Journals published by Medical University of Lublin
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Atorwastatyna i alkohol etylowy jako induktory apoptozy w komórkach mięśnia sercowego szczurów
No full textAtorvastatin belongs to statins which act by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Statins are the main substances which are used in the disturbed fat metabolism therapy, in the treatment and prevention the illness of cardiovascular system. Fas receptor belongs to superfamilies of TNF receptors and is one of the best known markers of the Extrinsic Pathway of apoptosis.
The aim of the work was estimate the expression of the Extrinsic Pathway apoptosis marker in cardiac muscle of rats after Atorvastatin and ethanol administration.
The experiment was carried on 30 female Wistar rats. They were divided into: 2 control groups (K and KA) and 4 experimental groups. During the study all animals were given standard granulated fodder and drinking water ad libitum. Moreover, the rats from all experimental groups were given Atorvastatin in 2 different doses independently from groups: 1.14 mg/kg of body mass and 11.4 mg/kg of body mass. The medicine was administered by successive 4 week periods in 1ml water suspension, once by day, by stomach tube. The rats from experimental groups 1 and 3 were given Atorvastatin and ethyl alcohol. The animals from all experimental groups were decapitated 24 hours following the last dose of the drug; next the heart samples for immunohistochemistry examination were taken. The Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Lublin gave consent to this experiment.
The strongest expression of Fas receptor was observed on the heart samples from experimental groups 1 and 3 which were given Atorvastatin and ethanol.
One of the advantageous pleiotropic statins actions is indication of apoptosis. The reader must be reminded that the strongest expression of investigated receptor was observed on the specimens from experimental groups 1 and 3 which were given Atorvastatin and ethanol. The obtained results may be connected with metabolism of ethyl alcohol. During this process free radicals may be formed. Additionally, the effect of consumption of great amount of ethanol may be oxidation stress. Reactive forms of oxygen and oxidation stress are the factors which can activate the Intrinsic Pathway of apoptosis. So the action of both substances which were used in experiment may stimulate the Extrinsic and the Intrinsic Pathway of apoptosis in the cardiac muscular tissue of rats.
Atorwastatyna należy do statyn, inhibitorów reduktazy 3-hydroksy-3-metyloglutarylo-koenzymu A (HMG-CoA). Są to podstawowe związki stosowane w leczeniu zaburzeń gospodarki lipidowej oraz w terapii i profilaktyce chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Receptor FAS należy do nadrodziny receptorów TNF i jest jednym z najlepiej poznanych markerów zewnątrzpochodnego szlaku apoptozy.
Celem pracy była próba oceny ekspresji markera zewnątrzpochodnego szlaku apoptozy w tkance mięśnia sercowego szczurów, którym podawano łącznie Atorwastatynę i alkohol etylowy.
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono na 30 samicach szczurów białych rasy Wistar. Zwierzęta zostały przypisane do 2 grup kontrolnych (K i KA) i 4 grup doświadczalnych. Podczas trwania doświadczenia zwierzętom ze wszystkich grup podawano granulowaną paszę oraz wodę bez ograniczeń. Poza tym szczury z grup doświadczalnych otrzymywały Atorwastatynę w 2 różnych dawkach: 1,14 mg/kg m.c. oraz 11,4 mg/kg m.c. w zależności od przydziału do grupy. Lek podawany był przez 4 tygodnie w postaci zawiesiny wodnej w objętości 1ml, 1 raz dziennie dożołądkowo za pomocą sondy. W przypadku szczurów z grup doświadczalnych 1 i 3, otrzymywały one łącznie z Atorwastatyną alkohol etylowy. Szczury ze wszystkich grup dekapitowano 24h od podania ostatniej dawki leku, a następnie pobrano wycinki mięśnia sercowego do badań immunohistochemicznych. Na wykonanie doświadczenia uzyskano zgodę Lokalnej Komisji Bioetycznej.
Najsilniejszą ekspresję receptora FAS wykazywały komórki mięśnia sercowego pochodzące od zwierząt, które oprócz Atorwastatyny otrzymywały alkohol etylowy.
