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Computational Study of Rhenium Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction
Get PDFCO2 reduction is of significant interest in environmental matters and energy conservation efforts. Computational chemistry allows us to simulate chemical systems involving CO2 and understand the reaction mechanism for research purposes. Here, we perform density functional theory calculations on rhenium electrocatalysts with the addition of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur aromatic substrates to obtain the transition states and critical intermediates of the reactions of CO2 reduction to CO. This pathway, which involves H2O as the proton source, is a two-proton two-electron reaction. The computed Gibbs free energies will tell us if rhenium is a promising CO2 electrocatalyst.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1056/thumbnail.jp
Rambam’s Mishneh Torah and Its Survival from Hand to Hand
Get PDFThroughout all of history, the Jewish people have been persecuted and forced to flee from their homes, often leaving most of their belongings behind. Yet, somehow an edition of Rambam’s Mishneh Torah, printed in the 16th century, survived against all odds and made it from Venice to the U.S over the course of five hundred years. Throughout this time, different individuals’ care has helped preserve the text, but the only hint to their presence are marks found in the book, for example, an odd image of a woman or a mysteriously modern looking bookplate. Looking back to Rambam’s intent in creating the text to further educate the common Jew, the centuries of care that many people have put into ensuring this book’s survival starts to become clearer. By examining these personal decorations further, the enigma of the why and how of this book’s survival will become more transparent.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1060/thumbnail.jp
Perpetuating Racist Stereotypes: The Rise of Amateur Minstrel Shows in Broome County, 1910-1960
Get PDFMinstrel shows were once among the most popular forms of entertainment in America. These performances featured songs, dances, and comic routines--typically performed by white actors in blackface--that demeaned African Americans by portraying them as lazy, unintelligent or buffoonish. While scholars have written volumes about professional minstrel shows in the 19th century and the subsequent use of blackface in movies, amateur minstrel shows have largely been forgotten. This project calls attention to the proliferation of amateur minstrel performances put on in Broome County between roughly 1910 and 1960 by workers’ groups, local clubs, fraternal organizations, schools, and other community-based groups. Drawing primarily on historical newspapers, I examine the organizations involved in producing these shows, the way shows changed, the reasons they remained popular for decades, and the eventual emergence of protests against them.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1076/thumbnail.jp
Mechanistic Investigations of Electron-Primed Photoredox Catalysis
Get PDFWhile single-electron transfer is a crucial step in a wide range of organic syntheses, the common catalysts for this process, alkali metals, are highly hazardous, have poor chemoselectivity, and produce toxic byproducts. Electron-primed photoredox catalysis holds promise as a novel catalytic strategy to replace alkali metals with safer organic photocatalysts. This study attempts to elucidate the currently unknown mechanism of electron-primed photoredox catalysis via the most promising new candidate: reduced 2,4,5,6-tetrakis(diphenylamino)isophtalonitrile [4-DPAIPN]. The external quantum yield of the photocatalyst was established by running quantitative 1H-NMR on aliquots of the studied system after certain known amounts of light exposure. Cyclic voltammetry was run to establish certain kinetic rates of the 4-DPAIPN and the 3M3NTMB. Fluorimetry was performed to analyze the emissive properties of the photocatalyst. While the full mechanism is not yet completely understood, a more comprehensive mechanistic picture of the photocatalyst has been obtained.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1099/thumbnail.jp
Memorable & Demeaning: Rugby Nicknaming Culture in Upstate New York
Get PDFRugby’s social culture in the United States is rare topic of anthropological interest. Similarly, nicknaming conventions have infrequently been acknowledged as an anthropological phenomenon despite being a critical aspect of the way humans conceptualize each other and create group identities. Nicknames among rugby players are usually pejorative, sexually vulgar, and profane. These nicknames stem from two main factors: situational experiences and the personal characteristics of the player. Through participant observation ethnography, I document nicknaming practices among a variety of rugby players in upstate New York. This paper uses four original case studies to illustrate four major rugby nicknaming concepts: origins, usage, group evolution, and intolerance of self-dubbing. Additionally, I discuss a dubbing that occurred as a direct result of a player’s participation in this ongoing ethnography.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1100/thumbnail.jp
Green Infrastructure: The Limits and Restrictions Concerning Previous Floods
Get PDFGreen infrastructure has been seen recently in the media as a “cure-all” to flood relief, prevention, and air quality and opening jobs for many people. However, its high installation costs and its small water storage capacity question its effectiveness. This paper will highlight the limitations of green infrastructure in the context of past floods, more specifically the floods in Binghamton in 2006 and 2011, as well as the 2023 flooding in New York City as a result of tropical storms. Even with the implementation of green infrastructure in areas, floods can still cause significant damage, raising questions about the efficiency of green infrastructure. By researching the performance of green infrastructure in several scenarios and comparing it to other flood prevention methods, this study aims to identify the restrictions and limitations of green infrastructure and raise more effective flood mitigation methods.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1108/thumbnail.jp
From Southern Roots to Northern Soil: Unearthing the Ku Klux Klan’s Presence on Long Island in the 1920s
Get PDFThe Ku Klux Klan is notorious for its terror and violence against Blacks in the 19th century and during the Civil Rights Era. Between these periods, a “second generation” Klan emerged and transformed into a social movement in part by leveraging mainstream media and propaganda to push xenophobia and ultra-nationalism throughout the country. While many scholars have written about the Klan of the 1920s, its significant presence on Long Island during that period has not been explored. Using historic newspaper databases and first-hand accounts from Klansmen themselves, this research will explore how the Klan gained a following of over 20,000 members in this region during a time of societal upheaval.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1153/thumbnail.jp
Multivariate Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Correlations of the Global Human Rights Dataset
Get PDFWe propose an extension of a previously proposed method for lead-lag analysis of multivariate time series to include the analysis of spatial correlations. We applied the extended spatial and temporal method to CIRIGHTS, a large global human rights dataset, in order to determine the most influential and most influenced indicators of human rights, freedoms, and atrocities over time. We consider four target countries, each from a different continent. The previously proposed method used a weighted directed network with several lags of each variable as nodes and with edges weighted by transfer entropy. In this study, that method is extended to the spatial multivariate time series by investigating geographical correlations between each target country and its surrounding region to determine which variables best represent activity between the target country and the surrounding region. The nodes in this undirected network are variables in the target country and variables in the surrounding region, with edges weighted by mutual information. Eigenvector centrality is used to determine which variables best represent activity between the target country and the surrounding region. Key findings indicate that occupational and worker rights are the most influential and most influenced in the target countries over time and by region, and laws tend to influence future activity
The Genocide of Bosniaks
No full textThis is an analysis of the tragedies of the Bosnian War and the genocide that took place. Looking at the dynamics of political figures\u27 interactions with the public. With an understanding of the manifestation of fear and distrust around and within communities. We look at the book, The Politics of Exile, from Elizabeth Dauphinee where we are able to dive deeper into the micro dynamics at the individual level during the beginning of and during the Bosniak Genocide
