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Rethinking systematic review assignment design in graduate health science education: Librarians\u27 perspectives
Get PDFBackground: This article examines the problematic phenomenon of faculty assigning graduate health science students systematic reviews as semester-based assignments while expecting a health science librarian to be a willing support system for those students. Despite published conduct and reporting guidelines establishing that systematic reviews require a team, time, and methodological expertise, some faculty still turn to full systematic review assignments in the classroom. The authors propose applying cognitive load theory and chunking the systematic review process into manageable steps, allowing both faculty and students to better understand the required methodologies and to enhance educational outcomes.
Experience: The authors have often been invited to visit classes where faculty have required students to complete a full systematic review. These assignments often result in frustration among faculty, librarians, and students stemming from the faculty’s limited experience with the methodology and students feeling overwhelmed by the process. While the authors’ experiences with suggesting the adaptable assignments to faculty is limited at the time of this publication, it is the hope of the authors that by sharing these concepts with other health science librarians, the trend of adapting more appropriate review assignments will expand.
Discussion: Through applying cognitive load theory and chunking principles to simplify the systematic review process, the authors propose approaches to systematic review research methods that can improve the educational process, ameliorate faculty workload, and enhance student learning outcomes. As a result, students will be more prepared in future research endeavors. Challenges include faculty adoption and acceptance of different approaches to systematic review assignments, and a further burden on the librarians who support these types of assignments.
Takeaways: The authors aim to raise faculty awareness of proper systematic review methodologies by offering alternative assignments that enhance student learning outcomes and alleviate the librarian\u27s teaching burden. Initial attempts to promote these adaptations have shown promise, with some faculty successfully revising their syllabi and capstone projects to align with the suggested modifications. Future research will include webinars for faculty on systematic review methodologies, followed by ongoing evaluations of how these modifications impact the health science curriculum
Incorporating Generative AI into Research Consultations: Opportunities, Challenges, and Best Practices
Get PDFWith the rapid rise of generative AI tools, academic librarians have new opportunities to enhance research consultations and support student learning. This poster shares strategies for incorporating freely available AI tools into one-on-one and small group consultations, emphasizing their use in brainstorming, refining research questions, and improving search strategies. It also addresses how to guide students in evaluating AI-generated content critically and ethically. Based on the experiences of an academic engineering librarian, this poster presents practical examples, highlights successes and limitations, and offers best practices for librarians looking to thoughtfully integrate no-cost AI tools into their own practice
On The Moral Responsibility, Evil, And Punishment of Adolf Eichmann, And Its Implications For Us
Get PDFThis paper discusses Adolf Eichmann, an infamous figure for his role in the Nazi regime, and the ideas of evil, moral responsibility, and punishment. I argue for a new way of viewing Eichmann by focusing and classifying him as an evil person according to Claudia Card’s theory of evil in her work The Atrocity Paradigm and honing on Eichmann’s role as moral agent and responsible figure. By considering him as such, I contend with ideas and questions regarding his actions, intentions, choices, and motives during the Holocaust, positing him as someone who was a moral agent, can be held morally responsible and thus deserves punishment. I also compare and contrast his moral responsibility to other Nazis detailed in Diana Jeske’s The Evil Within, showing how Eichmann is morally responsible for his evil whereas others are not. While offering the original claim that Eichmann is evil, morally responsible, and deserves punishment, I maintain that due to structural faults with punishment, especially desert-based retributivism, there is no way to punish Eichmann without compromising some of our essential human values, posing a problem for punishing people of extraordinary evil
Atoms for Agency: How Argentina’s Pursuit of Nuclear Power Plants Represents International Legitimacy and Autonomy, 1951-1978.
