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Harrotasun morala: oinarrizko ikerketa eta hezkuntza-inplikazioak
No full textToday, no one doubts the importance of empathy or guilt in moral behavior. However, other emotions continue to be overlooked. One of these is moral pride, the emotion we may feel after carrying out a morally positive action. This paper conducts a review of existing research (scarce and incipient) into this emotion, describing in particular detail five studies with important educational implications. The first two studies focus on the motivational benefits of moral pride, while the others analyze elements that may paradoxically undermine it: personal costs and going against the group majority. Finally, the paper reflects on the educational implications, highlighting both the importance of stimulating the development of this emotion in moral education, and the need to help children overcome those factors which work against it, especially the negative influence of the group.Gaur egun inork ez du zalantzan jartzen enpatiak edo erru-sentimenduek jokaera moralean duten balioa. Emozio horiez gain, ordea, bada behar beste aztertu ez den beste zenbait emozio. Horietariko bat harrotasun morala da, moralki positiboa den ekintza bat egitearen ondorioz senti dezakegun emozioa. Artikulu honetan, emozio horri buruz gaur egungo ikerketen berrikuspena egingo da, ikerketa urria, hasiberria. Zehazki, hezkuntza-arloan inplikazio garrantzitsuak dituzten bost ikerketa xehetasunez azalduko dira. Lehenengo biek harrotasun moralak motibazioan dituen onuretan jartzen dute arreta. Beste hirurak, berriz, harrotasun morala modu paradoxikoan ahuldu dezaketen elementuetan ardazten dira: kostu pertsonalak eta taldearen gehiengoaren aurka joatea. Azkenik, lan horien hezkuntza-inplikazioei buruz hausnartuko da; alde batetik, hezkuntza moralean emozio horren garapena estimulatzearen komenigarritasuna azpimarratzen da; bestetik, emozio horren kontra jokatzen duten faktoreei aurre egiteko haurrak hezi behar direla azpimarratzen da, bereziki, taldearen eragin negatiboarengandik aska daitezen
Emantzipazioaren aldeko bortxaren ikerketa
No full textJose Azurmendi’s philosophical thoughts on violence in politics (Democrats and Violents, 1997; Mad Young People, 1998; Violence and the Search for New Values, 2001; Forgiveness, Condemnation, Torture, 2012) are based on a text: Gizaberearen bakeak eta gerrak, 1991. One of the main points of the book is ethology and, more specifically, the understanding of K. Lorenz. Therefore, we can say and prove that Azurmendi’s political thought, beyond ethics and anthropology, is pioneer of a new path that is opening today for understanding the human being (Wrangham, 2019).Euskal idazlea eta Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko irakaslea eta ikerlaria Politika-arloan bortxari buruz Jose Azurmendik eskainitako gogamen filosofikoa (Demokratak eta biolentoak, 1997; Oraingo gazte eroak, 1998; La violencia y la busqueda de nuevos valores, 2001; Barkamena, Kondena, Tortura, 2012) testu bat du oinarritzat: Gizaberearen bakeak eta gerrak, 1991. Aipatu liburuaren ardatzetariko bat etologian datza eta, zehazkiago, K. Lorenzen irakurketan. Hori dela eta, Azurmendiren pentsamendu politikoa, etikaz eta antropologiaz harago, gizakia ulertzeko egun irekitzen ari den bide berri baten (Wrangham, 2019) aitzindaria dela esan eta froga dezakegu
Hominidoen (homo eta mulier) fakultate mentalak eta produktuak Euskal Herrian
No full textIn our present-day thoughts the universe is the horizon, namely, the whole world, everything in existence. Since we stand very far from knowing all of it according to the domain of «science», we intend to express critically our knowledge on the hominids living in the prehistory of the Basque Country. The paper discusses the views transmitted during the 20th century on the relations held by the hominid species inhabiting the area, with a focus in the municipality of Ataun. For the purpose, we study the social representations conveyed about the relations the hominids had among them. First of all, we address the work carried out by ethnographers, next moving on to the ethnologic approach on oral, plastic art and written production; the study concludes with a view to the work conducted by anthropologists. Sociologists, psychologists and historians are also considered in this pursuit.Gure egungo gogoetan unibertsoa dugu azken zola. Mundu osoa, existitzen den