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The Effects of Temperature on Rapid Body Color Change in Anolis Aquaticus
Get PDFRapid body color change is well documented in animals, but the variety of environmental factors that induce this change are not fully understood. Anolis aquaticus is a tropical lizard with rapid body color changes that uses colder-than-average refugia, namely diving underwater for extended periods, to flee from predators. Using underwater refugia causes these lizards to lose several degrees of body heat. The relationship of low body temperatures on body coloration was tested. First, an observational study was conducted in the field of the correlation between body temperature and body color. Then body temperature was experimentally reduced in the laboratory to observe the effect on body color. Body color was quantified from standardized photographs, and visual modeling was used to determine lizard body coloration changes as seen by their primary predators (birds). Preliminary results that document the effect of temperature reductions on body color changes in A. aquaticus are presented.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1051/thumbnail.jp
Long Term Phenological Shifts in Moth Communities in Central New York
Get PDFClimate change has led to phenological shifts for many taxa. Using light trap data documenting moth communities in 1919 and 1922 in Ithaca, NY, historic moth phenology was compared to current iNaturalist observational records for Tompkins County, NY. It was hypothesized that warming temperatures over the last century would result in earlier emergence of the first brood, longer flight periods, and more generations per year. The week in the year that a species was first seen, climaxed, and last seen for each species that was observed historically in both 1919 and 1922 was recorded. Moth species have experienced a shift to longer flight duration, and are active later in the year than historically observed. Species with plastic voltinism experienced an increase in broods per year. The local extirpation of six species was also observed. Global change associated with temperature shifts is likely influencing the flight periods of moths in the northeast.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1052/thumbnail.jp
Can Empathetic Portrayals of Substance Use Combat Stigma? A Comparative Analysis
Get PDFA lack of empathy for patients struggling with addiction has been found to lead to negative care outcomes in the healthcare system because of a professional’s prior internalized stigmas. Studies show that addiction treatment services often stigmatize those seeking help, and that media portrayals of substance use disorders may contribute to this stigma. To combat stigma and dehumanization, some scholarship has explored the possible benefits of destigmatizing representations of substance users in visual arts, music, and other media. Such representations, however, have also been criticized as exoticizing or exploiting suffering. This research presents and analyzes two longrunning representations of substance use: the “Voices of Addiction” series from the online magazine The Rumpus and a popular documentary series on YouTube by Soft White Underbelly, which interviews many substance users. This research explores how these portrayals differ depending on whether the representation is created by those affected personally by addiction or by a former commercial photographer.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1088/thumbnail.jp
Equity on the Whiteboard: Implications of Historical Redlining on Educational Outcomes
Get PDFThe merits of first-rate educational practices are seldom disputed; education acts as a pathway to individual prosperity, a cornerstone of community well-being, and—perhaps most importantly—a proxy for social mobility. Implications of historical redlining, however, have diminished access to educational opportunities, particularly in marginalized communities. Current literature largely uses traditional metrics, such as per pupil expenditures, to measure educational success; however, this analysis employs more holistic inquiry, leveraging survey data from the NYC Department of Education’s “School Quality Snapshot.” Through spatial analysis and regression models, this research will examine disparities in educational outcomes between redlined neighborhoods across the Bronx, exploring factors including community trust and effective school leadership. In areas historically designated as “undesirable,” this research expects fewer respondents to report favorably on these aspects of educational outcomes. These results may inform targeted interventions and policy reforms to address the root causes of educational disparities in our communities.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1091/thumbnail.jp
How California Can Create a Sovereign Wealth Fund to Support a Basic Income
Get PDFSovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are state-run investment funds used to financially benefit a state and its economy. The sources of a SWF’s revenue may vary but often originate from the monetization of the natural resources of the state. While they exist worldwide, only one SWF, the Alaska Permanent Fund, is used to finance a permanent fund dividend (PFD). A PFD takes a portion of the SWF\u27s money and distributes it equally among the state\u27s population, which makes a PFD a form of basic income. This paper discusses how California might create its own SWF from the state\u27s natural resources––land, oil, etc.––to fund a per capita annual payment. The Alaska Permanent Fund will serve as a model for this study, and estimates of the value of California\u27s natural resources will be made through analysis of government and public databases.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1092/thumbnail.jp