Get PDFSince 1949 Argentina has developed nuclear power plants (NPPs), overcoming political instability and financial barriers, to eventually succeed in the activation of Latin America’s first nuclear power plant, Atucha-1, in 1974. However, given the ample means of electrical production though fossil fuels and hydroelectric power, NPPs in Argentina present a paradoxical means of electrical production. This paper analyzes the history of Argentina’s nuclear power program, from 1951-1978, in order to offer a more holistic understanding of why NPPs were developed. I argue that nuclear power in Argentina was motivated not by a desire for electrical generation or to manufacture nuclear weapons, but rather as a means to attain international legitimacy and autonomy. This approach, referred to as “atoms for agency” serves as a central theme in this paper.
First, this research looks to 1951, when Argentine President Juan Perón and Dr. Ronald Richter claimed they had achieved nuclear fusion. Although this announcement was ultimately disproven, it reveals that the core components of “atoms for agency,” international legitimacy and autonomy, existed even in the earliest days of Argentina’s nuclear power program. Subsequently, the progression of nuclear power plants during the 1960s reinforces the claim of Argentina’s desire for “atoms for agency”. Bidding efforts for the construction of Atucha-1 granted Argentina international recognition, while simultaneously serving as a strategic method to obtain more a favorable financial deal. The ultimate decision to work with Siemens AG, a German company, and the terms of this deal speak to Argentina’s utilization of nuclear power as a means to secure autonomy. However, the reactor design of Atucha-1 and the overall path of Argentina’s nuclear power program brought with them an increased level of scrutiny by the United States in the 1970s. Under the Carter Administration, the United States (US) engaged in a variety of diplomatic measures to influence Argentine ratification the Treaty of Tlatelolco, a nuclear non-proliferation treaty. The ultimate failure of the US to achieve this goal, and Argentine resistance towards ratification, further reinforce the claim that nuclear power served to offer Argentina international legitimacy and autonomy, otherwise known as “atoms for agency.
True Crime Adaptations and How the Public Surveils
Get PDFTrue crime adaptations have become increasingly popular in the past few decades, but their existence reaches back several centuries. They have taken many forms, including stage dramas, graphic novels, and true crime podcasts. Examples of these adaptations— particularly the play Arden of Faversham, the graphic novel From Hell, and modern true crime podcasts—illustrate the selective process used to create true crime adaptations. That process chooses to foreground certain aspects of crimes while others are left behind, which changes audience understandings of the crime. By understanding the nuances of these adaptations, the potential effects they create in audience perceptions become clear. I argue that, because of interactions between the crime, adapter, and audience, true-crime adaptations change the audience’s understandings of wrongdoings and affect behaviors surrounding them including fear of crime, investigations, and punishments
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - March 2025
Get PDFHappy March Bearcats! As the weather starts to get a bit warmer, we’re getting ready to plant for this season with some seeds from our seed library! Read all about initiatives on campus, our Women’s History Month book selection, and other fun sustainability tips and tricks
The Epistemic Responsibility of 1930s Eugenicists: What the Trial of Ann Cooper Hewitt Shows about Modern Disinformation Discourse
Get PDFIn this paper, the author analyzes the 1936 eugenic sterilization trial surrounding Ann Cooper Hewitt, looking at the epistemic harms and wrong associated with the results and how those connect to modern day discourses of disinformation. It centers on the actions of two eugenicists involved, Ezra S. Gosney and Paul Popenoe
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism of vamorolone: Evidence from LIONHEART and VISION-DMD clinical trials