oro, alegia. Hala ere, hori guztia ezagutzetik arras urrun gaudenez «zientzia» arloan, gaurko gure gogoetan Euskal Herriko hominidoen prehistoriaz dakiguna gogoratuz kritikoki adierazten saiatzea dugu helburu. Euskal Herrian bizi izandako espezie hominidoen arteko harremanez XX. mendean adierazi izan zaigunaz arituko gara, Ataungo herrira so. Horretarako, hominidoen arteko harremanez adieraziak izan diren errepresentazio sozialak erabiliko ditugu. Hasteko, etnografoen lana, ondotik etnologoetara igaroaz lehenek jasotako ahozko produktuak, arte plastikozkoak eta idatzizkoak izan ditugu esku artean. Eta lan hau burutzeko antropologoetara heltzen gara. Gainera, gaur egun lekuan lekuko zientzietan ezinbestekoak diren soziologoak, psikologoak eta historiagileak ere presente edukiko ditugu eginkizun honetan
Petrosektomia subtotala kolesteatomaren tratamendurako: 2008-2018 arteko ikerketa erretrospektiboa duo-n
Get PDFCholesteatoma is a collection of keratinized squamous epithelium of varied origin that grows in the middle ear, capable to produce different clinics depending on its location and size. Its treatment is eminently surgical, being tympanoplasty or mastoidectomy the techniques of choice. Sometimes, however, more invasive techniques such as subtotal petrosectomy (STP) are necessary. This work analyzed the results of the STP performed at the University Hospital of Donostia (UHD) between 2008 and 2018 with the indication of chronic otitis media or cholesteatoma and then compared them with the results found in the literature. The data of the STP carried out between 2008 and 2018 at the UHD otolaryngology service were collected in order to later select those that had chronic otitis media or cholesteatoma as an indication and different parameters were analyzed. In addition, a literature search was performed in Pubmed's database on the STP and the results were compared with those of UHD. Between 2008 and 2018, 73 PSTs were performed, being the most frequent indications chronic otitis media (31%), cholesteatoma recurrence (25%) and tumour processes (29%). From all the PST, 35 were indicated in the context of chronic otitis media or cholesteatoma. The average hospital stay was 5.74 days. Average post-surgical follow-up was 3.45 years, using nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI) for control in 48.6% of cases. The most frequent complications were: infection, facial paralysis, vestibular hypofunction, bleeding, atrial fistula, and recurrence of cholesteatoma. In general, the results of UHD coincide with those found in the literature regarding indications, preoperative situation, type of patient and audiological situation. Regarding complications, they have also appeared in similar proportion, being the infection rate higher in the UHD series, for which we recommend a more directed study.Kolesteatoma jatorri ezberdineko erdiko belarrian hazten den epitelio ezkatatsu keratinizatuaren bilduma da, tamaina eta kokapenaren arabera klinika zabala eman dezakeena. Kolesteatomaren tratamendua kirurgikoa da, eta tinpanoplastia edota mastoidektomia dira aukerako teknikak. Zenbaitetan, ordea, aukera inbasiboagoetara jo behar da, eta horrelakoetan petrosektomia subtotala (PST) aukera baliagarria bilaka daiteke. Lan honetan Donostia Unibertsitate Ospitalean (DUOn) 2008-2018 artean erdik obelarriko otitis kronikoaren edota kolesteatomaren tratamendurako egindako petrosektomia subtotalen emaitzak erretrospektiboki aztertu eta literaturan aurkitu diren emaitzekin alderatuko dira. DUOko Otorrinolaringologia Sailean 2008-2018 artean egin ziren PSTen datuak bildu eta indikazioa erdiko otitis kronikoa edota kolesteatoma ziren kasuak aztertu dira, parámetro ezberdinak ikertuz. Bestalde, PubMed datubasean PSTaren inguruko bilaketa bibliografikoa egin da eta DUOko emaitzak PubMed-en aurkitutakoekin alderatu dira. 2008-2018 artean 73 PST egin ziren, indikazio ohikoenak erdiko belarriko otitis kronikoa (% 31), kolesteatomaren errezidiba (% 25) eta prozesu tumoralak (% 29) izanik. PST guztietatik, 35ek izan zuten erdiko otitis kronikoa edota kolesteatoma indikazio gisa. Ospitaleko batez besteko egonaldia 5,74 egunekoa izan zen. Kirurgia ostean batez besteko jarraipen-denbora 3,45 urte izan zen, eta kontrolerako EMNa erabili zen kasuen % 48,6an. Maizen agertu ziren konplikazioak honakoak izan ziren: infekzioa, paralisifaziala, hipofuntzio bestibularra, odoljarioa, belarriko fistula eta kolesteatomaren errezidiba. Oro har, DUOko egoera literaturan aurkitutako egoeraren parekoa da indikazioen, kirurgiaaurreko egoeraren, paziente motaren eta egoera audiologikoaren ikuspuntutik. Konplikazioei dagokienez, antzeko portzentajean agertu dira, baina infekzio-tasa handiagoa aurkitu da DUOko seriean, eta, horregatik, ikerketa sakonago bat egin liteke. * Jose Begiristain Saria, euskaraz Aurkeztutako Gradu Amaierako Lan onenari (Gipuzkoako Sendagileen Elkargo Ofiziala
