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Prevalence and Corneal Morphometry of Pediatric Keratoconus: A Two-Year Cross-Sectional Study in Ukraine
Full text linkThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and corneal morphometric characteristics of pediatric keratoconus in children aged 6�16 years in Ukraine, using data collected over a two-year period. Participants were stratified by age group (6�10 and 10�16 years) and keratoconus diagnosis status based on corneal topography. Significant differences in corneal thickness and curvature were observed across groups. These findings highlight the need for early screening and morphometric monitoring in children during puberty to facilitate timely diagnosis and intervention.
Observations: Significant improvements in corneal parameters and Omega-3 indices were observed in children after supplementation.
Conclusions and Importance: Nutritional support may serve as an accessible therapeutic option in resource constrained setting
A Vascular Benign Lesion in a Perilous Location
Full text linkBackground: Hemangioblastomas arehighly vascular grade 1 tumors arising sporadically or, more rarely, in the context of Von Hippel-Lindau disease.Cystic brainstem hemangioblastomas are rare with only few cases reported in literature.
Even though they are benign, their surgery is challenging in view of their eloquent location and vascularity.Thorough perioperativemanagement is required.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 47-year-old female patient with progressive weakness, difficulty in swallowing and ataxic gait.The brain MRI showed a cystic lesion occupying the caudal part of the fourth ventricle and the dorsal medulla oblangata. We performed a subtotalexcision of the tumor that was challenging due to its adherence to the floor of the 4th ventricle and its high vascularity. The pathology exam concluded to a hemangioblastoma.
The patient presented a good evolution with no tumor progression in 6 months follow-up.
Clinical discussion: The cystic brainstem hemangioblastoma is a rare seemingly innocuous lesion but highly challenging to neurosurgeons. MRI is the investigation of choice, regularly sufficient for preoperative evaluation. Still, some authors recommend the performance of a cerebral angiography or a CTA preoperatively.
In literature, manystrategies, such as the use of preoperative embolizationor radiosurgery were described, aiming for a better-quality surgery and prognosis.
Conclusion: Cystic brainstem hemangioblastoma is a scarce histologically benign but challenging lesion with surgical difficulties.Through our case and literature review, we concluded that surgery is the mainstay treatment for brainstem hemangioblastomas mainly cystic ones and that a thorough study of its vascularization via angiography or CTA with a preoperative tumor embolization can help achieve a total tumor resection with good functional outcome andlow mortality
Rural Poverty in The Micro-Region of Cruzeiro Do Sul – Acre
Full text linkThe aim of this paper is to discuss poverty in rural areas. We intend to bring the discussion to a tangent with the dimensions of poverty characterization, with the specificities of rural poverty in Brazil and its manifestation in the micro-region of Cruzeiro do Sul - Acre. The approach uses different indicators of poverty and supports the debate in theoretical reflections built on bibliographical study and documentary research, which are protected by the qualitative approach. The bibliographic research includes consulting academic productions in journal databases and thesis and dissertation databases. Documentary research consisted of analyzing documents from official bodies and legislation on the subject.� The data refers to the characterization of poverty in rural areas in the Cruzeiro do Sul micro-region, which is made up of five municipalities in the state of Acre. It shows that impoverishment cannot be understood as an isolated phenomenon, as it is shaped by unequal development processes in which rural areas reproduce a unique reality, which in the context studied is characterized by Amazonian social and environmental specificities
Performance Assessment of Sugar Beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) for Root and Yield Characters in Humid Tropics
Full text linkA study was conducted to assess the performance of sugar beet in humid tropical regions and to identify varieties/ hybrids, suitable to tropical conditions. The experimental material consisted of 30 sugar beet genotypes, including twenty-two varieties and eight hybrids. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the twenty-two varieties and the eight hybrids for all the characters studied. Madhur recorded the highest root length of 7.43 cm among varieties and Red Star (Sakura) (7.41 cm) among hybrids. The highest root diameter of 5.33 cm was also recorded by Madhur and Ruby Queen (Tokita) (5.25 cm), Detroit Dark Red (5.16 cm) and Mahyco Lal ?? (5.15 cm) were statistically on par with it. The hybrid Red Star (Sakura) recorded the highest root diameter of 5.50 cm, which was on par with Ragini (5.32 cm). Madhur, among varieties and Red Star (Sakura), among hybrids recorded the highest root length (7.43 cm, 7.41 cm), root diameter (5.33 cm, 5.50 cm), root weight (118.05 g, 91.27 g), root: shoot ratio (4.42, 3.61) and yield per plot (5.68 kg, 4.27 kg), respectively. The varieties, Madhur, Tetra and Ruby Queen (Tokita) were early with a crop duration of 96 days, while the hybrids, Red Star (Sakura), Red Horse and RK 777 were early with a crop duration of 98 days. Madhur and Red Star (Sakura) were adjudged as the best performing variety and hybrid respectively, suitable for growing under humid tropical conditions.
