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Nadzieja na sukces jako predyktor efektywności procesu resocjalizacji wychowanków zakładów dla nieletnich: Hope for success as a predictor of the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process of juveniles in correctional facilities
Full text linkThe article addresses the factors influencing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process for youth in Polish juvenile detention centers. A significant predictor of this effectiveness is considered to be the level of hope for achieving success in life. Here, hope is understood as one of the important social competencies. Therefore, based on the diagnostic survey method, from October to November 2021, a study was conducted to determine the level of hope characterizing the mentioned youth, using the Hope for Success Questionnaire by Charles R. Snyder, adapted to Polish by Mariola Łaguna, Jerzy Trzebiński, and Mariusz Zięba. The questionnaire was distributed by mail to all juvenile detention centers in Poland. Out of the returned questionnaires, 278 were qualified for further analysis. The results indicate a high level of optimism among the youth regarding their competencies to cope with life\u27s difficulties, and consequently, a high level of hope for achieving success. These results also form the basis for formulating methodological recommendations.W artykule podjęte zostało zagadnienie uwarunkowań efektywności procesu resocjalizacji młodzieży przebywającej w polskich zakładach dla nieletnich. Za istotny predyktor tej efektywności uznano poziom nadziei na osiągnięcie sukcesów w życiu. Nadzieja rozumiana jest tutaj jako jedna z ważnych kompetencji społecznych. W związku z tym, opierając się na metodzie sondażu diagnostycznego, w okresie od października do listopada 2021 r., wykorzystując „Kwestionariusz Nadziei na Sukces” Charlesa Richarda Snydera w polskiej adaptacji Marioli Łaguny, Jerzego Trzebińskiego i Mariusza Zięby (2005) przeprowadzono badania mające na celu ustalenie poziomu nadziei charakteryzującego wspomnianą młodzież. Kwestionariusz został rozdysponowany pocztą do wszystkich zakładów dla nieletnich w Polsce. Spośród zwróconych kwestionariuszy 278 zostało zakwalifikowanych do dalszych analiz. Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują na wysoki poziom optymizmu młodzieży w zakresie posiadanych przez nią kompetencji do radzenia sobie z trudnościami życiowymi, a co za tym idzie wysoki poziom nadziei na osiągnięcie sukcesu. Pozwoliły też na sformułowanie metodycznych rekomendacji.
The article addresses the factors influencing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process for youth in Polish juvenile detention centers. A significant predictor of this effectiveness is considered to be the level of hope for achieving success in life. Here, hope is understood as one of the important social competencies. Therefore, based on the diagnostic survey method, from October to November 2021, a study was conducted to determine the level of hope characterizing the mentioned youth, using the Hope for Success Questionnaire by Charles R. Snyder, adapted to Polish by Mariola Łaguna, Jerzy Trzebiński, and Mariusz Zięba. The questionnaire was distributed by mail to all juvenile detention centers in Poland. Out of the returned questionnaires, 278 were qualified for further analysis. The results indicate a high level of optimism among the youth regarding their competencies to cope with life\u27s difficulties, and consequently, a high level of hope for achieving success. These results also form the basis for formulating methodological recommendations
What is “A Certain International Criminal Court” and does the Choice of a Fully International or Internationalized (Hybrid) Court/Chambers Matter for the Crime of Aggression Committed Against Ukraine?
No full textWhen the International Court of Justice issued its Arrest Warrant Judgment in 2002, it indicated that personal immunities do not prevent proceedings in front of “certain international criminal courts” and provided three demonstrative examples of such courts.
