: subject (n = 12) and control (n = 12). Participants of the subject group while attending regular swimming activities were prescribed functional training of 10-week once a week with supervision of a physiotherapist. The participants of the control group while attending regular swimming activities were prescribed a routine swimmer training of 10-week once a week in the gym under the supervision of a sports coach. Static endurance, dynamic balance, leg muscle’s explosive force and swimming competition results corresponding to the time interval of the beginning and end of the study were assessed before and after the interventions.
Results. All the evaluated indicators had tendency to improve, but significant differences between the results of the two groups were found in the static endurance of the abdomen and trunk lateral muscles, dynamic balance, functional movements, long jump results and 50-meter swimming results.
Conclusion. Functional training under the supervision of a physiotherapist can significantly improve the functional and physical capacity of children attending swimming activities.
Keywords: physical characteristics, functional training, endurance, balance, functional movements.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Funkcinės treniruotės taikomos tiek reabilitacijoje siekiant grąžinti prarastas funkcijas, tiek profesionaliame sporte – varžybų rezultatams pagerinti. Funkcinės treniruotės pasižymi kompleksiniu fizinių savybių lavinimu, nes jų metu lavinamas specifis judesys.
Tikslas – įvertinti funkcinių treniruočių poveikį 10–13 metų amžiaus vaikų, lankančių plaukimą, funkciniams judesiams, liemens raumenų statinei ištvermei ir dinaminei pusiausvyrai.
Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 24 vaikai, lankantys plaukimo treniruotes penkis kartus per savaitę, kurie priklausė 10–13 metų amžiaus grupei. Atsitiktinės atrankos būdu tiriamieji buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes: tiriamąją (n = 12) ir kontrolinę (n = 12). Tiriamosios grupės dalyviams be įprastinių plaukimo treniruočių 10 sav. vieną kartą per savaitę buvo skirta funkcinių judesių lavinimo programa vadovaujant kineziterapeutui. Kontrolinės grupės dalyviams be įprastinių plaukimo treniruočių 10 sav. vieną kartą per savaitę buvo vedamos įprastinės plaukikų treniruotės sporto salėje prižiūrint sporto treneriui. Prieš ir po intervencijų buvo vertinta tiriamųjų liemens raumenų statinė ištvermė, dinaminė pusiausvyra, kojų raumenų sprogstamoji jėga, plaukimo varžybų rezultatai, atitinkantys tyrimo pradžios ir pabaigos laiko intervalą.
Rezultatai. Visi tiriamųjų vertinti rodikliai turėjo tendenciją gerėti, tačiau reikšmingi skirtumai palyginus abiejų grupių rezultatus nustatyti vertinant pilvo bei liemens šonų statinę ištvermę, dinaminę pusiausvyrą, funkcinius judesius, šuolio į tolį rezultatus bei 50 m plaukimo rezultatus.
Išvada. Funkcinės treniruotės vadovaujant kineziterapeutui gali reikšmingai pagerinti vaikų, lankančių plaukimo treniruotes, funkcinius judesius, funkcinį ir fizinį pajėgumą.
Raktažodžiai: fizinės savybės, funkcinės treniruotės, ištvermė, pusiausvyra, funkciniai judesiai
Suaugusiųjų rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo strategijos
No full textBackground. Swallowing disorders are becoming more common in an aging society, so it is important to understand and know the phases of swallowing, including the voluntary and involuntary aspects of the swallowing process, in order to be able to apply strategies to overcome swallowing disorders.
Aim. To reveal the strategies in adult dysphagia treatment.
Methods. Theoretical scientific research. This method enables to reveal and analyse the concept of swallowing disorders in the context of Lithuania and foreign countries, analyzes the variety of rehabilitation strategies applied to overcome swallowing disorders, and emphasizes the importance of complex dysphagia assessment and treatment. Adult dysphagia treatment strategies are compared and summarized.
Results. The analysis of Lithuanian and foreign science research showed that complex strategies are most often applied for adult dysphagia treatment. Rehabilitative dysphagia treatment strategies are used to accelerate the recovery of swallowing function, and compensatory strategies are applied to ensure patient safety during eating.
