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A comparative biochemical characterization of <i>Allium</i> genetic resources of Turkiye
No full text<p>The present study aimed to determine the variation in onion and garlic genetic resources collected from the Kelkit Valley, a unique biodiversity concerved region in T & uuml;rkiye. For this purpose, 17 onion genotypes and 12 garlic genotypes were collected from local growers. A total of 9 biochemical analyses (total phenolic matter, total soluble protein, total dry matter, total flavonoid matter, ferric reducing antioxidant power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging capacity and ascorbic acid) were performed on bulb and leaf extracts of all genotypes. According to variance analysis of the biochemical results from the samples, the differences between genotypes for all parameters were found to be significant (p < 0.05). A post-hoc test (Tukey) and multiple means comparison were performed to analyze the results between groups in cases of significant differences. The results indicated that there is a large variation between different genotypes of both species and between both species and organs.</p>
Hibritleşen Kimlikler: Neo-Nazizm ve Tengricilik Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
No full text<p>Küreselleşmenin bir sonucu olarak farklı kimliklerin karşılaşması başta olmak üzere çeşitli etkenlerle meydana gelen hibrit kimlikler, kimi zaman radikalleşmenin ve şiddet eylemlerinin öznesi haline gelebilmektedirler. Bu makalenin konusu küreselleşme ve kimlik oluşumu bağlamında Neo-Nazici Tengrici gençlerin şiddet yönelimli örgütlenmelerini ele almaktır. Çalışmanın amacı hibrit kimlikli bireylerden oluşan Tengrici Neo-Nazi grupların dijital iletişim ve eğlence araçlarından faydalanarak saldırgan ırkçı bir yapıya bürünmeleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Makale, araştırma ve yayın etiğine uygun olarak yürütülmüş olup; bireyden topluma doğru anlamayı ve genelleme yapmayı mümkün kılan nitel bir yöntem kullanmaktadır. Ayrıca literatür taraması, kavramsal analiz ve eleştirel söylem analizi gibi tekniklerden yararlanılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili haberler ve gazete makaleleri, çalışmanın temel veri kaynakları arasındadır. Makalenin amacı doğrultusunda literatürden ve söz konusu grupların kullandığı sanal platformlardan elde edilen veriler kapsamında bazı dijital platform ve oyunların söz konusu örgütlerin iletişim ve yayılma için kullandığı bir araç olduğu ortaya koyulmaktadır. </p>
Bilişim ve Teknoloji Hukuku Sempozyumları III: Uzay, Dijital Evren ve Hukuk (Bildiri Özetleri Kitabı)
No full text<p><strong>İçindekiler</strong></p>
<p>Yakın Yörünge Uyduları Üzerinden Haberleşme Hizmetleri: Yetkilendirme ve Siber Güvenlik Kapsamında Değerlendirme ve Öneriler </p>
<p>Uzayın Ticarileşmesi: Starlınk Örneği ve Uzay Hukuku Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme</p>
<p>Otonom Uyduların Karar Döngüsü ve Uzay Hukukunda Sorumluluk Tartışmaları</p>
<p>Savunma Sanayii Perspektifinden Uzay Tabanlı Yapay Zekâ Sistemlerinin Hukuki Değerlendirilmesi </p>
<p>Astronotların Beyin Değişimleri ve Gelecekteki Uzay Yerleşkeleri: Yapay Zekâ, Nörobilim, Uzay Hukuku ve İnsan Hakları Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme</p>
<p>Gnss Uygulamaları ile Afet Müdahale Operasyonlarının Geliştirilmesi</p>
<p>Simülasyondan Tekliğe: Uzayda Dijital İkizlerin Hukuki ve Etik Boyutları</p>
<p>Kıymetli Evrakın Dijitalleşmesi: Hukuki ve Teknik Gereklilikler, Mevcut Teknolojiler ve Öneriler</p>
<p>Evlilik Birliğinin Temelinden Sarsılması Boşanma Sebebi Bağlamında Metaverse Teknolojisinin Değerlendirilmesi</p>
<p>Metaverse Şirketlerinin Hukuki Niteliği: Dijital Evrenlerde Sanal Ticari İşletmeler</p>
<p>Metaverse’ün Hukuka Etkisi ve Global Metaverse Pazarı</p>
<p>Avrupa Birliği Dijital Düzenlemesinde Kamu-Özel Ortaklığının Rolü ve Hukukun Üstünlüğü İlkesi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi</p>
<p>Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesinin Özel ve Aile Hayatına Saygı Hakkı Işığında Veri Güvenliğine İlişkin Denetimi</p>
<p>Devletin Siber Uzaydaki Milli Gücünü Meydana Getiren Unsurlarına Yönelik Siber Saldırıda Bulunma Suçu: “Siber Güvenlik Kanunu” Kapsamında Bir İnceleme</p>
<p>Türkiye’nin Yeni 7545 Sayılı Yeni Siber Güvenlik Kanunu: Yapı, Kapsam ve Etkileri</p>
<p>Ruhsat Usulünde Yeni Bir Uygulama: Youtube Yayıncılarına Rtük Lisansı</p>
