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Trans-ness in Antiquity: Transgressing Gender and Definition
Get PDFWhen discussing Ancient Mediterranean society, there are numerous accounts of gender transitions. However, a disproportionate number of those historical records involve individuals assigned female at birth transitioning into men. This research analyzes the origins of these transitions and how they came to be. It was found that there were patterns between some of these trans-like characters, such as divine intervention or surgery to fix a sudden issue in one’s genitals. Since women were considered the “less perfect male” in the Ancient Greco-Roman world, gender transformation could be an opportunity for these characters assigned female at birth to assume the role of the perfect sex (male). This paper provides a suggestion as to what the authors (who were common people) thought about the male gender and how it was superior to females, leading the females to have a desire for transformation to gain power and privilege.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1118/thumbnail.jp
Innovative Low-cost PIV System for Fluid Dynamics Analysis
Get PDFThis study delves into the low-cost Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system and its significance in fluid dynamics analysis. PIV, an essential flow visualization and measurement technique across multiple disciplines, often faces accessibility barriers due to its high cost. To address this, an affordable alternative was implemented utilizing microscopic tracer particles and cost-effective components including a lens, laser, water pump, and camera. This adaptation slashes the budget from thousands to mere hundreds of dollars. Leveraging open-source MATLAB software, videos capturing tracer particle movement in fluid, stirred by the water pump, to generate fluid velocity vector fields over time were processed. Additionally, tools such as Artificial Neural Networks for advanced data analysis were employed. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of this budget-friendly PIV system, with implications for fluid dynamics research and education, notably in data-driven model development.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1135/thumbnail.jp
ChatGPT or Reddit? Probing People\u27s Trust in Advice for Important Life Decisions
Get PDFWith the recent release of accessible artificial intelligence (AI) models such as ChatGPT, AI chatbots have become potential sources of advice that people can use to assist in decision making. This study will examine trust in advice given by AI chatbots compared with advice from online message boards (e.g., Reddit) in a sample of Binghamton University students. Participants will answer questions about past life decisions and rate their trust in advice from chatbots and message boards for each decision type. This research hypothesizes that participants will value advice from online message boards over advice given by AI chatbots due to “algorithm aversion,” or a general distrust of artificial intelligence. We also expect the size of this effect to vary depending on the nature of the life decision (e.g., relationships vs. finances). The results will be used to inform future studies of people’s perceptions of AI advice.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1136/thumbnail.jp
Breaking the Mold: Exploring the Anomaly of Italian-American Voters in Broome County, New York
Get PDFDuring the interwar period, Italian Americans typically gravitated towards the Democratic Party, drawn by its promise of social and economic reform. However, Italian-Americans in Broome County, New York, defied this trend, aligning predominantly with the Republican Party. Scholars have often overlooked this, treating ethnic voters as homogeneous. This study aims to uncover the reasons behind this anomaly and thoroughly examine its roots. This research highlights the influential leaders — including George F. Johnson — and organizations that shaped local politics, drawing on diverse sources such as newspapers, oral history interviews, and archival records. This study examines the community’s behavior from 1925 to 1945, seeking to challenge the prevailing notion that Italian Americans were an electoral monolith. The case of Broome County\u27s Italian Americans underscores the transformative power of local context in shaping political identity, thus offering insights into complex ethnic voting patterns in the Southern Tier and beyond.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2024/1147/thumbnail.jp
Renewal of Retroactive Interference in Pavlovian conditioning: The Effect of Outcome Valence on Expectancy Learning and Evaluative Conditioning
Get PDFThis site includes the README for Neutral CC Appendix study, the Neutral CC Appendix data, the Neutral CC data and the Neutral CC pilot experiment
Towards Self-Powered Load Imbalance Detection for Instrumented Knee Implants Using Quadrant Triboelectric Energy Harvesters
No full textIn this study, we proposed a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as a pressure sensor to measure the load imbalance on the tibial tray. To detect the load imbalance, we proposed a segmented quadrant design. The TENG pressure sensors with various micro-patterns, including pyramid, cylindrical, and bar patterns, are utilized to measure the axial forces with different sensitivity in different quadrants of the tibial tray. The functionality of the instrumented implant is examined through experimental testing on the package, evaluating its sensing capabilities and power harvesting. The relationship between each quadrant output and the axial force is determined, which enables characterizing the self-powered sensor performance. This relationship is then used to find the center of pressure, which is an important parameter for implant design. The detection of a shift in the center of pressure can be an early indication of loosening, which is one of the major causes of knee implant failure. In addition, we investigated the apparent power captured in resistance loads by applying a sinusoidal cyclic loading to the package harvester. Under an average walking load of 2200 N, each quadrant of the harvester-package prototype produces an apparent power of approximately 5 μW at 1 Hz and 10 μW at 2 Hz
Qualitative evaluation to understand barriers and facilitators to prescribing angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi) and sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)
Get PDFBackground: Despite sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi) being cost-effective evidenced-based therapies for the management of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF), research shows that less than 30% of patients with HFrEF are prescribed these agents.
Objective: This study aimed to understand clinician-perceived barriers and facilitators to prescribing ARNi and SGLT2i in patients with HFrEF.
Methods: We conducted virtual and in-person semi-structured interviews in a large integrated healthcare delivery system in the United States. Twenty cardiology clinicians managing patients with HFrEF were recruited using purposeful sampling to target providers across professions and practice sites. The interview guide was developed based on a literature review and insights from a practicing cardiologist. It inquired about perceived prescribing behaviors, focusing on factors affecting the use of ARNi and SGLT2i. We identified key themes using rapid qualitative analysis.
Results: Twenty clinicians were interviewed: 13 physicians, 5 advanced practitioners, and 2 clinic-based pharmacists. Eighteen interviews were analyzed; we excluded 2 as the clinicians interviewed did not meet the inclusion criteria. Three major themes were identified: 1) clinician-reported prescribing patterns don\u27t always align with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for the use of SGLT2i and ARNi due to clinical inertia, lack of familiarity, knowledge, and comfort with use, and concerns over polypharmacy or adverse events, 2) clinician-perceived and actual out-of-pocket cost reduced prescribing of ARNi or SGLT2i to patients, exacerbated by a lack of visibility into patients\u27 prescription coverage, denials of coverage by insurance, and navigating prior authorization related workflows, and 3) incorporation of a clinic-based pharmacist increased the prescribing of these medications.
Conclusion: Increasing cost transparency, implementing interventions to overcome clinical inertia and cost hurdles, and increasing clinic-based pharmacist support may improve evidenced-based prescribing in patients with HFrEF, especially for comparatively novel classes such as ARNi and SGLT2i