Conclusion. In each case, speech therapy differs depending on individual personal and external factors that affect swallowing disorder. Adult dysphagia treatment is usually complex in Lithuania: both rehabilitative and compensatory models are applied in dysphagia treatment.
Keywords: swallowing disorders, dysphagia treatment strategies, rehabilitative dysphagia treatment strategies, compensatory dysphagia treatment strategies.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Rijimo sutrikimai vis dažniau pasireiškia senėjančioje visuomenėje, todėl svarbu suprasti ir žinoti rijimo fazes, apimančias valingus ir nevalingus rijimo proceso aspektus, kad būtų galima pritaikyti rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo priemones.
Tikslas – atskleisti suaugusiųjų asmenų rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo strategijas.
Metodai. Mokslinės literatūros analizė. Taikant šį metodą, atskleidžiama ir analizuojama rijimo sutrikimų samprata Lietuvos ir užsienio šalių kontekste, analizuojama, rijimo sutrikimams įveikti, taikomų reabilitacijos strategijų įvairovė, jų pagrįstumas ir pritaikomumas, akcentuojama kompleksinio rijimo sutrikimų vertinimo ir įveikimo svarba. Suaugusiųjų rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo strategijos yra aprašomos, lyginamos ir apibendrinamos.
Rezultatai. Išanalizavus Lietuvos ir užsienio šalių mokslinius tyrimus, gauti rezultatai parodė, kad dažniausiai taikomos kompleksinės rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo strategijos. Siekiant paspartinti rijimo funkcijos atsistatymą, taikomos reabilitacinės rijimo sutrikimo įveikimo strategijos, o kompensacinės strategijos taikomos, norint užtikrinti paciento saugumą valgant.
Išvada. Kiekvienu atveju logopedinė pagalba skiriasi, priklausomai nuo individualių asmeninių ir išorinių veiksnių, turinčių įtakos rijimo sutrikimui. Logopedinė pagalba suaugusiesiems, turintiems rijimo sutrikimų, Lietuvoje dažniausiai yra kompleksinė: taikomas tiek reabilitacinis, tiek kompensuojamasis rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo modelis.
Raktažodžiai: rijimo sutrikimai, rijimo sutrikimų įveikimo strategijos, reabilitacinės rijimo sutrikimo įveikimo strategijos, kompensuojamosios rijimo sutrikimo įveikimo strategijos
Priklausomybė tarp Covid-19 karantino metu padidėjusio sėdėjimo laiko ir kaklo, nugaros bei pečių lanko skausmais
No full textBackground. Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) originating in Wuhan, China in December 2019 spread worldwide rapidly. To avoid direct contact, quarantine was implemented globally, which changed employees’ work habits, leading to longer sedentary times and increased complaints of neck, back and shoulder arch pain.
Aim. To analyse the association of increased sitting time during quarantine with neck, back and shoulder arch pain.
Methods. The survey involved 180 respondents, 136 women (76.0%) and 43 men (24.0%), who participated in a questionnaire survey conducted in social networks. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between sitting time and neck, back, and shoulder arch pain.
Results. It was found that the time spent at the computer or TV screen during the quarantine and before quarantine differed statistically significantly (p <0.005). Respondents (40.8%) indicated that they spent 1–2 hours in front of the TV or computer screen, before the quarantine, and during the quarantine most respondents (57.0%) stated that they spent more than 5 hours. More than half of the respondents (56.4%) said that their well-being had recently deteriorated. Prolonged sitting time was mentioned by the majority of respondents (63.2%) as the main cause of deteriorating health. Respondents rated their pain before quarantine at 3.25 ± 1.92 points and during quarantine at 5.84 ± 2.12 points.
Conclusions. Respondents’ time spent at the computer or TV screens more than doubled during the pandemic, with the vast majority complaining of back, neck and shoulder pain. There was a direct relationship between back, shoulder arch and neck pain and sitting time.
