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Does the Incorporation of Justice in Axiology Solve Consequentialism\u27s Distributive Pitfalls?
Get PDFFred Feldman’s Justicized Act Utilitarianism (JAU) seeks to address the distributive shortcomings of consequentialist theories by incorporating justice in his axiology. By considering the distribution of intrinsic goods rather than solely their quantity, JAU aims to preserve consequentialism’s core principles while addressing justice-based objections. This paper critically examines JAU, arguing that while Feldman’s theory marks a significant advancement, it ultimately fails to reconcile consequentialism with justice in a meaningful way. Following an exposition of JAU, two critiques are presented through thought experiments to test its boundaries and implications
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - September 2025
Get PDFWelcome back to Binghamton University! In this edition of the newsletter, we are kicking off the Fall 2025 semester with an introduction to the Sustainability Hub, resources, updates, seed-saving tips, and ways to get involved in sustainability
Open Repository @ Binghamton Monthly Additions and Top Downloads - September 2025
Get PDFNewly added work in the Open Repository @ Binghamton (ORB) from 9/1/2025-9/30/2025. Top downloads from same time frame
Enhancing Oral Absorption of an Ester Prodrug by Coating Drug Crystals with Binary Lipid Systems and Evaluating the Influence of Compositions
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: Prodrug strategies are a vital aspect of drug development, with ester prodrugs particularly notable for modifying parent drug properties through ester functional groups to enhance oral absorption. However, ester prodrugs are prone to hydrolysis by water and enzymes, making stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract prior to absorption a key challenge. Few formulation strategies effectively address this degradation issue. We recently introduced binary lipid systems (BLS), comprising a lipid and a water-soluble surfactant only that form stable microemulsions. This study aimed to explore the application of BLS for enhancing the oral absorption of ester prodrugs by coating drug crystals with BLS in solid granules and study the impact of the compositions of BLS on oral absorption. Methods: Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM), a methyl ester prodrug of olmesartan (OL), was selected as a model drug. Various lipids were combined with TPGS to form BLS and used to prepare OLM solid granules containing OLM crystals. Results: Among the tested formulations, OLM MCM-TPGS granules significantly enhanced drug release and protected OLM from enzyme-mediated degradation in two-step dissolution studies with esterase. Pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies in rats confirmed that OLM MCM-TPGS granules improved oral absorption by 145% and increased tissue uptake compared to OLM powder. Conclusions: This approach overcomes solubility limitations when using lipids and surfactants as excipients, enabling high drug loading in solid dosage forms and expanding the utility of lipids and surfactants for water-insoluble drugs. This novel formulation strategy holds great potential for enhancing oral absorption of ester prodrugs, representing a significant advancement in formulation technologies and offering more effective and versatile drug delivery solutions
The impacts of chronic infections on shaping cellular senescence
Get PDFCellular senescence is a fundamental biological process characterized by stable cell cycle arrest, genomic instability, and the acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype. While senescence is traditionally associated with aging, growing evidence reveals that chronic infections such as viral, bacterial, and protozoan parasites can serve as powerful inducers of senescence, contributing to premature aging and long-term tissue damage. This review explores the diverse mechanisms by which persistent pathogens trigger or sustain senescence in host cells. We highlight how these chronic infections manipulate host DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, telomere maintenance, oxidative stress, and immune function to promote senescence and immunosenescence. Emerging findings also reveal how pathogens hijack the host cellular machinery to induce senescence across various tissue types. In many cases, senescence not only enables pathogen persistence but also drives pathological outcomes such as fibrosis, neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, and immune exhaustion. Collectively, this emerging evidence highlights a unifying strategy among diverse pathogens: the exploitation of cellular senescence to support chronic infection and promote disease. Understanding how infectious agents drive senescence offers new insights into age-related pathologies and highlights potential therapeutic targets, such as senolytic and senomorphic agents, to mitigate the long-term impacts of chronic infections
Resistance under Communist Regimes: A Macro and Micro-Level Comparison of Cambodia and the Soviet Union
Get PDFThis research paper conducts a comparative analysis of resistance to genocidal violence under two twentieth-century communist regimes: the Soviet Union in the 1920s-1930s and the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia in the late 1970s. Drawing upon academic sources, survivor testimonies, and archival materials, we analyze the dynamics of genocidal violence and the resistance it provoked in each context. With a focus on the Cham Muslims and Soviet kulaks, this paper examines how groups targeted during each regime’s social reengineering projects resisted violent policies, both collectively and individually. While the Cham Muslims were persecuted primarily on religious and ethnic grounds, and the kulaks on socioeconomic terms, both groups faced policies of forced collectivization, repression, and destruction. We analyze both organized, collective forms of resistance including the Cham revolt on Koh Phal and the Parbigskii uprising in Siberia, as well as everyday forms of resistance such as religious concealment, cultural preservation, and forms of identity masking such as “self-dekulakization.” Although large-scale resistance was ultimately crushed in both cases, less visible everyday forms of resistance offered meaningful, if limited, means for cultural preservation and survival. By comparing these two cases, this paper contributes to broader understandings of how identity, capacity for resistance, and state power shape the strategies and effectiveness of resistance under genocidal regimes
Sustainability Hub Newsletter - October 2025
Get PDFHappy Fall Bearcats! This month’s issue shares how to have a more sustainable Halloween and Fall Hacks! Also, check out our seeds of the month, what is in season, and some positive sustainability news going on in the world
Taking Control of Reproductive Health Information: Behind the Scenes with a Cataloging Librarian
Get PDFWith the overturning of Roe v. Wade in June 2022, the author saw a need for an assessment of her institutional library’s collection of resources about reproductive and sexual health, especially on topics related to abortion and birth control. The author worked as a cataloging librarian in Texas at the time and anticipated that patrons would turn to the library for information about reproductive matters and thought a project concerning the reproductive and sexual health collection was vital for her library. Ensuring that the library catalog provided adequate subject access to the reproductive health resources that library users need, as well as offering a broad collection from which they can choose, was paramount. These were the main objectives of the project: 1) Identify subjects that are used in the library catalog for reproductive and sexual health resources. 2) Identify classification numbers commonly used with these resources. 3) Improve associated subject headings and add more as necessary to improve access. 4) Identify gaps in the library collection. 5) Recommend new resource purchases for the library. Additionally, the author discusses biases and sex negativity in the hierarchy of classification numbers for these resources and issues with subjects relating to religious aspects of abortion and birth control. In looking at subjects and classifications, the author made an effort to add more resources to the library’s collection that address the intersectionality across information, reproductive health, power, gender, race, class, and sexuality
