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Reduced Intraspecific Variation in Foliar Micro and Macronutrients among Quercus Garryana Trees in the Expanded Range May Contribute to Outbreaks of a Range Expanding Insect
Get PDFDue to the effects of rising global temperatures and the abrupt changes in ecosystems, phytophagous insects are expanding their ranges poleward. An oak gall wasp,Neuroterous saltatoris, has expanded its range from mainland North America to Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and is outbreaking in its expanded range causing damage to its host plants Quercus garryana. Q. garryana has reduced genetic diversity with decreased intraspecific variation towards the poles. This research group collected leaves from trees that ranged from low to highly infested. Leaves were dried and ground and levels of macronutrients and micronutrients were measured. Higher intraspecific variation in nutrients were found among trees in the native compared to the expanded range, which may underlie patterns of higher patchiness of N. saltatorius-infested trees in the native range. It was also determined what nutrients are influencing the infestation of N. saltatorius.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1141/thumbnail.jp
The Impact of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), Infrastructure, and Decentralization on Pandemic Restrictions
Get PDFThis research compares a country\u27s mandate to shift to remote work between the federal and regional levels in comparison to PPP. We focus on how economic factors determine a country\u27s ability to move to remote work and at what level of government the decision is made. The findings suggest that while there was variation in which level of government issued work-from-home requirements, there were strong trends for most mandates to come from the federal level. Moreover, an overwhelming majority of countries issued such federal mandates regardless of PPP. We then compare PPP per capita and the stringency of public transportation restrictions in low-income countries, expecting that countries with lower PPPs would have the incentive to keep public transportation available. At higher PPPs, population would likely have more access to technology and the ability to shift to remote work, and they also likely have more access to personal vehicles and rely less on public transportation. The findings show low correlation, but there are notable trends in the data. Our research suggests that there is room for further exploration with a broader range of observations and controls, including political and institutional controls. Additionally, we query whether countries with empowered sub-national governments saw more policy decisions on the regional level rather than the national one. Our findings here are generally null but open the door for future research on regional policy autonomy in unitary systems and potential decision space thresholds for crisis response
Enhancing RNA-lipid nanoparticle delivery: Organ- and cell-specificity and barcoding strategies
Get PDFRecent advancements in RNA therapeutics highlight the critical need for precision gene delivery systems that target specific organs and cells. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as key vectors in delivering mRNA and siRNA, offering protection against enzymatic degradation, enabling targeted delivery and cellular uptake, and facilitating RNA cargo release into the cytosol. This review discusses the development and optimization of organ- and cell-specific LNPs, focusing on their design, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic applications. We explore innovations such as DNA/RNA barcoding, which facilitates high-throughput screening and precise adjustments in formulations. We address major challenges, including improving endosomal escape, minimizing off-target effects, and enhancing delivery efficiencies. Notable clinical trials and recent FDA approvals illustrate the practical applications and future potential of LNP-based RNA therapies. Our findings suggest that while considerable progress has been made, continued research is essential to resolve existing limitations and bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of RNA therapeutics. This review highlights the dynamic progress in LNP research. It outlines a roadmap for future advancements in RNA-based precision medicine
FIFA Football Analytics Dashboard
No full textThe dashboard display records played from 1930 to 2014 by various players. Additionally, it provides specific stats for each year selected, offering a comprehensive view of how the game evolves over time by delivering feeds and statistics in one place
Data Portraits with Dear Data Binghamton
No full textUsing tools created by Dear Data Binghamton, I will lead a data portrait activity for audience members. The portrait involves reflection on one\u27s personal data and the possibilities for visualization with the goal of promoting data literacy
Saamaka: Protest Mapping and Ecology in Suriname
Get PDFThe Saamaka, one of Suriname’s six Afro-descendant maroon groups, have lived in the rainforest since they escaped slavery in the colonial era, adapting Indigenous foods and materials to survive in a new environment. In 1762 the Dutch signed a treaty that recognized Saamaka freedom and autonomy one hundred years before the abolition of slavery. However, the Saamaka have struggled against persistent attempts at ecocide by the Dutch colonial government and then, since independence, by the Surinamese state. This article highlights the plight of tribal and Indigenous groups in Suriname, especially the Saamaka, who have protested against logging and mining by demanding rights to their lands. The article relies both on qualitative interviews with maroon and Indigenous groups as well as Surinamese literature, especially Anton de Kom and Cynthia McLeod, to understand the Saamaka’s own ecological awareness vis-à-vis their representation as forest peoples. The article critiques alphabetic literacy as limiting of Indigenous and maroons’ use of orality, which emphasizes collectivism. The interviews show the innovative techniques through which Indigenous and Black ecologies define the relationship of humans to their environment in the Guiana Shield. Indigenous and maroon cartographic and spatial practices are confirmed through interviews and storytelling
Therapeutic failure reported with HIV long-acting injectables: An analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System from 2021 to 2024
Get PDFObjectives: We examined adverse event (AE) reports relating to cabotegravir/ rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), focusing on therapeutic failure (TF) and non-therapeutic failure (NTF) outcomes. Methods: FAERS is a database of AE and medication error reports from post-marketing surveillance. The study was granted exempt approval by the Binghamton University Institutional Review Board. We queried reports for CAB/RPV in the FAERS system from 1 January 2021 to 31 March 2024. TFs were defined as involving any of the following terms: viral load increased, virological failure, pathogen resistance, blood HIV RNA increased, treatment failure, drug ineffective, viral mutation identified, viraemia, and therapy non-responder. The top 20 most common AEs were also identified. Means, standard deviations, and percentages were used to characterize the sample. Results: The study cohort consisted of 2605 reports. The reported sex of the study cohort was 50% male (n = 1295), 19% female (n = 505), and 31% unspecified (n = 805), with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 46.9± 12.4 years (n = 378). The top three most reported AEs were TFs, product dose omissions, and injection site pain, with 377 (14.5%), 354 (13.6%), and 331 (12.7%) cases, respectively. The mean ± SD weight of people with a report of TF versus NTF was 101.8 ± 33.4 kg and 87.7 ± 26.7 kg, respectively (p = 0.0175). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that healthcare professionals should have a heightened awareness of potential challenges with CAB/RPV administration, including TFs and dose omissions in real-world settings
Review: Careers in Music Libraries IV, edited by Misti Shaw and Susannah Cleveland
Get PDFThe Careers in Music Librarianship series has come into its own as a staple of the music library literature in the more than 30 years since its first entry, Careers in Music Librarianship: Perspectives from the Field, compiled by Carol Tatian. Its successors, Careers in Music Librarianship II: Traditions and Transitions, edited by Paula Elliot and Linda Blair and Careers in Music Librarianship III: Reality and Reinvention), edited by Susannah Cleveland and Joe C. Clark, each in their own way responded to both the critical discourse around their preceding edition and the emerging trends of the profession. This continues with the latest entry, Careers in Music Libraries IV. More than just a title change in using Libraries instead of Librarianship, CML IV seeks to expand the scope and relevance of the copious advice in its chapters to more fully embrace the work of “paraprofessional and support staff, archivists, musicians looking to apply their skills in the library field, and liaisons whose disciplines go beyond the confines of music” (p. viii). This ambitious goal is met through a combination of new contributions from across the profession and updated or expanded chapters from CML III, resulting in a text nearly twice the length of its predecessor