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Influence of Adaptive Leadership Safe Environment dimension on Organizational Performance in Kenya’s Insurance Companies
No full textThe specific objective of the study was to examine the extent to which a safe environment as a dimension of adaptive leadership influences organizational performance. The study was guided by the Adaptive Leadership theory. The positivism philosophy and descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The population consisted of 311 senior and middle-level managers from 56 licensed insurance companies in Kenya. A census survey was used and primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire in this study. Descriptive statistics used in the analysis included the mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics included the Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The study found a positive and significant correlation between a safe environment and organizational performance. The study found that a safe environment significantly predicted organizational performance, β = 0.698, t (239) = 9.784, p < .001 hence, the null hypothesis was rejected. The study concluded that a safe environment has a significant influence on organizational performance. The study, therefore, recommends that leaders should create safe environments to enhance organizational performance
Compliance to Food Hygiene Practice Standards Among Food Handlers in Selected Restaurants in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Get PDFThe already developed Kenya Standard - Hygiene requirements in food service establishments and catering operations KS 2573:2015 outlines food hygiene practice requirements for food service establishments including restaurants. The broad objective of the study was to evaluate compliance to food hygiene practice standards among food handlers in selected restaurants in Nairobi City County. A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used. The study targeted 39 purposively and proportionately sampled restaurants and 316 food handlers in the selected restaurants in Nairobi City County. The dependent variables were implementation of HACCP system and food handlers’ food hygiene practice, and the independent variable was compliance to food hygiene practice standards in restaurants. Data was collected using interview guides and questionnaires. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze the data and these findings are reported in a descriptive manner. Qualitative method was used to analyze content from interviews for themes. Gaps were identified in food temperature control for high risk foods in all food handling stages. Low proportion of food handlers consistently reported good food hygiene practice in aspects analyzed under food time and temperature control. The study recommends monitoring capacity strengthening by Public Health Inspectorate to ensure food hygiene practice standards required in restaurants and among food handlers is adhered to
TRADE REMEDIES AS EMANCIPATORY MECHANISMS FOR COMPETITIVE PRICE DIFFERENTIATION CHALLENGES WITHIN AND OUTSIDE THE AFRICAN CONTINENTAL FREE TRADE AREA (AfCFTA): Harrison Otieno Mbori
Get PDFThe question of whether international trade remedies remain economically, politically, and legally efficacious and relevant in the 21st century is still a lingering one. This paper makes two broad arguments in addressing this critical question. The first is that while trade remedies can have positive externalities for individual African states, African states should implement these actions through their larger regional trading arrangements and blocs, especially at the continental level within the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA). The second argument is embedded in the view that trade remedies, from an economic viewpoint, should first be eliminated at the multilateral level. But since the current international trading regime’s political economy and geopolitical structures might not easily allow this anytime soon, the paper assumes that trade remedies as structured in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) are here to stay. The author, thus, argues that for the first objective of regional implementation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) to work appropriately, then African states should eliminate trade remedies internally. They should thereafter focus on alternative means of addressing the negative consequences of free trade through the creation of free trade areas (FTAs) and custom unions (CUs) such as a continental competition policy. Importantly, however, these two arguments take for granted that the current international trading system is fair and ensures economic justice for African states and the peoples of Africa. The paper begins by tracing the immiseration that the current international trading system causes in order to paint a Third World Approach to International Law (TWAIL) backdrop for the two arguments presented
THE KENYA-USA NEGOTIATIONS FOR A FREE TRADE AREA AGREEMENT: MAKING A CASE FOR A GENDER-RESPONSIVE APPROACH: Omolo Joseph Agutu
Get PDFThrough free trade agreements, participating states aim to facilitate trade among themselves by eliminating all barriers from their Free Trade Area’s (FTA) internal trade. The extent to which a participating state derives and distributes benefits from an FTA agreement necessarily depends on the nature and structure of its economy. Thus, the gender dimension of an economy must be one of the factors to be considered in any discussion on a free trade agreement so as to ensure equitable and full participation of all persons who fall in a country’s working age group. In doing this, some of the questions that should be considered are: what is the gender profile of the country’s economy and how does it affect men and women? What factors (inhibitors and enablers) have contributed to the present gender profile of the economy? What is the desired level of gender-inclusion in the economy and how can it be achieved? And are there effective mechanisms under the free trade agreement for enforcing the gender-inclusion goals? In seeking to answer these questions, this article looks at the gender issues in the Kenya-USA FTA agreement negotiations
In search of answers: My reverse education with Prof Chief Justice Willy Mutunga: Marion Joy Onchangwa