Keywords: pain, sitting time, quarantine, lack of physical activity.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Koronavirusinė liga (Covid-19), kilusi Uhane, Kinijoje 2019 m. gruodį, sparčiai išplito visame pasaulyje. Vengiant tiesioginio kontakto buvo įvestas visuotinis karantinas, kuris pakeitė darbuotojų darbo įpročius, dėl ko pailgėjo sėslus laikas ir padidėjo nusiskundimų kaklo, nugaros ir pečių lanko skausmais.
Tikslas – išanalizuoti karantino metu pailgėjusio sėdėjimo laiko sąsajas su kaklo, nugaros ir pečių lanko skausmais.
Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 180 respondentų, 136 moterys (76 proc.) ir 43 vyrai (24 proc.), kurie pildė anketinę apklausą, vykdomą socialiniuose tinkluose. Anketą sudarė uždaro tipo klausimai. Statistinė duomenų analizė buvo atlikta taikant Spearman‘o koreliacijos koeficientą, norint nustatyti sąsajas tarp sėdėjimo laiko trukmės ir kaklo, nugaros bei pečių lanko skausmų.
Rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad karantino metu ir prieš karantiną respondentų praleistas laikas prie kompiuterio ar televizoriaus ekrano skyrėsi (p<0,005). Respondentai (40,8 proc.) nurodė, kas prieš karantiną praleisdavo 1–2 val. prie televizoriaus ekrano ar kompiuterio, tai karantino metu daugiau nei pusė respondentų (57 proc.) teigė, jog praleidžia daugiau nei 5 val. Daugiau nei pusė respondentų (56,4 proc.) teigė, kad pastaruoju metu jų bendra savijauta pablogėjo. Kaip pagrindinę sveikatos pablogėjimo priežastį dauguma respondentų (63,2 proc.) įvardijo ilgą laiko tarpą sėdint. Respondentai kaklo, nugaros bei pečių lanko skausmą prieš karantiną vertino 3,25±1,92 balo, o karantino metu – 5,84±2,12 balo.
Išvados. Respondentų dalyvavusių tyrime laikas praleidžiamas prie kompiuterio ir televizoriaus ekranų pandemijos laikotarpiu padidėjo daugiau nei du kartus, didžioji dauguma jų skundėsi skausmais nugaros, kaklo, pečių lanko srityje. Nustatyta tiesioginė priklausomybė tarp tiriamųjų skausmo nugaros, pečių lanko ir kaklo srityse ir sėdėjimo laiko trukmės.
Raktažodžiai: skausmas, sėdėjimo laikas, karantinas, fizinio aktyvumo stoka
Ergoterapeutų ir kineziterapeutų požiūris ir žinios į moksliniais tyrimais paremtų metodų taikymą vaikams, sergantiems cerebriniu paralyžiumi
No full textBackground. More and more alternative treatments and therapies are emerging, so it is very important for professionals not only not to get lost in their abundance, but also to choose the right methods.
Aim. To find out the attitude of occupational therapists and physiotherapists towards the evidence-based therapeutic methods in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.
Methods. 73 rehabilitation specialists participated in this study, 30 of them were occupational therapists and 43 were physiotherapists and filled in the questionnaire. Respondents answered about the attitude and knowledge towards the evidence-based therapeutic methods in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.
Results. 97.3% respondents answered that they use evidence-based practice methods in their work. The number of scientific articles read per month in the range from 0 to 5 articles was chosen by 71.2% respondents, from 6 and more articles – 28,8% respondents. The interface between the number of articles read per month by occupational therapists was directly and moderately strongly related to work experience (r=0.555; p=0.001). The education of occupational therapists and physiotherapists was weakly related to the frequency with which they used evidence-based methods in their work (r=0.374; p=0.042; r=0.476; p=0.001).
Conclusions. The study revealed that rehabilitation specialists apply evidence-based practice methods in their work. It can be argued that the higher the level of education a rehabilitation specialist has, the more they value evidence-based practices and apply them in their work.
