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David, Prieur, and Robert: Artistic Architects of the French Revolution
Get PDFIn the absence of mass media and high literacy rates, art became a powerful tool for spreading revolutionary sentiment among the populace during the French Revolution. Hubert Robert, Jean-Louis Prieur, and Jacques-Louis David all employed varying levels of embellishment in their artistic creations in order to promote the Revolution. By analyzing the works of these three artists with three widely different scopes, the importance and impact of embellishment in patriotic artwork is fully revealed. The influence and objectives of Robert, Prieur, and David differed greatly and the level of embellishment that can be seen in their creations is affected by these notions. This implies that artists of the French Revolution were not only passive revolutionaries but instead, shaped the socio-political landscape through their talents.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1058/thumbnail.jp
Uterine Amulets and Gynecological Texts: The Wandering Womb and Ancient Greek Society and Culture
Get PDFThe Ancient Greeks believed in the Wandering Womb – a condition where the womb wreaks havoc on the female body when deprived of sexual stimulation. However, this belief had a significant influence on Ancient Greek society, culture, and gender roles, beyond that of a normal disease. This paper analyzes the origin of common beliefs about women present in Uterine Amulets and ancient Greek gynecological texts to determine the effect the Wandering Womb had on Ancient Greece. This research suggests that traditional Greek gender roles, expectations, and practices were directly influenced by the common belief in the Wandering Womb, and thus the mythological, societal, and cultural origins from which its ideas originate. By making these connections clear, this research contributes to further understanding on the origin of ancient Greek gender roles and to discussions regarding the link between beliefs and gender inequality in the modern age.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1090/thumbnail.jp
Computational Photochemistry of Commercial Tattoo Pigments
Get PDFThough tattooing dates back millennia, modern tattooing uses molecular pigments that have only been incorporated into tattooing in the last 50 years or so. Coupled with the dramatic increase in the popularity of tattooing, there is also an increased interest in the population of tattoo removal. In our study, we investigated the toxic effects of various pigments commonly found in tattoo ink on BJ human dermal fibroblasts with exposure to visible light. We tested organic and inorganic pigments that contain azo (i.e., nitrogen-nitrogen double bond) and non-azo functional groups and were exposed to dermal fibroblasts at various concentrations in the absence and presence of visible light. Computational chemistry was used to determine whether shining visible light onto tattoo pigment molecules affects the cleavage of azo bonds.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1107/thumbnail.jp
Variation in Gall Size Between the Native and Expanded Range of a Range-expanding Gall Wasp Mediates Interactions and Influences Survivorship
Get PDFNeuroterus saltatorius is a gall wasp that has expanded its range poleward in North American western oak ecosystems as a result of anthropogenic change and is outbreaking in its expanded range. This research compared its interactions with parasitoid wasps and its host plant between the native and expanded ranges to uncover how altered interactions contribute to outbreaks. This study investigates relationships between gall size, survivorship, and parasitism. We determined the survivorship and gall size of 2,259 galls in 12 native and expanded range sites, using R Studio to compare mean and variation of gall size and survivorship between regions. Native region trees have more intraspecific variation in size and survivorship with a lower mean survivorship. This suggests that trees in the native range are more resistant and potentially more diverse. Gall size is larger in the expanded range and in parasitized galls, and failed galls are smaller than survived galls.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1124/thumbnail.jp
The Limits of Empathy Beyond Political Comfort Zones: An Investigation of the Absence of Empathy for Victims of October 7th
Get PDFRecent scholarship in social psychology and political science highlights how people can struggle to empathize with those who hold opposing political ideologies. As a case study, this research turns to the current climate of anti-Jewish and anti-Israel sentiment amid the Israel-Hamas War. It explores the double standard demonstrated by prominent feminist organizations such as UN Women and the #MeToo Movement––and prestigious universities such as Harvard and Penn––which had strikingly muted or belated responses to the sexual violence perpetrated against Jewish and Israeli women on October 7th, and to the rise of antisemitism globally. The goal of this research is to raise awareness about harmful, non-empathetic rhetoric rapidly permeating the world as a result of Hamas’s atrocities on October 7th. This project aims to expose a double standard of empathy and work towards peace and empathy for all.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1134/thumbnail.jp
Understanding Maternal Health Information-Seeking Behavior