Get PDFAfter listening to Professor Chief Justice (CJ) Willy Mutunga deliver his lectures, I had questions about some of the things he was saying. I later joined a class he was teaching at Kabarak Law School, reached out, and began to ask some of the questions that I had. The question-and-answer sessions resulted in lengthy and substantive intellectual exchanges on various legal subjects. Prof CJ Mutunga suggested that I publish the exchanges. This piece presents the first part of the exchanges. A second part was published by The Platform, November 2023 Issue as ‘A conversation on “The 2010 Constitution of Kenya and its interpretation: Reflections from the Supreme Court’s decisions” by Prof Chief Justice Willy M Mutunga’, 20-30
The Mechanical and Elastic Properties of Selected 211 MAX Phases: A Density Functional theory Study
No full textAbstract: MAX Phases are a class of ternary materials that have continued to play a greater role in the field of materials science due to their unique properties that bridge the gap between metals and ceramics which have uses in a wide range of applications. The studies done so far have proven that MAX phase materials are indeed a promising class of materials in a wide range of applications. However, in spite of this progress, there are still a lot of open questions and properties that needs to be understood. The Mechanical and elastic properties of (Nine) MAX phase materials, namely, Ti2AlC, Ti2AlN, Ti2GaC, Ti2GaN, Ti2PbC, Ti2CdC, Ti2SiC, Ti2GeC and Ti2SnC have been investigated using the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximations as expressed in Quantum Espresso and VASP codes. The values of elastic anisotropy, Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio and shear modulus revealed that the compounds were indeed stable and ductile. Out of all the nine MAX Phase materials, Ti2PbC and Ti2CdC are more stable than the other considered compounds. The findings of this study suggest that the nine MAX phases considered in this study are potential candidates in various industrial applications requiring hard material
AfCFTA AS AN ANTI-COLONIAL PROJECT: SOME ASPECTS OF TRADE AND INVESTMENT: Moses Antony Odhiambo and Tomasz Milej
Get PDFWith the Agreement Establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA Agreement) in place, the continent looks forward to significant transformation in its international economic relations, hoping for a shift from specialisation in export of primary commodities to competitive diversification of exports. The question, therefore, becomes how AfCFTA envisions trade and investment in Africa within a non-colonial context. The following article, first, demonstrates the problem with the prominence of primary commodity exportation from Africa through the theory of unequal exchange. Second, the article seeks to establish how creation and integration of regional value chains (RVCs) will transform this non-profitable commodity structure of exports from African economies. Third, the article will also investigate the role of the AfCFTA in attracting investment flows to African economies without overprotection of foreign investors while promoting intra-African RVCs. The article establishes that colonial underpinnings have imposed on Africa the role of producer of raw materials in a manufacturing global economy. The AfCFTA can therefore been seen as an anti-colonial project that envisages increase in value-addition activities. Hence, it is anticipated that the establishment of a single market under the AfCFTA would reduce the hitherto high cost of intra-African trade
A CRITIQUE OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY’S NON-TARIFF BARRIERS REGIME: Hanningtone Amol
Get PDFThe role of tariffs as instruments of control of international trade has gradually waned, with uniform tariffs applying in major regional economic communities (RECs). States desire, as is expected, to retain control over inflow and outflow of trade in their territories. Non-tariff measures (NTMs) have emerged as effective tools in the hands of states to maintain control over trade, where tariffs are no longer considered effective controls. Over time, discriminatory and unjustified uses of NTMs have resulted in unhealthy trade barriers commonly known as non-tariff barriers (NTBs). In the East African Community (EAC), inter-state trade has been adversely affected by NTBs. The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in EAC in 2020, for example, highlighted the significance of rising NTBs in intra-EAC trade, with each Partner State adopting measures targeting flow of trade across borders. This paper is a critique of the EAC’s legal regime on elimination of NTBs
Law students’ role in radical legal education: Lessons from the University Students African Revolutionary Front: Nadya Rashid
Get PDFLaw, as a course taught at universities, needs to not only involve the teaching of the mastery and understanding of the laws of a particular nation but should also involve the teaching of how to analyse and criticise these laws
A Longitudinal Assessment of Written Communication among Students at a Private University in Kenya
Get PDFRegular assessment of program outcome is a fundamental part of efficient curriculum review and improvement. Accrediting commissions expect that by the time of graduation, each student should have achieved the expected program learning outcomes. All accredited programs undergo an assessment process to demonstrate program outcome achievement. This paper presents findings of a longitudinal assessment of students’ writing skills at United States International University (USIU-A). The main objective of this study was to assess the progress made by students in written communication competence right from entry to their final level of the English courses offered at the institution. This was aimed at providing instructionally relevant feedback to instructors which could be used to inform curriculum review and classroom instruction to improve students\u27 writing skills. The study used an analytical rubric to assess students written scripts at different levels from entry to their final level of the English courses. Findings show general improvement in the students writing skills safe for syntax and grammar. A few recommendations are made from the findings including; providing students with a language intensive program before they begin their degree program, promoting writing across the curriculum (WAC) approach, and limiting language class sizes to 30 for effective teaching, evaluation, and feedback