Would Basic Income Reduce Worker Motivation? A Review of the Evidence
Get PDFAdvocates of basic income tout the policy as a solution to poverty. Yet debates exist over whether it might backfire and sap the motivation of low-wage workers, leading to an exodus of labor from low-pay jobs. Studies have shown that financial incentives often reduce the motivation of individuals to work, and this is a possibility with basic income. Drawing on work in economics, psychology, and public policy, this research seeks to determine the likelihood of this outcome. It analyzes the possible effects on labor force participation rates, exploring arguments from both sides as to whether this concern about basic income is credible. After doing so, the following concern would be the degree to which this would affect society, as with lower-wage jobs potentially losing a portion of their volume of work, their performance would be severely hindered.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1093/thumbnail.jp
A Sustainable Future: Revitalizing Wood Fly Ash
Get PDFWith the rising use of wood as a source of energy in the United States, the harmful wastes of leftover wood fly ash pose a multitude of negative impacts on the environment. Specifically, the disposal of fly ash in landfills and destruction of trees to supply the resource perpetuates our surrounding environmental and climate issues. Thus, our study aims to combat the harmful effects of wood fly ash to limit the pollution and damage of wood energy. Through our experiment, we attempt to find a solution to utilize wood fly ash in environmentally friendly ways. In particular, our study focuses on composting mixtures of mulch in conjunction with different percentages of fly ash to determine the most effective product for fertilizing soil. As our economy shifts towards sustainable energy sources, our research attempts to reduce the carbon footprint of wood fly ash and strive towards a greener and cleaner Earth.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1106/thumbnail.jp
The Impact of Diet on Mood
Get PDFDiet quality, mostly food groups, and quantities influences behaviors and thoughts. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between diet quality and mood which could be used to improve overall well-being. An anonymous online survey was administered through Google Forms and distributed through multiple social media platforms, as well as Survey Swap, YikYak, and simply asking friends and family. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions on daily diets, supplements, and average stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Pearsons’s Correlation Analysis was utilized using SPSS version 28.0. Our data proposes an overall healthier diet is associated with a more positive mood and overall well-being. The results from this study can be used as a resource to determine how certain foods can be more beneficial to people compared to others.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1115/thumbnail.jp
Family Acceptance of LGBT Youths in Media and Parasocial Empathy
Get PDFThis study examined the effects of familial acceptance of LGBT teens in TV shows and how these representations affect viewer empathy. Fifty-four participants aged 18-54 were sampled. Participants responded to a survey in which they viewed 3 video clips of coming-out scenes, one from Glee (low acceptance), one from Love, Victor (medium acceptance), and one from Heartstopper (high acceptance). Participants then gave Likert scale responses to questions measuring how accurately they recognized interpersonal dynamics in the scenes. Preliminary results show that the most amount of variation in reaction comes from the clip from Love, Victor (?=0.996), and the least comes from the clip from Heartstopper (?=0.366). It was also found that participants strongly agreed the interactions were negative in low-acceptance clips, participants neither agree nor disagree the interaction was positive or negative in medium-acceptance clips, and participants strongly agreed the interaction was positive in high-acceptance clips. Thus far, the results indicate that participants have the most empathy for positive coming out scenes, as measured in accurate emotional recognition with the least amount of variance, where the character is accepted and supported.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1121/thumbnail.jp
The Ideal Woman: How Ancient Medical Beliefs Have Influenced Modern American Women\u27s Health and Place in Society
Get PDFScholars often consider Ancient Greek and Roman gynecology the basis of the modern medical field. However, there are other ways that this field has bled into facets of the modern woman’s life in often toxic ways. This research used feminist theories and the idea of male domination to look at the ways in which ancient thoughts on gynecology have influenced modern American society. By looking at ancient medical texts and more modern analysis of women’s medicine and place in ancient society, a clearer path to modern thought can be seen. This research can then introduce some parallels that we see in women’s expected looks, domesticity, lack of bodily autonomy, and sexual repression. By drawing these comparisons and showing connections this research can show that there are still parts of society relying on outdated ideas and barriers that have created the idea of the “ideal woman.”https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1138/thumbnail.jp