Hypothesis on the Etheric Spatial Structure of Electrons Exhibiting Wave-Particle Duality
Full text linkBased on previous research, this paper proposes are volutionary hypothesis about the essence of electrons. The study first draws on the innovative description of the wave-particle duality of photons in "Hypothesis on the Spatial Motion Mode of Photons", combines the theoretical derivation of the possibility of the existence of ether space in "Several Conjectures on the Existence of Ether", and the breakthrough idea of the electron structure model, and creatively puts forward the "Hypothesis on the Ether Space Structure of Electrons". This hypothesis challenges the traditional view in theories that regards electrons as point particles, and argues that electrons are essentially entities with a wave-particle dualitye ther space structure. This study systematically elaborates on the uniquee ther vortex structure and quantum dynamic behavior of electrons,
constructs a brand-new theoretical framework to explain the wave-particle duality of electrons, and provides new understanding the theoretical principles of basic particles such as electrons. This theoretical innovation not only helps to deepen the understanding of the essence of electrons, but may also open up newr esearch paths for unifying quantum mechanics and classical physics.
3 General Concerns and 12 Problems in Einstein\u27s Paper and Book on Special Relativity
Full text linkThe theory of relativity has been at the pinnacle of human scientific thought for 120 years. However, whether it should continue to lead is a question for us. Voices questioning the theory of relativity have been continuing, but since they are mostly from a mathematical or experimental point of view, they have not yielded convincing results. We have pioneered a new way of analyzing mathematical models from the perspective of reviewing the rationality of physical models, thus we have seen many problems with relativistic models from different perspectives, which we have grouped into three general concerns and 12 obvious or easy to prove problems. Through these intuitive discussions, we believe that the theory of relativity should no longer lead the scientific and technological thinking of mankind. This article focuses on special relativity. We will continue to discuss general relativity in future articles
Qualitative Assessment of Ground Water using the Water Quality Index of Pulivendula Urban, Y.S.R. Kadapa Dist., A. P. India
Full text linkOur earth about 71% percent is covered with water. Out of 71% of water, only 3.5% of water is fresh water and the remaining is saline water. Among the fresh water, only 1.2% of fresh water is under usage. Remaining fresh water is in the forms of glaciers & ice caps. Water is a natural resource. It exists in both the forms of surface water & ground water.
In our daily life water plays a vital role, as we are using it for drinking, domestic, agriculture, industry etc. Water quality is one of the most severe concerns around the globe. It is a major factor affecting the human health as well as ecological systems. The drinking water should be free from harmful chemicals and micro-organisms. The quality of drinking water and for various purposes is defined by different quality parameters.
In this study, to assess the quality of water in pulivendula urban, Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh (AP), the water samples are collected, tested and analysed for different quality parameters viz pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Hardness (TH), Cl-, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Alkalinity & Fluorides in our laboratory of department of chemistry, JNTUACE Pulivendula.