Get PDFMothers wield significant influence in determining their children\u27s health and well-being. Yet research reveals a troubling trend of distrust towards healthcare providers, hindering effective healthcare access and delivery. Thus, this study seeks to identify the sources of health information mothers consult for advice and examines how these can inform the development of interventions aimed at enhancing health education and outcomes. Using standardized question guides, mothers were prompted to identify sources of advice regarding decision-making concerning their children’s health and evaluate their perceived value. A theme recurring across focus groups was weariness for healthcare providers: mothers worried that providers did not have sufficient concern for their worries. Generally, mothers prioritized information from individuals whom they had personal connections over qualified individuals with whom they had no social relationship with. Recognizing the significance of information-seeking behavior within the healthcare field presents an opportunity for intervention.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1137/thumbnail.jp
Enhancing Intimate Partner Violence Assessments: Creating Equitable Tools for Spanish-Speaking Communities
Get PDFIntimate partner violence (IPV) is abuse or aggression within a romantic relationship. To prevent severe consequences, assessment is needed to understand IPV in its entirety prior to putting an intervention into place. English speakers in the United States have numerous instruments available, but there is a much more limited selection for Spanish speakers (Hendershot et al. under review). Herein, this research aims to discuss the best practices and importance for assessment in IPV while highlighting our ongoing efforts in IPV assessment through creating a measure. This initiative is crucial as it broadens the scope of IPV research and intervention strategies, ensuring inclusivity and effectiveness across diverse linguistic groups. Ultimately, the goal is to enhance understanding and support for IPV victims by providing equitable assessment resources, a step toward more comprehensive and culturally sensitive IPV interventions.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1142/thumbnail.jp
Caffeine Consumption, Sleep Quality and Exercise Among College Students
Get PDFSleep plays an extremely important role in day to day functioning, contributing to improving cognitive, physical, and emotional health. Lifestyle choices such as caffeine intake and exercise frequency may influence sleep quality. This study intends to assess the relationship between caffeine consumption, sleep quality, and exercise. About 1360 individuals participated in an anonymous, self-reported survey including questions regarding sleep quality, caffeine consumption, and exercise. The questionnaire was generated on Google Forms and distributed via social media. Various negative correlations between caffeine consumption and quality sleep were detected. There are negative correlations between caffeine consumption with feeling refreshed after sleep and sleep duration (p\u3c0.01). Additionally, there was a positive correlation between satisfaction with current sleep pattern and average weekly exercise (p\u3c0.01). These findings suggest that increased caffeine consumption is associated with greater sleep disturbances and a reduction in exercise routine and performance.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1143/thumbnail.jp
Does Fiction Make Us More Empathetic? Psychological, Literary, and Philosophical Perspectives
Get PDFAvid readers often praise fiction for helping them understand others’ perspectives, and considerable research suggests an empirical basis for this connection. However, research on fiction’s interpersonal effects generally deals with sub-components of empathy (theory of mind, out-group bias, emotional empathy, etc), yielding disorganized results. It remains unclear what the overarching pattern is, and what fiction we ought to read to better understand others. This project contributes to this field by synthesizing existing research in a podcast format. Through interviews with cognitive scientists, philosophers, and literary scholars, it asks what central patterns can be derived from the empirical data and which forms of fiction most consistently correlate with which aspect(s) of empathy. Additionally, this research discusses the more contentious philosophical question of whether or not these social traits, potentially cultivated through fiction, are ethically useful. Lastly, this project explores how this information should influence the way our society engages with fiction.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1144/thumbnail.jp
A Measure of Interactive Complexity in Network Models
Get PDFThis work presents an innovative approach to understanding and measuring complexity in network models. We revisit several classic characterizations of complexity and propose a novel measure that represents complexity as an interactive process. This measure incorporates transfer entropy and Jensen-Shannon divergence to quantify both the information transfer within a system and the dynamism of its constituents’ state changes. To validate our measure, we apply it to several well-known simulation models implemented in Python, including: two models of residential segregation, Conway’s Game of Life, and the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model. Our results reveal varied trajectories of complexity, demonstrating the efficacy and sensitivity of our measure in capturing the nuanced interplay of interactivity and dynamism in different systems. The results corroborate the notion that heterogeneity and stochasticity increase system complexity. This study contributes to the field by proposing a measure that not only quantifies the amount of complexity present in a system but also emphasizes the process of “complexing,“ marking a semantic shift from viewing complexity solely as an attribute or condition. Our findings underscore the significance of considering both interactivity and dynamism in defining and measuring complexity. The study also acknowledges limitations related to computational resources and the simplification of transfer entropy calculations, setting a clear path for future research in refining and expanding this measure of complexity