After the full-scale invasion of Ukraine commenced in February 2022, debates ensued regarding the elements necessary to qualify a court within the meaning of the Arrest Warrant Judgment. They particularly concern two types of tribunals (“fully international” and “hybrid / internationalized”). This article suggests that only fully international courts qualify as “certain international criminal courts”, while hybrid tribunals are far too attached to the sovereignty of State(s) to meet its criteria. The determination of a court as hybrid or international is rather fluid however, and the qualification as “a certain international criminal court” depends on various elements (the establishing mechanism; applicable law; and reflection of the will of the international community) in each individual case
Polskie sprawy przed Sądem Unii Europejskiej: [Polish cases before the General Court of the European Union]
No full textThis text examines the participation of Polish applicants in cases before the General Court of the European Union. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed: firstly, by presenting the cases in which Polish was used as a language of the proceedings, and secondly, by briefly analysing the domains in which Polish cases were most numerous. Last but not least, the paper explores the impact of Poland on the development of European law, be it by refining the procedural rules applied before the General Court (such as the requirement for lawyers representing the parties to be independent) or certain issues of material EU law (e.g. the first definition of the principle of energy solidarity within the EU).Tekst przedstawia udział polskich podmiotów w sprawach rozpatrywanych przez Sąd Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawiona została analiza ilościowa i jakościowa polskiej obecności – po pierwsze, przez przedstawienie spraw, w których językiem postępowania był język polski, po drugie, przez zbadanie charakteru spraw najczęściej wnoszonych przez polskie podmioty. Wreszcie wskazano sprawy, jakimi Polska się wyróżniła, doprowadzając czy to doprecyzowania pewnych rozwiązań proceduralnych przed Sądem UE (takich jak zasada niezależności pełnomocnika procesowego), czy do zmiany interpretacji przepisów prawa materialnego UE (nowa wykładnia zasady solidarności energetycznej)
Model of Adjudicatory Powers of Polish Administrative Courts
No full textThe issue of the shape of adjudicatory powers of administrative courts (cassation or substantive) is currently one of the most important research areas of the European doctrine devoted to judicial control of administration. These issues are currently being discussed in Poland, which translates into changes in the legislation regulating judicial-administrative procedure. The purpose of this article is to present, to a foreign reader, what the Polish model of judicial control of public administration currently looks like in terms of adjudicatory competences of administrative courts, with particular emphasis on the power to rule on the merits by administrative courts. In order to synthesise the issue in question, firstly the process of development of these competences is presented against the background of regulations of individual procedural acts. It is followed by a presentation of the reasons why the Polish adjudication model is supplemented with competences which make it possible for administrative courts to adjudicate on the merits. Then practical and doctrinal problems linked to a given adjudication model are dealt with. The conclusion of the article contains a summary of the above considerations, coupled with an attempt to fit the Polish adjudication model into the author’s scheme of models currently found in Europe. The discussion ends with a forecast of further development of the presented model
Current Issues in the Transcription of Birth Certificates for Children of Same-Sex Parents: Selected Remarks in Light of Administrative Court Jurisprudence and Stanislaw Kasznica\u27s Thought on the \u27Authoritative Interpretation of Legal Norms Contained in Legislative Acts”
No full textOne of the problems addressed in Stanisław Kasznica’s work was the importance of administrative court rulings in the process of interpreting administrative law. In order to illustrate this in the current state of the law, judgments of administrative courts – the RAC and the HAC – were selected in cases involving complaints against decisions of provincial governors upholding decisions of heads of the civil registry office refusing to transcribe the birth certificate of a child in which people of the same sex were indicated as parents, as well as a specific resolution of a panel of seven judges of the HAC of 2 January 2019, II OSK 1/19
Public Administration and Criteria of Good Administration in the Works by Professor Stanisław Kasznica
No full textThe subject of analysis in this article is Professor Stanisław Kasznica’s reflections on public administration. His postulates concerning the functioning of public administration with the criteria of “good administration” are compared with the current understanding of the matter. The main intention is thus to demonstrate the validity of the theses put forward by the professor. In conclusion, it can be stated that the main thesis of the article has been confirmed, that most of the assumptions in the relationship between the administration and the individual were previously known and inspired the postulates raised by contemporary authors. These demands were a harbinger of the adoption in the EU of one of the fundamental rights of the EU – the right to good administration.