Then the results of each sample�s quality parameters are analysed, and compared with standard values as per BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) and Water Quality Index standards regarding drinking. Finally, these results and comparisons are reported
Contemporary Migration Policies in Chile: The Voices of Public Officials, International Agents and Migrant Collective Representatives
Full text linkIn recent decades, South American migration within and towards Latin America has grown substantially. In Chile, per official data 1,625,074 foreign nationals were residing in the country in 2023, almost equally divided between genders and mainly located in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile, with Venezuelans predominating among those who had arrived in the previous 5 years. The present study consists of a qualitative analysis of policy narratives based on ten face-to face in-depth interviews to migration-related policymakers, representatives of international organizations and migrant collectivity spokesmen in Chile. It aims at analysing their understandings of the progress of present migration policies and associated state capacities. Three main framings are identified. The first could be defined as technocratic, centered on producing evidence and implementing the objectives of general or specific policies. The second takes into account migrants� subjective experience and shows social awareness of their suffering and of the concrete problems they face daily. The last emphasises the contemporary humanitarian crisis migrants are experiencing and the discriminatory reactions towards them expressed by sectors of the host population and some state officials. It proposes solutions that entail a radical change in the approach towards national security within public policies and state actions. These visions do not necessarily exclude each other; they are sometimes interconnected and complementary.
Between Yesterday and Today: Education for Young People, Adults and the Elderly, A Story in A Distant Construction Process
Full text linkThe present study aimed to provide a concise historical overview of the establishment of Education for Youth, Adults, and the Elderly in Brazil, culminating in its consolidation as a distinct modality of education through Article 37 of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB) No. 9,394/1996, emphasizing the contributions of civil society and social movements. Numerous social movements played a pivotal role in weaving and embodying the foundation of Education for Youth, Adults, and the Elderly (EJA) in Brazil, stimulating the creation and/or strengthening of what is today a recognized educational modality. Between the 1950s and 1960s, popular movements, labor unions, and civil society organizations intensified demands for the right to education for youth and adults, particularly workers who had been excluded from the regular education system. These mobilizations served as a catalyst for incorporating EJA into the public agenda, influencing the 1988 Constitution and, subsequently, the 1996 Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB), which established EJA as a constitutional right. However, despite these numerous efforts and initiatives, they have proven insufficient to eradicate illiteracy in Brazil. As of 2024, over 11 million individuals aged 15 and older remain unable to read, write, or even sign their names, underscoring the need for increased efforts and investments in public policies. These efforts face significant challenges under a state increasingly shaped by neoliberal and privatizing ideologies, which render the consolidation of such policies and the shift from an assistentialist approach to one focused on awareness and critical thinking increasingly arduous. The methodology employed was based on bibliographic research with descriptive characteristics, drawing on a variety of literature sources, including books, scientific articles, laws, online journals, and academic websites addressing topics pertinent to the theme. Materials published over the past 145 years (from 1879 to 2024) were utilized to construct the historical narrative of Education for Youth, Adults, and the Elderly in Brazil
Harmonizing Emotion and Reason: A Comparative Study of Ethical Cultivation in Ancient Greek and Confucian Thought
Full text linkThis study explores the dynamic interplay between emotions and reason in the ethical cultivation frameworks of Ancient Greek and Confucian (Chinese) philosophies. The primary objective is to examine how these two philosophical systems conceptualize emotions and reason, their methods of emotional regulation, and the broader implications for personal development, governance, and social harmony. Additionally, this research addresses the gap in understanding these traditions\u27 contributions to contemporary discussions on emotional intelligence, leadership, and moral development. The study employs a comparative analysis of primary texts from Confucianism and Greek philosophy, including works by Confucius, Mencius, Plato, and Aristotle. Key concepts such as ren (?, benevolence), li (?, ritual propriety), phronesis (prudence or practical wisdom), and the golden mean (??, zh?ng y?ng) are examined in depth. Confucianism encourages cultivating emotions through social rituals and virtues, focusing on relational harmony. Meanwhile, Greek philosophy stresses the individual�s need for self-regulation of emotions through reason, striving for eudaimonia (????, human flourishing). The findings reveal that Confucianism emphasizes relational emotional regulation, while Greek philosophy prioritizes self-control. This comparative analysis provides valuable insights into modern leadership practices and emotional intelligence, demonstrating the enduring influence of these philosophical teachings