Get PDFThe effect of vamorolone, the first dissociative corticosteroid for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), at the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) was investigated in the Phase 1 mechanistic LIONHEART study and using serum samples from boys with DMD in the pivotal VISION-DMD trial. In LIONHEART, 30 healthy adult males were randomized 1:1:1 to vamorolone 20 mg/kg, eplerenone 200 mg, or no treatment arms. A fludrocortisone challenge was administered between –9 h and 24 h after treatment. The LIONHEART primary outcome was urinary Na+/K+ ratio; additional outcomes were pharmacokinetics, urine Na+ and K+ concentrations, and safety. In VISION-DMD, boys with DMD aged 4–7 years were treated with vamorolone 2 or 6 mg/kg/d for 48 weeks or with prednisone 0.75 mg/kg/d or placebo for 24 weeks followed by vamorolone 2 or 6 mg/kg/d for 20 weeks following a 4-week washout. Serum sample analysis from VISION-DMD used the SomaScan® 7 K assay. In LIONHEART, vamorolone reversed the decrease in urinary Na+/K+ ratio induced by fludrocortisone, confirming vamorolone MR antagonism. The maximum MRA effect of vamorolone was observed at 4–6 h post dose and was detectable until approximately 10 h post dose. Vamorolone reversed fludrocortisone induced Na+ retention with no evidence of decreased potassium excretion. Vamorolone 20 mg/kg was well tolerated, and results were consistent with known PK parameters. The VISION-DMD results showed vamorolone-specific increases in renin serum levels, as well as klotho, and calcium carrier proteins fetuin A and B, consistent with an MR antagonist effect. The available data confirm the MR antagonistic effect of vamorolone in humans. LIONHEART: NCT06649409; VISION-DMD: NCT03439670
Test-Retest Reliability of Motor Function and Myometry Outcomes From the Vamorolone Trials in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Understanding the reliability of outcomes used in clinical care and trials is important to delineate intervention-induced change from random variability. Reliability, sensitivity, and clinical meaningfulness of change are all key aspects of choosing the most appropriate outcome measure for a clinical trial. Common outcome measures to monitor progression and treatment effect in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) include measures of strength (myometry) and motor function tests: stand from supine velocity (STANDV), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), 10-m run/walk (RWV), and 4-stair climb velocity (CLIMBV). Our objective was to present test-retest reliability of common outcome measures using pretreatment measurements and to provide insights into missing measurements. Methods: Data were used on outcome measures in steroid-naıve, 4 to \u3c 7 years participants with DMD in 2 multisite, multicountry vamorolone trials (VBP15-002 [n = 48 participants] and VBP15-004 [n = 121 participants]). Bland-Altman analysis, the coefficient of variation, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used. Results: Based on the ICC, NSAA, RWV, and CLIMBV have good reliability, whereas the 6MWD and STANDV have moderate reliability. Two different techniques were used for myometry in VBP15-002 (CINRG Quantitative Measurement System [CQMS]) and VBP15-004 (Micro-FET2 handheld digital muscle dynamometer [HHD]). Reliability of myometry ranged from poor to moderate, and CQMS did not show improved reliability over HHD. The 6MWD and myometry showed the highest rates of missingness. Because of similar age ranges and harmonized outcomes, our findings were compared with the FOR-DMD cohort. Myometry and CLIMBV were not in FOR-DMD; reliability findings were concordant for the 4 outcomes in common. For most outcomes, we found reduced reliability compared with previous studies in older age groups. Discussion: Reliable outcome measures, appropriate for the age of patients, are key to improving power in clinical trials, leading to fewer participants needed and reducing patient and site burden. We found NSAA, RWV, and CLIMBV to be the most reliable. This should be considered in the context of sensitivity to drug effect, and clinical meaningfulness of changes observed: all 5 motor outcomes were sensitive to drug effect of vamorolone and prednisone, whereas myometry was not
Health Science Book Club for Cultural Competency
Get PDFThis Library Research Scholars project was designed to supplement cultural competence in health science education by developing a diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI)-focused library collection and book club for Binghamton University’s health science programs. The project begins with a comprehensive literature review to identify how DEI resources can enhance cultural competence in health science education.
Based on this literature review, a curated book list will be developed using criteria that prioritize diverse authorship, representation of historically marginalized communities, and coverage of topics in cultural humility, health equity, and inclusive clinical practices. To further promote the collection, a library guide will be created to highlight featured titles and outline future book clubs. The goal of developing this collection is to bridge historical context with modern practice, increase the awareness of diverse populations as healthcare professionals, encourage ethical reflection, and support the development of culturally competent, healthcare professionals.https://orb.binghamton.edu/library_research_scholars_2025/1004/thumbnail.jp