Navigating Troubled Waters: Evaluating the Function and Material Legitimacy of European Criminal Law
No full textThe question of the function of European criminal law has dominated recent doctrinal thinking. In order to answer that question, a thorough study on the guiding principles of criminalisation and their applicability to the European Union’s legislative process was necessary. This article focusses first on the concept of legitimacy and the need for a European criminal policy, and then on some principles that already exist in the EU’s legal order and their ability to provide said legitimacy. Following the conclusion that the existing principles are insufficient, it is suggested that the harm principle and the principle of protection of legal goods would be more appropriate to evaluate the material legitimacy of European criminal law. For that purpose, the multiple categories of interests that coexist in the EU will be analysed according to the allocation of responsibility for their protection. That distinction will, in turn, lead to the proposal of a three-step process to assess any given instance of criminalisation stemming from the EU. Finally, the practical consequences of such a process will be mentioned in the conclusion
Aleksandra Mężykowska, Anna Młynarska-Sobaczewska, Persuasion and Legal Reasoning in the ECtHR Rulings Balancing Impossible Demands, Routledge, Oxon and New York: 2023, pp. 230
No full textMateusz Błachucki, International Cooperation, Competition Authorities and Transnational Networks, Routledge, Oxford-New York: 2023, pp. 296
No full textDopuszczalność kumulacji sankcji lub postępowań o charakterze karnym w świetle zasady ne bis in idem. Analiza najnowszego orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej : [Admissibility of cumulation of sanctions or proceedings of criminal nature in the light of the ne bis in idem principle. Analysis of recent case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union]
No full textThe purpose eof this article is to analyse Article 52 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR) and the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning the conditions under which a cumulation of criminal proceedings or sanctions is admissible. They determine in which cases the principle of ne bis in idem laid down in Article 50 CFR applies. It is particularly important that the requirements of proportionality be met for the cumulation, i.e. it is necessary, the burden resulting from it is not excessive and the concurrent proceedings are sufficiently foreseeable and coordinated. Compliance with these criteria determines whether the duplication of proceedings and penalties, and thus the restriction of the fundamental right under Article 50 of the CFR, is justified. The importance of these criteria for protecting against the disproportionality of cumulative sanctions justifies a cross-cutting clarification of them for their concrete application by the authorities deciding on the imposition of sanctions of a criminal nature.Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza warunków dopuszczalności kumulacji postępowań lub sankcji o charakterze karnym wynikających z art. 52 Karty praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej (Karta, KPP) i orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej. Determinują one, w których przypadkach dopuszczalne jest ograniczenie zakazu podwójnego karania (ne bis in idem), określonego w art. 50 KPP. Szczególnie istotne jest spełnienie wymogów w zakresie proporcjonalności kumulacji, tj. niezbędności i braku nadmierności obciążenia wynikającego z kumulacji, jej dostatecznej przewidywalności oraz koordynacji zbiegających się postępowań. Od ich spełnienia zależy, czy multiplikacja postępowań lub sankcji, a tym samym ograniczenie prawa podstawowego z art. 50 KPP (ne bis in idem) zostaną uznane za dopuszczalne. Znaczenie tych kryteriów dla zapewnienia ochrony przed nieproporcjonalnością skumulowanych sankcji przemawia za koniecznością przekrojowego objaśnienia tych warunków na potrzeby konkretnego zastosowania przez organy decydujące o nałożeniu sankcji o charakterze karnym.
[The purpose eof this article is to analyse Article 52 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFR) and the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning the conditions under which a cumulation of criminal proceedings or sanctions is admissible. They determine in which cases the principle of ne bis in idem laid down in Article 50 CFR applies. It is particularly important that the requirements of proportionality be met for the cumulation, i.e. it is necessary, the burden resulting from it is not excessive and the concurrent proceedings are sufficiently foreseeable and coordinated. Compliance with these criteria determines whether the duplication of proceedings and penalties, and thus the restriction of the fundamental right under Article 50 of the CFR, is justified. The importance of these criteria for protecting against the disproportionality of cumulative sanctions justifies a cross-cutting clarification of them for their concrete application by the authorities deciding on the imposition of sanctions of a criminal nature.