Keywords: cerebral palsy, methods of children rehabilitation, evidence-based practise.Tyrimo pagrindimas. Cerebrinis paralyžius yra vienas sunkiausių raidos sutrikimų, pažeidžiantis asmens funkcionavimą įvairiose srityse. Atsiranda vis daugiau alternatyvių gydymo ir terapijos metodų, todėl reabilitacijos specialistams labai svarbu ne tik nepasiklysti jų gausoje, bet ir pasirinkti tinkamus metodus.
Tikslas – išsiaiškinti ergoterapeutų ir kineziterapeutų požiūrį į moksliniais tyrimais paremtų metodų taikymą vaikams, sergantiems cerebriniu paralyžiumi.
Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 73 reabilitacijos specialistai – 30 ergoterapeutų ir 43 kineziterapeutai, kurie anoniminėje autorės sukurtoje anketoje atsakinėdami į klausimus reiškė požiūrį ir nuomonę apie įrodymais pagrįstų metodų taikymą vaikams, sergantiems cerebriniu paralyžiumi, jų veiksmingumą ir mokslinį pagrįstumą ir turėjo įvardyti, ar pateikti metodai yra moksliškai pagrįsti, ar turi abejotiną pagrįstumą, ar yra mokslu nepagrįsti.
Rezultatai. Teisingą apibrėžimą, kas yra įrodymais pagrįsta praktika ir jos modelio sudedamąsias dalis pasirinko visi apklaustieji. 97,3 proc. respondentų atsakė, kad savo darbe taiko įrodymais pagrįstos praktikos metodus. Perskaitomų mokslinių straipsnių skaičių per mėnesį intervale nuo 0 iki 5 pasirinko 71,2 proc., nuo 6–10 straipsnių – 19,2 proc., nuo 11 ir daugiau straipsnių – 9,6 proc. apklaustųjų. Sąsaja tarp ergoterapeutų perskaitomų straipsnių skaičiaus buvo tiesiogiai ir vidutiniškai susijusi su darbo stažu (r=0,555; p=0,001). Ergoterapeutų išsilavinimas buvo tiesiogiai silpnai susijęs su tuo, kaip dažnai specialistai taiko įrodymais pagrįstus metodus savo darbe ( r=0,374; p=0,042). Kineziterapeutų išsilavinimas buvo tiesiogiai vidutinišku stiprumu susijęs su tuo, kaip dažnai taiko savo darbe įrodymais pagrįstus metodus (r=0,476; p=0,001).
Išvados. Tiek ergoterapeutai, tiek kineziterapeutai taiko įrodymais pagrįstos praktikos metodus savo darbe. Galima teigti, kad kuo aukštesnį išsilavinimą turi reabilitacijos specialistas, tuo dažniau taiko įrodymais pagrįstos praktikos metodus savo darbe ir palankiau juos vertina.
Raktažodžiai: cerebrinis paralyžius, vaikų reabilitacijos metodai, įrodymais grįsta praktika
Interaction of Parenting Style of Mothers and Paediatric Diabetes Management
Get PDFBackground. Parent-child relationship and parenting style are very important for the child’s mental and physical health. This study was focused on investigating the association between mothers’ parenting style (PS) and their children’s with type I diabetes (T1DM) disease management. We hypothesized that mothers’ PS interact with their children’s T1DM outcomes.
Methods. One hundred thirty-one mothers, the main caregivers of their diabetic children, filled in the parenting style and demographic questionnaires. The indicator of diabetes management was Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) – the main form of glycosylated haemoglobin. PS scales and subscales were associated with glycaemic management indices. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied for the assessment of the association between mothers’ PS and their children’s with T1DM disease management.
Results. While logistic regression analysis did not demonstrate statistically significant interaction of T1DM management and mothers’ PS scales and subscales, cluster analysis showed that in the confrontation with T1DM, the relationships between children and parents were dominated by negative elements of PS: lack of emotional warmth, support, reasoning and especially democratic participation.
Conclusion. Children’s T1DM management and their mothers’ PS scales and subscales did not demonstrate statistically significant interaction. PS negative elements dominate in mothers’ upbringing: lack of emotional warmth, support, reasoning and especially democratic participation.
Keywords: type 1 diabetes, parenting skills, parenting style, diabetes management