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Hedgehog Signaling and Congenital Disorders; the Case of Anencephaly and Polydactyly
Get PDFThe Hedgehog pathway is a fundamental signaling pathway in the human body; involved in carcinogenesis, stem cell maintenance, as well as limb patterning in embryonic development. Originally discovered in drosophila, their initial discovery, and subsequent analysis revealed many novel pieces of information about the mechanisms inside the human body, as many core components of the signaling pathway are carried over from fruit flies to humans. Because of the key roles hedgehog signaling plays in human development, dysfunction and mutations in the pathway can be detrimental. This review will focus on two congenital birth defects thought to be caused by hedgehog signaling dysfunction; anencephaly, and polydactyly. Both disorders that produce notable effects on the human body, but yet have differing manifestations and severities
Development of a Medication-Use Evaluation Template for Andexanet Alfa in the Reversal of Anticoagulation With Factor Xa Inhibitors
Get PDFMedication-use evaluations are meant to ensure that medication-use processes are consistent with prevailing standards of care, assure optimal use of therapy, and reduce the risk of medication-related problems. Reversal agents for direct oral anticoagulants are a worthy focus for medication-use evaluations for reasons of efficacy, safety, and cost. A multidisciplinary team of experts developed 2 medication-use evaluation templates illustrating the application of professional society guidelines to the appropriate use of andexanet alfa
Rivaroxaban Versus Apixaban: A Comparison Without a Simple Solution
Get PDFSince the original Beers Criteria were developed in 1991 and subsequently expanded in 1997, the American Geriatric Society (AGS) Beers Criteria has become a very useful source of information to optimize patient safety and minimize patient harm in older adults (age older than 65 years).1 Recently, the AGS published its 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults.2 This 2023 publication reviewed evidence published between 2017 and 2022 in order to update the previously published AGS 2019 Beers Criteria. The review we present below is focused solely on the recommendations within the 2019 and 2023 AGS publications pertaining to anticoagulation with the direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs). We are concerned with the changes in the AGS recommendations for rivaroxaban, relative to apixaban, outlined in the 2023 publication.2 As stated in the 2023 publication, “The recommendation for rivaroxaban has changed from ‘use with caution,’ to ‘avoid’ for long-term treatment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE), with the rationale being that observational studies and network meta-analyses find that this drug confers a higher risk of major and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in older adults than other DOACs, particularly apixaban but also dabigatran.”2 The basis of this text is concerning to us as health care providers for older adults (age older than 65 years), who require oral anticoagulation
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - November 2024
Get PDFHappy November Bearcats! This month’s issue is full of campus sustainability news, such as the Sustainability Cup launch, and updates from several student organizations. Also check out our seed and recipe of the month, sustainable swap suggestions, and a guide to having a sustainable Thanksgiving and Black Friday
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - February 2024
Get PDFIn this newsletter, check out a TerraCycling Alternative to reduce your plastic waste, borrow a birding kit for the global count, and learn about campus food insecurity! Also learn how you can get started growing seeds and read sustainability books by Black authors. Finally, check out an art feature, upcoming events, and sustainability announcements
Evidence Synthesis Methodology: Promoting Reproducible Methodology through Modified Assignments
Get PDFInitially, systematic reviews in healthcare served to synthesize findings from clinical studies, aiding comprehensive access to the most effective treatments within evidence-based practice. Over time, their scope has broadened beyond treatment effectiveness, leading to a surge in publication. Consequently, many health science faculty now assign systematic reviews in classrooms without a full grasp of the standardized process, leaving students ill-equipped due to insufficient guidance and resources.
While mastering systematic review techniques is crucial for evidence-based practice, faculty can opt for modified assignments to foster a deeper understanding of the review process. These modified tasks, can be completed within a semester, and can still equip future healthcare professionals with the skills to contribute to high-quality research without overwhelming them. By implementing the recommended modified assignments, healthcare professionals can be better prepared to engage in robust evidence-building throughout their careers and feel confident in their research skills
The Avalon Historic Petroglyphs Project: Investigating Historic Graffiti and Petroglyphs on Newfoundland’s Eastern Avalon Peninsula
Get PDFNewfoundland’s Avalon Peninsula contains many examples of petroglyphs, historic graffiti and inscriptions/engravings dating from the 17th to 20th centuries. This paper highlights the sites of Kingman’s Cove (CfAf-25) and Brigus South (CgAf-21), the computational photography and conservation techniques used in their recording, and current interpretations on who made them, why, when, and what they represent. The results show the broad potential of historic inscriptions for understanding the movements of people who are often poorly represented in the documentary record, the importance of peripheral landscapes and features as foci for self-expression, place-making and remembrance, and the need for innovative methodologies to record these ephemeral and endangered features. Furthermore, these sites are often of continued relevance to local communities (whose intimate landscape knowledge is typically required for their study) while also bearing a contemporary legacy as seen in nearby similar spatially-focused areas of modern graffiti
The Case for Closing the U.S. Prison at Guantanamo Bay
Get PDFOne of the secret CIA black sites that the U.S. government made use of was held at Guantanamo Bay detention facility in Cuba. It was used to torture suspected terrorists into providing intelligence following the terrorist attacks of September 11. Despite the end of the use of this black site, thirty detainees remain there today. Guantanamo detainees have often been captured from their homeland, then forcibly disappeared, and brought to the detention facility for indefinite detention and interrogation prior to having been charged with a crime. Despite their knowledge against its use, the U.S. government authorized the use of these “enhanced interrogation techniques” despite their being in violation of the Torture Statute and the DTA as well as several international frameworks. The goal of this article is to locate the contradictions between these legal frameworks and first-hand accounts to prove that human rights violations were committed at Guantanamo Bay detention facility and suggest that all the remaining prisoners should either be tried in a court of law for their alleged crimes or should be set free as soon as possible. This article will do so by comparing the violation of these rights to first-hand accounts from several Guantanamo memoirs
Food Insecurity in Broome County & Tompkins County
Get PDFFood Sustainability is a multifaceted issue encompassing global health, environmental conservation, and social equity. This study investigates food insecurity and sustainability initiatives in Broome County and Tompkins County. The research explores the socio-economic impacts of local food initiatives globally and delves into household-level food insecurity as a central focus. By examining the historical context, economic dynamics, and healthcare access, of both counties, the study aims to understand the effectiveness of existing initiatives and identify areas for improvement. The study provides a comparative analysis of sustainable food practices between two counties using data from various sources and insights from interviews with community leaders. The findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive solutions to address food insecurity while fostering sustainable food systems for resilient communities.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1012/thumbnail.jp
Molecular Delineation of Parasitoid Community Interacting with a Range-expanding Host to Reveal Altered Interactions under Range Expansions
Get PDFThe effects of changing conditions due to climate change on species interactions are not fully understood. One outcome is that species undergo range expansions, but interactions may become out of sync as species move at different rates. Oak gall wasp species, Neuroterus saltatorius, has undergone a recent poleward range expansion from mainland western North America to Vancouver Island, British Columbia. To uncover if and how interactions with parasitoid wasps were altered under expansions, including if specialist parasitoids failed to track the host species to its expanded range, we sequenced parasitoid wasps reared out of N. saltatorius at sites throughout the native and expanded range. DNA extractions and PCR were performed on different morphospecies to sequence the Universal barcoding gene (CO1). Sequences were blasted to find the closest match in GenBank databases, and confirm families. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for each wasp family, and we used molecular delineation approaches to delineate clades.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1016/thumbnail.jp