Reasumując można stwierdzić, że indukowanie procesu apoptozy jest jednym z korzystnych plejotropowych działań statyn. Na uwagę zasługuje jednak fakt najsilniejszej ekspresji badanego receptora uzyskanej na preparatach pochodzących od zwierząt z grup doświadczalnych 1 i 3, czyli otrzymujących lek i etanol. Otrzymane wyniki mogą być związane z metabolizmem alkoholu etylowego, podczas którego powstają wolne rodniki. W przypadku spożywania dużych ilości alkoholu może także dochodzić do powstawania stresu oksydacyjnego. Reaktywne formy tlenu oraz stres oksydacyjny należą do czynników aktywujących wewnętrzny szlak apoptozy. Zatem działanie obu zastosowanych w doświadczeniu substancji może pobudzać 2 niezależne szlaki apoptozy w tkance mięśnia sercowego szczurów
Orthodontic treatment of an impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisor combined with double surgical exposure
No full textThe purpose of this case report is to present a correction of a horizontally impacted and dilacerated central incisor through two-stage crown exposure surgery combined with continuos - force orthodontic traction. The tooth was successfully moved into its proper position. The treatment is discussed and the orthodontic implications are considered, with a review of the literature on this topic. Opis przypadku dotyczy leczenia ortodontycznego nieprawidłowo położonego zatrzymanego siekacza przyśrodkowego z zagięciem koronowo - korzeniowym. Ząb został wprowadzony do łuku zębowego przy użyciu aparatu stałego i dwuetapowego zabiegu chirurgicznego odsłonięcia korony zęba z zagięciem koronowo korzeniowym. Artykuł zawiera opis leczenia ortodontycznego i przegląd literatury na ten temat
Alimentary protein deficiency aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in animals with acetaminophen-induced kidney injury
No full textWe investigated the indicators of kidney function, the degree of ROS-mediated damage to lipids and proteins of mitochondria, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the I and II complexes of the respiratory chain enzymes in animals with APAP-induced kidney damage and alimentary protein deficiency. Accordingly, in rats with APAP kidney toxic injury against protein deficiency, one of the mechanisms of impaired kidney function is the activation of oxidative damage to mitochondrial biomolecules. This is followed by a dysfunction of mitochondrial complexes I (NADH dehydrogenase: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) and II (succinate: ubiquinone oxidoreductase), and leads to histopathological changes in the kidney structure. Our work demonstrated that protein deficiency in the diet is a critical factor in determining the degree of structural and functional changes in the kidneys in animals with APAP kidney injury. The obtained results substantiate the rationale for assessing the organism’s supply of protein when developing a plan for nephrotoxicity management in patients with an acute acetaminophen overdose
Attitudes towards vaccinations in selected medical groups in Poland
No full textThe purpose of the study was to determine attitudes of medical staff and medical students towards vaccinations and to understand their needs and expectations regarding the popularization of vaccinations in the population. Forty semi-structured individual in-depth interviews were conducted in two groups, each with 20 interviews. The respondents were selected purposefully from all over Poland using the snowball method. The study revealed that more than a half of interviewed physicians (7 out of 13), half of all nurses (2 out of 4), and 1 out of 3 midwives observed views among healthcare workers that are inconsistent with current knowledge about the vaccinations that they are required to talk to their patients about. This suggests the need for medical staff to continually update their knowledge about vaccinations. Moreover, while medical and nursing students regarded vaccinations as effective and safe, almost all of medical students (9 out of 10) and all interviewed nursing students (10 out of 10) believed that their knowledge about vaccinations was limited. Students proposed introducing one subject devoted exclusively to vaccinations, the aim of which is to systematize knowledge in this field. In addition, vaccination education should be integrated across all study groups to enhance the societal health outcomes. What is more, healthcare professionals should be afforded opportunities to participate in training programs designed to update and expand their knowledge about vaccinations. The study suggests that there is a need to broaden the healthcare workers’ competencies in effectively communicating with patients who hold unscientific views on vaccinations. Medical and nursing curricula should include a dedicated course focusing exclusively on vaccinations
The protective effect of vitamin A on Concor induced structural changes of the liver and kidney in adult rats