Online farmazia-arreta onkologiaren arloan: eredu pilotu berriak garatzen
Get PDFGoal: Describing an online pharmaceutical care (PC) pilot model and evaluating its feasibility and usefulness.Method: A prospective descriptive and exploratory study of online PC was conducted, during 12 weeks, in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma with oral antineoplastic agent treatment. PC included: 1) providing information about their medication and adverse reactions; 2) performing adverse reactions questionnaires and a weight and blood pressure follow-up and 3) establishing a direct patient-pharmacist communication channel. All was performed online through the “Health Folder”. Measured variables were adherence to the PC program, the communication channel utilization and patients´ satisfaction.Results: 24 patients were interviewed and four (16.7%) of them were included in the study. The low participation was due to: a) not being internet user (37.5% of the interviewed); b) not applying for the personal “Health Folder” access code (41.7% of the interviewed). Adherence to the PC program was medium, high or very high in all the study patients. All of them used the new communication channel to make their inquiries. In general, all were satisfied with the service received.Conclusion: With the available resources we have in Osakidetza, the development of online PC seems feasible. Patients´ satisfaction with the service received supports its usefulness. Low participation was the main limitation, and was probably conditioned by the patients´ advanced age and lack of knowledge about “Health Folder”. Foreseeing a greater participation of future generations, we should invest in developing pioneer online PC models.Helburua: Online eskainitako farmazia-arretaren (FA) eredu pilotu bat deskribatzea eta haren bideragarritasuna eta erabilgarritasuna aztertzea.Metodoa: Online eskainitako FA zerbitzuaren esplorazio-izaerako ikerketa prospektiboa eta deskribatzailea egin zen, 12 astez, minbiziaren aurkako aho bidezko agenteekin tratatutako giltzurrun-minbizi aurreratua zuten pazienteetan. FA zerbitzua honetan oinarritzen zen: 1) medikazioari eta ondorio kaltegarriei buruzko informazioa ematea; 2) ondorio kaltegarrien galdetegiak eta pisuaren eta tentsio arterialaren jarraipena egitea; eta 3) pazientearen eta farmazialariaren arteko zuzeneko komunikazio-kanal bat ezartzea. Dena online, Osasun Karpetaren bitartez. Neurtutako aldagaiak FA programaren atxikidura, ezarritako komunikazio-kanalaren erabilera eta pazienteen gogobetetzea izan ziren.Emaitzak: 24 pazienteri egin zitzaien elkarrizketa eta horietatik lauk (% 16,7k) hartu zuten parte ikerketan. Parte-hartze urriaren arrazoi nagusiak: a) Internet ez erabiltzea (elkarrizketatuen % 37,5), eta b) Osasun Karpetara sartzeko pasahitzak ez izapidetzea (elkarrizketatuen % 41,7). Ikerketan parte hartu zuten pazienteen atxikidura ertaina, handia eta oso handia izan zen, eta denek erabili zuten komunikazio-kanal berria kontsultak egiteko. Oro har, guztiak gustura agertu ziren jasotako zerbitzuarekin.Ondorioak: Osakidetzan eskuragarri dauzkagun baliabideekin, badirudi posible dela online FA garatzea. Pazienteak jasotako zerbitzuarekin pozik dagoela adierazteak haren erabilgarritasuna baieztatzen du. Muga nagusia parte-hartze urria izan zen, seguruenik pazienteen adin aurreratuak eta Osasun Karpetaren inguruko ezjakintasunak baldintzatuta. Etorkizuneko belaunaldien parte-hartze handiagoa aurreikusiz, online FAren eredu aitzindariak garatzen inbertitu beharko genuke
Parkinson gaixotasunaren biomarkatzaile klinikoen paperaren azterketa, ikuspegi epidemiologiko batetik
