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Management and Leadership Concepts: Which Interactions?
No full textThis research, purely theoretical, highlights in a synthetic way the evolution of the most salient approaches of the concept of management from its genesis to its modern conception, through a numerous kind of schools, including the classical one centered on the administrative and scientific organization of work and the human relations one, whose ideology reacts against the excesses of the technical and scientific approach aiming to improve the work of employees and the satisfaction of their needs. Moreover, the comparison of the evolution of the management along with the leadership concept has revealed that the use and the perception of these two concepts have evolved according to the geo-economics and technological contexts that have marked the history of commercial and industrial relations, particularly within developed countries such as United States, Japan, France and UK. On one hand, some authors think that management and leadership are similar while others state that they are completely opposite on the other hand. Meanwhile, other writers argue that these notions are indeed two different courses of action, but complementary and cannot be isolated because of the dynamic aspect of today�s organizations and their managerial implications
Cost Management as A Strategy for Competitiveness in Private Higher Education Institutions in Cabinda
Full text linkThis dissertation, which addresses Cost Management as a Strategy for the Competitiveness of Private Higher Education Institutions (PHEIs) in Cabinda, aims to demonstrate its importance as a strategic tool for enhancing competitiveness. The study seeks to understand how efficient cost management practices promote the rational use of resources and improve institutional performance, considering that PHEIs in Cabinda face a high dependency on student tuition fees and a predominantly fixed cost structure, which limits the precision of expense allocation. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, focusing on the Instituto Superior Polit�cnico de Cabinda (ISPCAB), with a descriptive and explanatory nature, based on the hypothetical-deductive method. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and document analysis, involving financial, administrative, and operational managers, as well as internal ISPCAB documents. Findings revealed that the implementation of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) system enabled a more effective allocation of costs by activity and subsequently by academic program, ensuring greater cost traceability to support decision-making. Cost management showed a direct positive impact on the institution�s operational efficiency and financial sustainability. The main hypothesis was validated, confirming that effective cost management enhances competitiveness by optimizing resource use and improving profitability. A balanced relationship was identified between operational costs and revenues (17.5%), as well as positive profitability across the programs analyzed, with particular emphasis on the International Relations course, which recorded the highest profit margin (85.61%). Additionally, the application of internal benchmarking, based on the ABC methodology, proved to be a valuable complementary strategic tool by enabling the identification of internal best practices and significant performance disparities among academic programs. It is concluded that cost management, particularly through the ABC system, is crucial for the efficiency, sustainability, and competitive advantage of private higher education institutions in Cabinda, as it empowers more coherent and proactive decision-making at ISPCAB
Glaucoma Secondary to Uveitis Due to Posner Schlossman Syndrome
Full text linkConsidering the clinical relevance of secondary glaucoma due to uveitis in posner-schlossman� syndrome (PSS), this study aims to evaluate the natural history of this condition in a patient. To� that end, we present the case of a 41-year-old man who experienced hyperemia, mild eye� discomfort and decrease in visual acuity in the left eye. The initial ophthalmological examination� revealed an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 30 mmhg in the left eye and 19 mmhg in the right, with� gonioscopy showing an open angle and trabecular pigmentation. The patient was treated with� topical corticosteroids, resulting in normalization of IOP. During follow-up, the patient experienced� recurrent episodes of anterior uveitis with IOP ranging from 22 mmhg to 28 mmhg until april 2024.� OCT examinations showed thinning of the nerve fiber layer, while visual fields remained normal.� Thus, it is observed that early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the effective management of� secondary glaucoma due to uveitis, contributing to the preservation of visual function. It is� concluded that rapid intervention with topical corticosteroids is essential to prevent glaucomatous� neuropathy secondary to uveitis and to maintain the patient\u27s ocular health.
Invasive Meningioma of the Infratemporal Fossa. Case Report and Review of the Literature
Full text linkIntroduction: Meningiomas are common tumors of the central nervous system, originating from the meningotheleal cells of the arachnoid. Most meningiomas are benign and develop within the skull; some may extend extracranially, an unusual behavior that poses challenges in both diagnosis and treatment.
Case report: We present the case of a 51-year-old woman with a meningioma in the right temporal and zygomatic region, which was initially asymptomatic. Imaging studies revealed an invasive lesion to the bone and soft tissues of the temporal region, including the orbit and infratemporal fossa. The patient underwent a two-stage surgery, achieving a subtotal resection of the tumor, which was reported as fibrous meningioma.
Discussion: Although extracranial meningiomas are rare, they can arise as an extracranial extension of intracranial tumors or occur primarily outside the central nervous system (CNS). This poses a considerable diagnostic challenge due to its atypical location and lack of initial neurological symptoms, which may delay its detection. Meningiomas with extracranial and transosseous extension have a higher risk of surgical complications, and complex surgical approaches, such as orbitozygomatic craniotomies and multistage resections, have been shown to be necessary to achieve adequate resection and reduce recurrences.
Conclusion: Surgical resection of these tumors is challenging due to their extent, underscoring the importance of a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach
Long-Term Anamnesis of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease. Does it Predict the Results of Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy?
Full text linkIntroduction: Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PEA) is the main method of treatment for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The residual pulmonary hypertension (PH) after CTEPH surgical treatment is a risk factor with increasing of hospital mortality.
Objective: To analyze and evaluate the results of PEA in patients with different persistent time of medical history as a possible prognostic factor of residual PH and outcome.