No full textConcor is a beta-blocker drug used to treat high blood pressure, acute coronary syndrome, and to control the rapid pulse of the heart such as atrial fibrillation. Some of its adverse effects include hepatitis, increased triglycerides and liver enzymes. Monitoring liver and kidney functions in patients with hepatic or renal impairment who are taking concor is recommended.The current study was undertaken to define whether vitamin A could improve structural changes in the liver and kidneys. The 24 rats were grouped into the following. The first group was control. The second group was given Vitamin A (5000 IU). Group 3: given concor at a daily dose of 0.9 mg/kg B. wt. Group IV: received concor (0.9 mg/kg B. wt.) and Vitamin A (5000 IU) orally. After 4 weeks, the kidney of the treated group 3 exhibited degenerative alterations in the glomeruli, enlargement of Bowman’s space and the epithelium of the proximal kidney tubules showed vacuolar degeneration with necrosis. Liver sections showed degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein, dilation of sinusoids and inflammatory cell infiltration. Group 4 showed mild degeneration in the glomeruli, expansion of Bowman’s space and mild degeneration of tubular epithelium, and normal architecture of the liver with increased Kupffer cells. From this study, we concluded that concor drug induces structural changes in the liver and kidney and these effects were improved by Vitamin A administration
The impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on mortality rates in patients with severe burns
No full textThere is an increase in the number of obese patients in burn units. Obesity is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases, including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders and diabetes. However, there is evidence that moderate obesity and overweight have a potentially protective effect on mortality among severely burned patients. The “obesity paradox” may result from the protective effect of adipose tissue due to its thermal conductivity and the regenerative potential resulting from the presence of mesenchymal stem cells in the subcutaneous tissue. This review aims to summarize available data showing correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2) and clinical outcome of the treatment of burns, including its impact on mortality. We pointed out direction of further research that should be conducted to more precisely examine the relationship between weight and course of treatment of burn patients. A systemic search was conducted of the relevant literature up to and including July 2024 – using database PubMed.
The presented articles confirm the J-shaped and U-shaped correlation between BMI and mortality in burn patients. Being overweight or moderately obese proved to be protective compared to having a normal BMI or more severe obesity. Obesity is undoubtedly associated with several adverse health effects and requires additional challenges for health care in the process of treating its undesirable effects. However, the presented articles prove that overweight and obesity can have a protective effect on patients with severe burns
Dynamics of the level of anti-SARS antibodies within a year after three vaccinations of patients with prostate cancer
No full textCancer patients are a group particularly vulnerable to various infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Men are more susceptible to severe COVID-19, with a higher mortality rate. Many researchers have shown that immunity after two doses of the vaccine wanes over time, and a third booster dose is necessary to increase protection. Therefore, we undertook to assess the dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies within a year after three doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in Polish men with prostate cancer. For this purpose, the titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was examined 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the third dose of the vaccine. We also analyzed whether the decline in antibody titer depends on the tumor stage (Gleason Score, T stage). The obtained results indicate that the level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody is significantly lower in PCa patients compared to the controls. Twelve months after the third vaccine dose, the seroprevalence among prostate cancer patients was 53.3% (50-59) and 29.8% (60-78), respectively. In the period from 3 to 6 months, as well as from 6 to 9 months after vaccination, a statistically significant decrease in antibody titer was observed in both analyzed age groups. Moreover, their levels were lower in more advanced clinical stages. Conclusion: Due to the fact that in the following months the antibody titer decreased much faster in PCa patients than in people from the healthy control group, it seems reasonable to ask whether PCa patients should be vaccinated with a booster dose more often than once a year
Wpływ hydrolizatów skrobiowych na właściwości reologiczne kleików i podatność tabletek na sorpcję wody
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of starch hydrolysates on the dynamic viscosity of mucilage solutions and on the ability of water sorption of tablets with the above hydrolysates. Aqueous mucilage solutions at different concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 % (w/v) were prepared. The obtained mucilage solutions were examined for density and viscosity.