<p>Telekomünikasyon Hizmetlerinin Yetkilendirilmesi ve Denetlenmesinde Bağımsız İdari Otoritelerin Önemi: BTK Örneği</p>
<p>Ceza Hukuku Açısından Uydulara Yönelik Siber Saldırılar</p>
<p>E-Ticaret Sitelerinde Sahte Yorumlara İlişkin Ceza Hukuku Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme</p>
<p>Görünmeyen Sınırlar: Dijital Egemenliğin Uluslararası Hukuktaki Yansımaları</p>
<p>İletişim Ahlakı Yasası Bölüm 230 Kapsamında Derin Kurgu Teknolojisiyle Üretilen Zararlı İçeriklerin Sosyal Medya Platformlarında Yayılmasının Önlenmesi</p>
<p>Elektrikli Araçlarda İnternet Kullanımı ve E-Sim Teknolojisi</p>Sempozyum, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi ile Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adli Bilişim Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi tarafından yapılmıştır
Beyond Linear Models: Machine Learning Insights into the Interplay of Digital Game Addiction, Family Belonging, and Physical Activity Motivation
No full text<p>Abstract<br>
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the complex relationships between psychosocial determinants such as physical activity motivation (PAM), family connectedness (FB), and digital game addiction (DGA) in adolescents using machine learning-based models and structural equation modeling (SEM). <br>
Method: This study..... In this study, the nonlinear relationships between PAM, SWB, and FB were analyzed with advanced regression models such as LOESS, piecewise regression, and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). Models were constructed for both genders, outliers were removed, data were normalized, and complex interaction patterns between variables were generated using machine learning (ML). <br>
Results: According to the findings obtained from the LOESS, piecewise linear regression and MARS methods used in the study, the relationship between PAM, FB, and DGA showed different levels of success. According to the performance metrics obtained, the MARS algorithm modeled the data in the best way (MAE=4.23, MSE=22.34, RMSE=4ç73, R2=0.85). The analysis with LOESS plots showed that FB and PAM decreased as DGA increased and PAM increased as FB increased. <br>
Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that the MARS algorithm effectively captures the complex interactions between variables such as PAM, FB, and DGA and gender-based variations thanks to its flexible structure.</p>
Weakly Solvating Cyclic Ether-Based Deep Eutectic Electrolytes for Stable High-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries
No full text<p>Deep eutectic electrolytes (DEE) have emerged as an innovative approach to address the instability and safety issues of lithium metal batteries at elevated temperatures. However, in practice, there is often an undesirable incompatibility between the eutectic mixture and electrodes, and also an insufficient reduction stability of DEE due to the increased Li+ concentration. Herein, we designed a new DEE by utilizing weakly solvating tetrahydropyran (THP) solvent. Due to the high reduction resistance of THP and concentrated lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), this DEE demonstrates enhanced compatibility with Li metal anode and high temperature tolerance with LiMn2O4 cathode. The Li||LiMn2O4 cell (1.6 mAh cm-2) shows a high capacity retention of 96.02 % after 600 cycles at room temperature. More importantly, this Li||LiMn2O4 cell achieves a remarkable high-temperature performance with a high capacity retention of 91.72 % after 120 cycles and low self-discharge after storage for 240 hours at a high temperature of 55 degrees C, which is critical for LiMn2O4 cathode. Overall, this electrolyte design provides an alternative pathway for the development of DEEs for high-temperature and high-voltage lithium metal batteries, which can also be expanded to other batteries.</p>
A new strategy for enhancing S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe) oral bioavailability: Preparation of SAMe loaded inulin nanoparticles for colon targeting with in vivo validation
