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Pollutant Mitigation in the Gowanus Canal and the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers
Get PDFThe urban Gowanus canal in Brooklyn, NY and the semi-rural portions of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers in Binghamton, NY are polluted commercial water systems that feed into major waterways: the river complex into the Chesapeake Bay and the Gowanus into the New York Bay. The Vestal water supply well, the Endicott Village well, and the Gowanus canal are the corresponding EPA superfund sites, complete with lists of pollutants and a corresponding American Chemical Society breakdown of the risks of the specific pollutant. The shared pollutants were sorted into one of six categories: halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons (with a subcategory for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), phthalates, metals, and other persistent organic pollutants. In addition to the risk of human health, the cost of the cleanup procedure of the categories was also analyzed, with an estimated total cost of complete disposal determined as well, ultimately comparing urban and rural pollutant disposal.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1057/thumbnail.jp
Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling and Potential Environmental Impacts
Get PDFGrowth of Lithium-Ion Battery (LIBs) in consumer electronics and the electric vehicle fleet has highlighted the need to address recycling issues. Recycling of spent LIBs is in its infancy and less than 5% of LIBs are recycled globally. LIBs are manufactured with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are persistent, mobile, and toxic environmental contaminants. Little is known about the environmental risks of LIBs recycling. This research presents an overview of fluorinated compounds used in LIBs. Recognizing the need for LIBs recycling, this project also presents LIBs disposal management methods and their environmental impacts from landfilling and recycling techniques including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and direct recycling. Additionally, this review examines emissions accompanied with pyrometallurgy and produced chemicals related to hydrometallurgy. Further, this project summarizes spent LIBs recycling regulations. This review highlights the need to investigate emissions of fluorinated compounds during battery recycling to eliminate environmental and human health risks and promote sustainable battery management.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1064/thumbnail.jp
Empathy for Caregivers: Analyzing the Significance of an Overlooked Clinical Relationship
Get PDFResearch on empathy in the healthcare field understandably prioritizes the clinician-patient relationship, but the impact of the clinician’s empathetic support for caregivers––family members, friends, and hired care workers––deserves more attention. Caregiver burnout is a significant issue that can negatively impact patient outcomes, particularly in cases of geriatrics, pediatrics, and patients with disabilities. Combining a review of existing scholarship with interviews of healthcare workers and caregivers, this study suggests that clinician empathy for caregivers can help alleviate burnout and improve patient outcomes. The research also identifies specific implementations that can be made in healthcare provider training to encourage an empathetic relationship with caregivers. These implementations include caregiver simulations, and training the clinician to ask questions targeting the assessment of caregiver well-being, provide words of affirmation, maintain correct body language, format their healthcare visits, and more. Finally, this project demonstrates the necessity for further research on this overlooked yet impactful clinical relationship.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1072/thumbnail.jp
Food for Thought; An In-depth Look at the Subpar Quality of Campus Food and the Detrimental Effects on Students
Get PDFThis research paper takes an in-depth analysis of Binghamton University students who utilize on-campus dining services and assesses their overall satisfaction with the options provided to them. Using a survey, students were asked a variety of questions to gain an overall understanding of whether or not they believe their nutritional needs are being met by Binghamton University. The results were that 78.4% of students said they had greater access to health-conscious food items at their home, and 94.6% of students agreed that the University is providing less than what they are capable of in terms of healthy food options. These findings indicate that the majority of students are dissatsified by the food options and their nutritional well-being is suffering because of this lack of healthy items. Through spreading awareness about the results, this increases advocacy for student well-being through providing greater access to nutritious dining options.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1083/thumbnail.jp
Associations Between Nutrition, Eating Habits, and Sleep Satisfaction of College Students
Get PDFNutrition provides heavy implications for the function and behavior of college students. This study aimed to establish a relationship between diet choices and sleep satisfaction of college students. A total of 1,356 responses were collected from participants above the age of 18. An anonymous online survey was administered through social media and scheduled lecture times. The data was analyzed through the usage of Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS version 25.0. The results of the survey indicate a positive correlation between consumption of whole grains and sleep satisfaction (p\u3c0.01), flaxseed or other nuts (p\u3c0.01), fruits (p\u3c0.01), green leafy vegetables (p\u3c0.01), and fish oil supplements and shellfish (p\u3c0.05). Additionally, a negative correlation between the consumption of fast foods and sleep satisfaction (p\u3c0.01), consumption of sugary foods and caffeine (p\u3c0.05) was found. Our study suggests that consumption of a nutrition-rich diet may increase an individual\u27s sleep satisfaction.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1084/thumbnail.jp
