University of Dodoma Journals
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Examining the influence of gender-responsive pedagogies on students’ academic performance in secondary schools in Tanzania: The case of Mafia, District
Full text linkThe relationship between gender-responsive pedagogy and student learning is seldom investigated. This study, therefore, examined the influence of gender-responsive pedagogies on students’ academic performance in Tanzanian secondary schools. The study employed a mixed methods research approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomena under investigation. A total of 249 participants engaged in surveys and interviews. The reliability of the instruments was assessed by using Cronbach’s Alpha. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models were used in analysing quantitative data. The findings revealed that most secondary school teachers possessed an understanding of gender-responsive pedagogies, particularly in adopting gender-sensitive language and considering the distinct needs of both male and female students in their teaching practices. Several practices significantly and positively influence students’ academic performance. These include teaching reinforcement (β=0.176, P=0.001), giving sufficient time for shy students to answer questions (β=0.163, P=0.001), encouraging mixed-gender groups (β=0.036, P=0.205), and providing equal opportunities for students to be group leaders (β=0.084, P=0.001). The study recommends that awareness creation through pre-service and in-service teacher education would facilitate teachers to become more proficient in using gender-responsive pedagogies
Mastering the digital frontier: Development of pedagogical use of ICT competences among student-teachers in Tanzania
Full text linkThis study investigated the factors influencing student-teachers’ development and use of pedagogical ICT competences in teaching and learning process. The study was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge model. A descriptive research method was employed to gather quantitative data from a purposive sample of 187 third-year student-teachers from three universities in Tanzania. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between variables related to facilitative condition factors for the development of pedagogical ICT competences. Other factors such as attitudes and expectations, operational usefulness, and social influences had positive corrections; although, they were statistically insignificant. Regarding perceived pedagogical ICT competences related to content delivery, about 74% of the respondents perceived themselves as very skilled and 25.67% as fairly skilled. In addition, competences related to incorporating ICT in instructional strategies, 58.82% of the respondents reported that they were very skilled and 34.22% said they were fairly skilled. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to strengthen the training on pedagogical ICT competences and promote effective technology integration in content delivery and instructional strategies
Does Learning Orientation Enhance Financial Performance of Micro and Small Food Agro-processing Enterprises? Lessons from Tanzania
Full text linkThis study was set to investigate the relationship between learning orientation and financial performance of micro and small food agro-processing enterprises. The study was carried out in Arusha, Morogoro and Dar es Salaam regions in Tanzania. A quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey design were employed. A total of 302 owner-managers were assessed using semi-structured questionnaire whereas stratified sampling technique was used to pick the sample. Data analysis was performed through structural equation modelling. The study confirmed positive link between learning orientation and the financial performance of food micro and small agro-processing enterprises in Tanzania. More specifically, both gross profit margin and net profit margin showed positive significant relationship with firm’s learning orientation. On the other hand, return on capital employed was found to have positive none significant relationship with learning orientation. The findings provide an indication that, deliberate efforts for improving learning behaviours are needed for improved financial performance of micro and small agro-processing firms. Hence, business owners of food agro-processing MSEs need to establish their learning frameworks by attending workshops, training and business exhibitions where they can acquire necessary business knowledge for improving their firms’ financial performance. Again, government and trainers can enhance learning habits of the agro-processing MSEs by establishing conducive environment for the enterprises to learn and acquire knowledge to positively enhance financial outcomes of these firms
Utilisation of performance-based rewards to improve teachers’ work performance in Tanzanian secondary schools
Full text linkIn this study we explored the heads of schools utilisation of performance-based rewards (PBR) to improve teachers’ work performance (TWP). The study employed a qualitative approach and an exploratory case study design. A sample of 20 participants, including heads of schools, teachers, ward educational officers (WEOs), and internal school quality assurance officers (ISQAOs), was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection methods involved interviews and documentary reviews, and were analysed using thematic analysis . The findings revealed that heads of schools utilised the PBR to motivate teachers to increase students’ pass rates in national examinations, fostering a culture of hard work among teachers, and recognizing and celebrating academic achievements in national examinations. Additionally, the study showed that teaching practice focused on content coverage and lack of a conducive teaching and learning environment impeded teachers from effectively integrating the LCA into their lessons. The study concluded that heads of schools utilised PBR to improve TWP. The study recommends expansion of the scope of PBR to include the reward of teachers who effectively incorporate LCA into their instructional practices. The study further recommends providing teachers with training on effectively integrating LCA into their instructional practices and creating teaching and learning environments that are conducive to the implementation of LCA. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of PBR in improving TWP within the context of private secondary schools.