No full text<p>S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is a crucial endogenous molecule in vital biochemical processes such as DNA, RNA, and protein methylation. It has been found beneficial in the treatment of liver disease, osteoarthritis, and particularly depression. However, SAMe's therapeutic potential is limited by low bioavailability due to poor permeability and extensive liver metabolism. This study sought to improve SAMe's bioavailability by encapsulating it in inulin nanoparticles, utilizing a colon-targeted delivery system. Inulin, a prebiotic that promotes gut health by encouraging beneficial gut bacteria, is an ideal carrier for colon-specific drug delivery. Inulin nanoparticles were prepared using the desolvation method, incorporating sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) for ion pairing with SAMe. The nanoparticles were spraycoated onto microcrystalline cellulose inert microspheres in a fluidized bed with Eudragit L30D-55 for colontargeted release (Nanoparticle-In-Microparticles, NIMs). Pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that encapsulating SAMe in inulin nanoparticles resulted in a significant three-fold increase in bioavailability compared to its pure form. This enhancement highlights the potential of inulin nanoparticles as an effective delivery system for SAMe, particularly in colon-targeted therapies.</p>
Effect of mechanical pre-treatment on the recovery potential of rare-earth elements and gold from discarded hard disc drives
No full text<p>The growing demand for rare-earth elements (REEs) and their limited availability have made REEs critical with high supply risk. E-waste, particularly waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), offers a valuable secondary source. This study assesses the impact of mechanical pre-treatment on the recovery of REEs and gold from discarded hard disk drives (HDDs). We compared recovery efficiencies of REEs and Au using separation techniques, particle sizing, and chemical analyses between two pre-treatment methods: shredding and manual disassembly. Shredding, common in electronic waste processing, leads to oxidation and significant loss of critical raw materials (CRMs), while manual disassembly preserves clean, and non-oxidized NdFeB magnets for magnet-to-magnet recycling. Manually disassembled HDDs were directly analyzed to determine recyclable quantities of REEs and gold. Shredded HDDs underwent sieving, density, and magnetic separation, followed by demagnetization and chemical analysis. Results indicate shredding causes a 73.9% loss of REEs and a 43.8% loss of Au compared to manual disassembly, with increased oxidation due to finer particles. These findings suggest that while shredding is adequate for recovering ferrous and aluminum fractions, manual disassembly is essential for maximizing REE recovery.</p>
Improvement and Optimisation of Green Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Sinapic Acid Content and Lipase Inhibition From Caucasian Whortleberry (<i>Vaccinium arctostaphylos</i> L.) by Box-Behnken Design
No full text<p>Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) is a beneficial natural source for obesity due to its rich content of phenolic compounds. It has been shown that phenolic compounds have antiobesity properties through a variety of molecular mechanisms. The goal of the current study was to identify the optimal conditions of green ultrasonic extraction (UAE) for Caucasian whortleberry via phenolic compounds and lipase inhibition. The experimental design was carried out using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD) to detect optimum conditions of ultrasonic extraction. Three levels of three independent variables were incorporated into the BBD: ethanol concentration, temperature and time. RP-HPLC analysis was utilised to quantify the phenolic content, and the spectroscopic method was used to evaluate the lipase inhibitions. Quadratic response surface models were suggested according to the results of the BBD model adequacy test (p < 0.0001) performed by multiple regression analysis. The data showed that the sinapic acid concentration and lipase inhibition are significantly impacted by the extraction conditions. The optimal conditions for sinapic acid content and lipase inhibition were detected as 100% ethanol concentration, 60 degrees C and 60 min. The highest sinapic acid content (13.66 mg/g dry extract) and lipase inhibition level (IC50 = 66.22 mu g/mL) with desirability of 0.8583 resulted under optimal conditions. In comparison with the conventional extraction method, optimal conditions resulted in a notable rise of 57.01% for sinapic acid content and a substantial increase of 53.12% for lipase inhibitory effect. These optimal conditions mediated more sinapic acid content and lipase inhibitor activity can be suggested for the development of food supplements or herbal medicine with Caucasian whortleberry.</p>