Tablets with the weight of 83.62–104.30 mg, having hardness ranging from 0.21 to 0.59 kg/mm2, absolute density from 0.98 to 1.18 g/cm3, were pressed on a single punch eccentric tabletting machine (Korch EK0, Berlin, Germany). Tablets were tested for water sorption using the climatic test chamber (Wamed KBK-65W, Poland).Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu hydrolizatów skrobiowych na lepkość dynamiczną kleików i na zdolność wiązania wody przez tabletki zrobione z tych hydrolizatów. Przygotowano kleiki o stężeniu od 1 % do 10 %, a następnie zbadano ich gęstość i lepkość dynamiczną. Otrzymane tabletki w tabletkarce uderzeniowej (Korch EK0, Berlin, Germany) o wadze 83,62–104,30 mg, mające twardość od 0,21 do 0,59 kg/mm2 i gęstość rzeczywistą 0,98–1,18 g/cm3, przebadano na zdolność wiązania wody przy użyciu komory klimatycznej (Wamed KBK-65W, Poland)
Torbiele zębopochodne kości szczęk – opis przypadków
No full textBone odontogenic cysts are a very common surgical problem in maxillofacial area. A wide range of cystic lesions in maxillofacial bones require very careful surgical procedure to avoid or minimize complications associated with adjacent teeth, germs and other anatomical structures. Contemporary diagnostic such tools such as computed tomography and new volumetric tomography are very useful in preliminary diagnostics and treatment planning. Here we describe three different cases illustrating the diagnostic approach and complexity of treatment of odontogenic cysts.Torbiele zębopochodne szczęki i żuchwy są często spotykanym problemem chirurgicznym w zakresie kości twarzoczaszki. Rozległe zmiany o charakterze torbieli wymagają ostrożnej techniki operacyjnej w celu uniknięcia lub zminimalizowania ryzyka powikłań ze strony sąsiadujących zębów, zawiązków zębów i innych struktur anatomicznych twarzoczaszki. Współczesne metody diagnostyki obrazowej, takie jak tomografia komputerowa i wolumetryczna są bardzo użytecznym narzędziem w diagnostyce przedzabiegowej. W pracy prezentowane są trzy przypadki rozległych torbieli zębopochodnych z uwzględnieniem diagnostyki przedoperacyjnej i postępowania leczniczego
Antyoksydacyjna aktywność dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej i peroksydazy glutationowej w tkankach bydła
No full textIn this study the activity of two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) was examined in skeletal muscles from cattle infected with Taenia saginata. We observed a statistically significant increase (relative to the control value in uninfected cattle) in the level of enzymes in spectrophotometric analysis (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) and western blot technique (superoxide dismutase). There were no significant differences in the activity of GPx in cattle tissue infected with cysticercus in comparison with the control healthy animals assessed with western blot technique.
Our results suggest that SOD and GPx enzymes are important in the host’s biochemical defence mechanisms during cysticercosis. Zbadano aktywność dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej (SOD) i peroksydazy glutationowej (GPx) w mięśniach szkieletowych bydła zarażonego Taenia saginata. Za pomocą analizy spektrofotometrycznej zaobserwowano statystycznie znaczący wzrost poziomu obu enzymów w porównaniu z kontrolą – zwierzętami zdrowymi. Oznaczenie poziomu antyoksydantów, przeprowadzone metodą western blot, wykazało istotnie wyższą aktywność dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej u bydła rzeźnego w stosunku do zwierząt niezarażonych Taenia saginata. Nie stwierdzono znaczących różnic w poziomie aktywności peroksydazy glutationowej. Wzrost aktywności dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej i peroksydazy glutationowej w tkankach zwierząt zarażonych jest odpowiedzią na stres oksydacyjny, wywołany obecnością pasożyta w mięśniach zwierząt. Poznanie zmian aktywności tych enzymów może być istotne w wykrywaniu wągrzycy zwierząt, a także jest niezmiernie ważnym elementem profilaktyki tasiemczycy u ludzi