Firm-specific characteristics and IFRSs compliance: a study of savings and credit cooperative societies in Tanzania
Full text linkCompliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) has been a subject of scholarly interest in the literature due to its recognised role in influencing the quality of financial reports and enabling users to make informed decisions. However, evidence on the association between firm-specific characteristics and compliance with IFRSs in Tanzanian Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOS) is scarce. To address this knowledge gap, this study examines how size, age, category, leverage and liquidity affect compliance with IFRSs in Tanzanian SACCOS. The study employed a quantitative methodology, using panel data regression as the analytical approach. The research utilised eight years (2013 - 2020) of secondary data from 202 SACCOS in Tanzania. The findings reveal that SACCOS size, age, and leverage are positively significantly associated with the extent to which they comply with IFRSs. At the same time, no significant association was found between category, liquidity level, and compliance with IFRSs. The study recommends that policymakers make reforms that will enable SACCOS to improve the quality of financial reports through effective internal governance mechanisms. Also, sector regulatory bodies and accounting standard regulator are recommended to intensify their supervision of SACCOS and establish robust monitoring systems to improve overall SACCOS IFRSs compliance
Assessment of Kiswahili Poetry Teaching and Learning in Rwanda: A Contextual Perspective
Full text linkWhile Kiswahili poetry has been reported to be an intriguing genre, students claim to face challenges when studying it. This paper aims to assess the teaching and learning processes of Kiswahili poetry in Rwanda, focusing on its relevance to the social and cultural context. The paper has examined six crucial aspects of teaching and learning to achieve its objectives: comprehending poetry and its importance, the Kiswahili subject syllabus, the subject content, learning objectives, the actual process of teaching and learning, and the evaluation of teaching and learning. The study is grounded in the Contextual Learning Theory. The study, purposively, selected 6 secondary school teachers of Kiswahili who teach in language combinations and their corresponding students in Gasabo District. The findings indicate that the problem of context has not been, thoroughly, considered in the teaching and learning of Kiswahili poetry in Rwanda despite its clear impact on the process. Consequently, students face difficulties in fully grasping this crucial subject matter. Hence, the study proposes solutions on better integration of the teaching of Kiswahili poetry with the Rwandan context and, further, recommends teachers to prioritize the contextual aspects of Rwanda when teaching Kiswahili poetry
Understanding Regional Variations in Political Violence Victimisation in Nigeria
Full text linkPolitical violence has been part of Nigeria's history such that even to date, major political processes are still characterized by violence. However, most studies have focused on the causes of political violence, with little emphasis on the vulnerability to political violence victimisation. Using the data from Afrobarometer survey that comprised of 1,568 adults, this study investigated the prevalence of political violence victimisation, associated factors and variations between the Northern and Southern regions in Nigeria. Linear regression models were fitted to understand the influence of gender, age, poverty, presence of security apparatus, political participation, party affiliation and social group membership on political violence victimisation across the two regions in Nigeria. The study found that the experience of political violence was higher in the South than in the North. Age, poverty, security presence, political participation, social group membership, and party affiliation were statistically associated with the experience of political violence. In the North, women had a higher likelihood of experiencing political violence than men (β = 0.077, p<0.05), but the reverse was the case in the South (β = -0.071, p<0.05). The frequency of participating in demonstrations or protest marches significantly increased the likelihood of political violence victimisation only in the South (β = 0.109, p<0.01), while the frequency of engaging in collective actions was positively associated with the experience of political violence only in the North (β = 0.118, p<0.05). The study submits that the two regions have notable differences that must be considered when formulating security policies in Nigeria
Foreign Aid, Partisan Politics and Election Observation in Tanzania, 1995 -2020
Full text linkPrevious research on election observation has assessed observer bias or examined the effect of local observers on the credibility of elections. This article examines how the interplay of foreign aid and domestic has shaped election observation practices in Tanzania's general elections from 1995 to 2020. The article anchors on documentary evidence to argue that foreign aid influences, the motives of Electoral Management Bodies, and partisan influence contributed significantly to domestic observers issuing ambiguous, contradictory, and even flawed election assessments. The study calls for more accountability of the electoral stakeholders and proposes measures to deter the negative influence of foreign aid and local actors
Global Governance, Glocalisation and Endemic Instability in Africa
Full text linkHow has endemic instability in Africa reflected in global governance, or why does global governance appear not to significantly contribute to addressing troubled political developments in Africa? And what are the implications for Africa within the changing global order? While the related debates generally link global governance and regionalism to concerted, integrated, and coordinated efforts to solving global development challenges, others suggest that global governance forces have had more negative impacts, especially on development in the Global South. Yet, there remains no detailed analysis about how evolving global governance dynamics may have promoted sustained negative developments in developing countries and the implications for contemporary global order. This article undertakes a Comparative Historical Analysis of how key developments within the global governance space surrounding political, economic, and environmental or natural resource dimensions have enabled political instability in Africa since the end of World War I. The article demonstrates that the apparently limited success of global governance in promoting political stability in Africa is best understood from an entwined triad of entrenched, competitive interest in Africa, complex glocalised local realities, and the violence of liberal universalism
Research landscape of satisfaction in the public procurement context: a bibliometric analysis
Full text linkThis study conducts a bibliometric analysis of publications in the context of satisfaction in public procurement research, as retrieved from the Scopus database on 8th July 2024. The study includes publications that link aspects of satisfaction and public procurement. Data were analysed using VOSviewer and Harzing’s Publish or Perish software to conduct both performance analysis and science mapping. These are relevant for analysing performance metrics and visualisation of patterns from keyword co-occurrence analysis and bibliographic coupling. The findings reveal limited research publications related to satisfaction in the context of public procurement, with only 54 publications retrieved during the search. The trend shows fluctuations in the number of publications from 1997 to 2024. Key contributors include authors such as Kalinzi, C.; Muhwezi, M.; Munene, J.K.; and Warman, G., and institutions like Universitas Indonesia, alongside global participation from countries like China, Indonesia, and the United States. Keyword analysis highlights themes related to customer satisfaction, public procurement, and e-Government, emphasizing the pursuit of enhanced service quality and efficiency. Bibliographic coupling reveals interconnected research clusters focusing on impact of e-procurement system on satisfaction, influence of technology on performance, and user satisfaction with e-procurement system implementation. This structured analysis underscores diverse global contributions and identifies pathways for future research in the research domains of satisfaction in public procurement undertakings