The development of a novel, green, efficient, and eco-friendly GC-MS/MS analytical method for the reliable and rapid determination of dl-PCBs, and PCDD/Fs using hydrogen as a carrier gas and a modified ion source
No full text<p>The polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) are worldwide contaminants, and they tend to accumulate in wide variety of matrices. Therefore, due to the highest accumulation rate and recalcitrancy, their precise quantification makes significant concern about their toxicological effects on both humans and organisms. The objective of the study is that using hydrogen carrier gas instead of helium in gas chromatography with triple quadrupole (GC-MS/MS) systems could contribute to improvements on the analysis of dl-PCBs and PCDD/Fs in environmental matrices. The study evaluates the performance of the analysis time under the desired chromatographic resolution criteria for PCDD/Fs analysis, monitoring the plausible mass spectrum/fragmentation ratio changes, and finally the quantification limits of the targeted most toxic persistent organic compound congeners. The main advantage of using H2 carrier gas is that the analysis time was drastically reduced (similar to 2.5 times) along with improved resolution due to an increase in peak widths in similar to 0.6-0.7 factor. This study emphasized that the resolution was remarkably affected by the hexa congeners of PCDD/Fs; nearly baseline separation was observed. However, the sensitivity was slightly reduced (similar to 6-7 fold), which affected the calibration starting concentrations (0.8-3.2 pg/mu l). The acquired mass spectra indicated that the lower fragment enhancement was noticeable, particularly on higher chlorinated ones (hexa, hepta, and octa congeners). The calculated ortho-effect values (1-58) in this study are consistent with the previous results in the literature (1-66 and 1-83) and supports the conclusion about the observations of lower fragment enhancement. Despite non-detection of hydrogenation, there is a significant difference in the quant/qual ion ratios in the studied compounds between helium and hydrogen carrier gas. The finalized methodology was examined, and the performance of the hydroinert (R) ion source was assessed over a three-month analysis period with a real sample analysis (RSD <= 17.8 %). The results indicate that hydrogen is a potential and reliable GC-MS/MS carrier gas in dl-PCBs and PCDD/Fs for environmental matrices.</p>
Cellulose nanocrystal-loaded polylactide/poly(butylene adipate-<i>co</i>-terephthalate) blends: nanoparticles' influence on the structure and properties of nanofibrous webs
No full text<p>Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have gained considerable attention due to their superior properties, i.e., high aspect ratio, high modulus and strength, low density, and have been widely studied as a key component in the development of green nanocomposites. In this study, electrospinning of CNC-loaded polymer blend of polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is reported for the first time. The polymer blend ratio and solvent ratio of dichloromethane (DCM)/ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was optimized based on electrospinnability of the developed solution formulations, and successful fabrication of homogeneous bead-free nanofibers. Subsequently, CNCs were incorporated into PLA/PBAT polymer blends at various loading levels, i.e., from 1 to 5 wt%, in order to explore the influence of CNC incorporation on the key properties of PLA/PBAT nanocomposite nanofibrous webs, i.e., morphological and chemical structure, melting and crystallization behavior, thermal and hydrolytic degradation, mechanical performance and wettability characteristic. The main finding of this study was that well-distributed nanoparticles in the nanofibrous webs led to improved mechanical, thermal and wettability properties, even with a low CNC loading level, i.e., 1 wt%. The outcomes provide a groundwork for future studies on the design and fabrication of biodegradable nanocomposite nanofibers from PLA/PBAT blends for a variety of applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery, active/ intelligent food packaging, by clearly elucidating the structure-property relationships.</p>