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THE CHANGING ROLE AND SPACE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN TANZANIA’S FLUID POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
Full text linkGlobally, progressive civil society and their organizations have experienced different forms of restrictions for effective functioning and optimization of expected contribution in governance and development processes. Both in the developed and developing world, the phrase “shrinking civic space” has become a buzzword in academic and development discourses. The phrase is used to illustrate government repressive actions that constrain the ability of progressive civil society to organize and function autonomously. The shrinkage of civic space is more serious in areas where civil society engages in advocacy and watchdog activities as compared to those involved in direct basic service delivery. The trend of constrained civic space is widely understood to be mainly caused by autocratic governance and social conservativism. Consequently, the trend has and continues to compromise potential benefits embedded in the role of civil society in form of coerced collective action around shared interests, purposes and values. Therefore, this paper examines how progressive civil society in Tanzania builds resiliency in the context civic space changes and withstand challenges that constrain their ability to organize
OPPOSITION CANDIDACY AND ELECTORAL POLITICS IN TANZANIA: THE CASE OF ZITTO ZUBERI KABWE
Full text linkIn an electoral environment where the playing field is highly contested, it is pertinent to learn how opposition candidates win elections. This narrative case study draws from observation of parliamentary elections in Kigoma North and Kigoma Urban constituencies in Tanzania to demonstrate how the opposition candidate maneuvered to outcompete candidates of the ruling party. It reveals that winning elections involves preparations for real or perceived electoral fraud. The paper uncovers practical strategies that opposition candidates’ in Tanzania use to counter election fraud and the challenges they are likely to face. These findings reinforce existing research on electoral integrity
Mchango wa Fonolojia katika Kuuelewa Ushairi Andishi wa Kiswahili
Full text linkWataalamu mbalimbali wanabainisha kuwa kueleweka kwa ushairi kunategemea sana kuielewa fani kwa kuwa ndio nyenzo iwasilishayo maudhui. Kwa mintarafu hii, hatuna budi kuvielewa vipengele mbalimbali vya kifani vilivyotumika katika mashairi husika kama vile tamathali za semi, picha na ishara, muundo, mtindo na wahusika (Wamitila, 2004 na Mulokozi, 2017). Hata hivyo, wataalamu wengine wanabainisha wazi kuwa kazi yoyote ya fasihi, ukiwamo ushairi, hutumia lugha kuwasilisha maudhui hayo. Hivyo, ili kuyaelewa maudhui yanayowasilishwa na mashairi, uchambuzi wa lugha iliyotumika ni suala muhimu sana (Njogu na Chimerah, 2008). Aidha, ifahamike kuwa kueleweka kwa mashairi kunategemea sana kueleweka kwa vipengele mbalimbali vya kisarufi (kama vile vya kifonolojia, kimofolojia, kisintaksia na kisemantiki) vilivyotumika katika shairi husika. Kutokana na hilo, makala hii inafafanua mchango wa fonolojia katika kueleweka kwa ushairi. Ili kufanya hivyo, makala hii imechambua vipengele mbalimbali vya kifonolojia vilivyomo katika vitabu viwili, Mashairi ya Saadani (1972) na Malenga wa Bara (1976). Utafiti uliozalisha makala hii ulikuwa wa maktabani, na uwandani. Aidha, data zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya uchambuzi matini na ushuhudiaji. Uchambuzi na uwasilishaji wa data ulizingatia Nadharia ya Umuundo.Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kuwa fonolojia ina mchango mkubwa katika kuuelewa ushairi kupitia vipengele vya mpangilio wa fonimu na uradidi wake katika ushairi, uradidi wa silabi, wizani, mkazo na kiimbo
KENYA’S DATA PROTECTION REGIME: CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Full text linkIn light of the emerging scholarly interest on data protection regimes in developing countries, this article addresses the following fundamental question. What are the challenges and future prospects for the data protection regime Kenya? The article utilizes Robert Cooter’s Theory of market modernization of law, which postulates that several forces act as the impetus for the law reform, including the state, market (industry), and the public. The study findings indicate that the commitment to uphold the primacy of public security, absence of unified supervisory system, inadequate financial resources are some of the challenges of data protection regime in the country. Others include inability of data commissioner to control data processors and data controllers, and potential conflict between the data commissioner and the cabinet secretary. The prospect of the data protection law, the study concludes would depend on the following: ability of policy implementers and enforcers to pay more attention on protecting individuals’ data privacy. There is also ample opportunity for policy implementers and enforcers to learn best practices from countries with data protection regimes