Health Consequences of Judicial Decisions
Get PDFDickman and others (JAMA Int Med 2024) estimated that there have been 64,565 pregnancies resulting from rape carried to term in the 14 states with total abortion bans since the Supreme Court’s 2022 Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision overturning Roe v Wade. Extensive analyses of the impact of maternal stress, violence, war, and abuse on the genetic imprinting of their developing fetuses indicate that offspring resulting from rape are likely to have altered expression of a number of genes including glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1, IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG that affect fetal growth and development and are associated with imprinting disorders (IDs). Here we estimate the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for the 64,565 individuals resulting from maternal stress induced altered gene expression across a range of plausible scenarios to better understand the health consequences of judicial decisions.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1095/thumbnail.jp
The Absence of Outgroup Empathy in US Border Enforcement Rhetoric
Get PDFIn 2018, President Donald Trump reportedly referred to African immigrants as coming from “sh*thole countries” and said the US should have more migrants from places like Norway. While his comments were widely decried, white supremacist sentiment and media coverage is in fact pervasive in American discourse around immigration and border enforcement. Policies enacted during and after Trump’s presidency have greatly altered Americans’ perceptions of immigration and migrant “criminality,” particularly among conservatives. In this rhetoric, dehumanization of immigrants is used to reduce outgroup empathy and promote ingroup empathy. This research explores this instrumentalization of ingroup empathy in border patrol agents’s discussions of their jobs. In her Vega 2018 article, Vega emphasized how border agents have deployed three distinct legitimization narratives to ensure moral authority including; criminalization as a corrective, uncertainty, and caring control. As one explanation of border agents asserting their power, we are able to identify the crisis of empathy occurring at the border. Through this analysis of empathy the goal of this research is to identify solutions to the real crisis at the border––a crisis in which white supremacist policy and attitudes thrive.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1098/thumbnail.jp
A Spectrally Active Learning Gaussian Process Surrogate Model for Weak Signal Processing: An Application for Real-time Surface Characterizations of Nanomachining
Get PDFUnderstanding streaming sensor signals is critical for in-process monitoring and quality inspection for various industry applications, which allows immediate anomaly detection and diagnosis for potential quality issues. Due to the unavoidable acquisition step, the obtained information is overwhelmingly submerged in high-level noises, which may adversely impact the accuracy and effectiveness of extracting information from monitored sensor signals under the nanoscale. To solve this issue, an active learning strategy for the streaming signal data with the shapely embedded ensembling Gaussian process surrogate allows for the recognition of weak signals. This proposed approach is tested by experimental music timbre recognition problems followed by real-time surface morphology characterizations under nanomachining processes. The results indicate that this proposed approach can effectively capture the underlying spectral patterns of acoustics signals. The presented framework opens up an avenue to allow real-time characterizations and quality inspection for surface characteristics under the nanoscale.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1101/thumbnail.jp
Computational Study of Manganese Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction
Get PDFCO2 is a potent greenhouse gas that actively contributes to climate change. As such, developing methods to remove CO2 from the atmosphere is critical. Here, we investigate the efficacy of several manganese-based electrocatalysts in the reduction of CO2 to CO using computational chemistry. The manganese center served as the binding site for the CO2 molecule, which directly contributes to the activation energy of the CO2 reduction reaction. The three substrates analyzed in this experiment included imidazole, oxazole, and thiazole. All density functional theory calculations were done with the wB97X-D functional.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1113/thumbnail.jp
Diet Quality and Mindset
Get PDFUnderstanding the relationship between dietary patterns and mental health is vital for contemporary research. This study was conducted to analyze the correlation between individuals\u27 diets and their mindsets. An anonymous online survey was administered through google forms and distributed to individuals by text, email, GroupMe, and YikYak. Many survey questions consisted of demographic questions and questions on nutritional habits and mood, as well as their mindset regarding stress. Our study found there was a relationship between diet and mindset. Nutrition and diet have a significant impact on mental health and mindset and modulation on diet may improve mindset.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1116/thumbnail.jp