Get PDFParkinson’s Disease (PD) is a movement-related neurodegenerative disorder. The overall prevalence of PD in the total population is around 0,1-0,3% and its etiology is hitherto unknown. Even if the disease has classically been defined as a pure motor movement disorder, non-motor symptoms (NMS), such as disautonomic, sensorial, emotional and sleeping disturbances, are also frequent in the earliest stages of the disease. Due to their early presentation, these NMS may serve as useful clinical biomarkers. Genetic forms are responsible of 15% of PD cases. Missense mutations in LRRK2 were first identified as a cause of PD in 2004 and nowadays are known to be the main factor in contributing to the genetic development of PD. One of these mutations seemed to be especially frequent in population of Basque ascent. With the aim of assessing the disease prevalence in the area, an epidemiological study was conducted in 2009 within the communities of Azkoitia and Azpeitia. Not only was the prevalence studied but also the appearance of NMS as possible biomarkers of PD was analyzed. Based on this, we thought that it would be interesting to study the same population sample that was previously analyzed in 2009, 10 years after. The purpose was to determine the relevance of age, NMS and environmental factors on PD development. In the conducted research, out of the whole sample studied in 2009 (232), information about 173 individuals was found. According to the results, there was an increment of PD along with the increase of the sample’s average age. Besides, the REM sleep behaviour disorder appears to be the most significant clinical biomarker of PD as well as the most meaningful risk factor to develop PD in the near future. All these outcomes need to be treated with some caution due to the reduced size of the sample analyzed.Parkinson gaixotasuna (PG), mugimenduen nahasmenduekin erlazionatutako gaixotasun neurodegeneratibo bat da. Populazio totalaren prebalentzia % 0,1-0,3 inguruan dago eta haren etiologia ez da guztiz ezaguna oraindik. Nahiz eta klasikoki gaixotasun motor bezala definitu izan den, badaude gaixotasunaren hasierako faseetan presente egon ohi diren zenbait sintoma ez motor (SEM) gaixoen % 90ean. Horien artean daude nahaste disautonomikoak, sintoma sentsorialak eta emozionalak, eta lo-nahasmenduak. Sintoma horiek goiz agertzen direnez, garrantzitsuak dira biomarkatzale klinikoak bilakatu daitezkeelako. Forma genetikoak PGaren kasuen % 15 dira eta ideia horren inguruan 2004. urtean LRRK2 genearen lehen mutazioa aurkitu zen, orain arte gaixotasuna garatzeko arriskua areagotzen duen faktore genetiko garrantzitsuena. Mutazio horietako bat euskal jatorriko biztanleen artean ohikoa zela ohartu ziren. Testuinguru horretan, gaixotasunaren prebalentzia jakin nahian, ikerketa epidemiologiko bat egin zen Azkoitian eta Azpeitian. Prebalentziaz gain, beste zenbait aldagairen artean, biomarkatzaile horien maiztasuna ere aztertu zen. Lagin berbera hamar urte pasa ondoren aztertzea interesgarria litzateke, adina, SEMen agerpena edota ingurumen-faktoreen garrantzia ikertzeko. Medikuntzako Gradu Amaierako Lana izan den ikerketa honetan, 2009an parte hartu zuten 232 pertsonetatik, 173ren informazioa jaso ahal izan da. Emaitzek diotenez, adinarekin bat, PGaren kasuen gorakada egon da. Gainera, REM loaren jokabide-alterazioak (TCSR/REMJA) etorkizunean PGa garatzeko arriskua iragar lezakeen biomarkatzaile nagusia direla ikusi da. Emaitza hauek guztiak lanak dituen mugekin aztertu behar dira, laginaren tamaina txikia baita
Euskarazko arreta espezializatuaren aktibazioa Osakidetzako Barrualde-Galdakao Erakunde Sanitario Integratuan
Get PDFIn 2015 we began to register the linguistic choice of the citizens of our region, that is, the language in which they wanted to communicate orally in the healthcare activity.From the first moment, we clearly saw that, based on the linguistic competence of our professionals, we had to reorganize our human resources in order to offer healthcare, according to the linguistic choice of the citizen. And so we have done, starting in Primary Care and continuing in Specialized Care. As of today we can affirm that we have a wide active fixed offer of external consultations for specialized care in Basque2015ean gure eskualdeko herritarren hizkuntza-hautua erregistratzen hasi ginen, hau da, jardun asistentzialean ahoz zein hizkuntzatan komunikatu nahi zuten.Lanketa hori hastearekin batera, berriz, argi ikusi genuen, gure profesionalen hizkuntza gaitasunaren argitan, giza baliabideok berrantolatu egin behar zirela, herritarraren hizkuntza-hautuaren araberako osasun-arreta eskaintzeko. Eta halaxe egin dugu, lehen mailako arretan hasteko, eta ondoren, arreta espezializatuan. Egun, arreta espezializatuko kanpo-kontsultetan euskarazko eskaintza aktibo finko zabala daukagu