Methods: Retrospective and prospective analysis of the PEA results in 87 patients operated on from April 2012 to February 2022 was conducted. The patients were divided into 3 groups. The 1st group - 45 patients with a medical history from 3 months to 1 year, the 2nd - 20 patients from 1 year to 3 years and the 3rd - 22 patients with long-term history more than 3 years.
Results: The average age of the patients was 48.7 � 13.5 years, including 56.7 % males and 43.3 % females. Due to New York Heart Association (NYHA), 7 (8.0%) patients preoperatively belonged to class II, 60 (69.0%) to class III and 20 (23.0%) to class IV. Postoperatively the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP mmHg) and� pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR dyn�s�cm??) significantly decreased in all groups (mPAP :1st group from 45�13 to 23�6, 2 nd � from 49�14 to 25�6 and 3 rd � from 58�12 to 31�7; PVR: 1st group from 797�262 to 290�135, 2 nd � from 925�383 to 376�159 and 3 rd � from 1248�332 to 505�189). Hospital mortality after PEA was 0 in patients with medical history less than 1 year, 5% from 1 to 3 years and 31% in patients with long- term anamnesis.
Conclusions: PEA is an effective surgery with mPAP and PVR decreasing in the early postoperative period. However, long-term medical history and PVR >1000 dyn�s�cm?? are very important risk factors with increasing of hospital mortality
Developing RNase P Ribozymes for Therapy of Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Full text linkRNase P ribozymes, derived from the M1 RNA of Escherichiacoli, have shown great promise as a novel nucleic acid-based gene interference approach to modulate gene expression. When the M1 RNA component of RNase P is covalently linked with a guide sequence (GS), it can be engineered into a sequence-specific endonuclease M1GS ribozyme. As the GS base-pairs with target mRNAs, it forms a structure that mimics a pre-tRNA-like substrate, allowing for M1 RNA�s structure-based recognition mechanism. These M1GS constructs function catalytically and irreversibly, capable of cleaving target mRNA substrates without relying on host proteins. M1GS activity enhancement has been achieved through an in vitro selection process that introduced mutations in the catalytic core of M1 RNA. This process generated ribozyme variants with greatly improved cleavage efficiency and substrate affinity. M1GS ribozymes have been successful in inhibiting herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) by targeting genes critical for viral infection. HSV-1 is the causative agent of cold sores and may lead to severe morbidity and mortality in neonates and immunocompromised individuals. HSV-1 establishes lifelong latent infection, and novel anti-HSV-1 strategies are needed to block and eliminate viral latency and reactivation. Using HSV-1 infection as an example, this review will summarize the function of RNase P and its catalytic RNA, the enhancement and engineering of M1GS ribozymes, and their potential as a gene-targeting agent for therapeutic applications against HSV-1
Neurological Manifestation of Chikungunya Virus and its Implication in the Pathogenesis of Guillain-Barr頓yndrome: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Mechanistic Evidence
Full text linkChikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has been linked to severe neurological outcomes, notably Guillain-Barr� Syndrome (GBS). This systematic review highlights clinical and mechanistic evidence associating CHIKV with autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathies. Findings reveal the virus�s neurotropism and support its role as a triggering factor for GBS. Despite methodological heterogeneity among studies, the evidence underscores important implications for diagnosis, clinical surveillance, and patient management. Deeper understanding of this relationship is essential to improve preventive and therapeutic health strategies.
 
Dialectical Tensions between Consciousness and the Psyche: Contributions from Phenomenology and Existential Psychoanalysis
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to point out the contributions of phenomenology and existential psychoanalysis to the development of an in-depth analysis of psychic dynamics and their relationship with consciousness. In this sense, we will use a classic case from the literature contained in Studies on Hysteria by Sigmund Freud in collaboration with Josef Breuer, the case of Anna O. The return to a classic clinical case has allowed us to rework the relationship between consciousness and the psychic in the light of developments made by phenomenology and existential psychoanalysis. Freud\u27s discoveries, in collaboration with Josef Breuer in the historical context of the 19th century, enabled important advances to be made with regard to psychic dynamism as a qualitatively distinct phenomenon from neurological determinations. Freud thus paved the way for research and clinical intervention in a utterly new sense, linked from then on to the historicity of the subject. Re-analyzing the findings of Anna O.\u27s clinical case in the light of phenomenology and existential psychoanalysis has allowed us to grasp the dialectical tensions between consciousness and the psychic, which we believe were underdeveloped by Freudianism, and in this way, to recover the important theoretical status of consciousness in the constitution and transformation of the psychic, as well as to postulate a new way of defining the psyche based on the notion of exis psychic. Our aim is, therefore, to develop a dialectical understanding between consciousness and the psychic that recovers the essential role of the contingency of consciousness in the constitution of the psychic, as well as to apprehend in a new way the conditioning role of the psyche and its symptoms in the face of lived experiences
Graphics of Silence: Transactional Printed Materials Offered by People with Hearing Disabilities in Public Spaces in the Capital of Chile
Full text linkThis article explores an area of graphic design and social design that highlights graphic pieces in public settings, circulating in spaces of social exclusion to generate an exchange between a disabled person and a bystander, due to the economic scarcity of the communicators in a situation of poverty. A preliminary has enabled the creation of a corpus of visual materials, mainly printed, ranging from handwritten or �scribbled� notes, to printed materials for soliciting alms due to economic hardship and the specific issue of deafness. They are conveyed through popular sign and printed symbol systems that accompany this type of visual language. To address these practices, we use a qualitative methodology, while acknowledging the need for critical discussion about the extent to which methodologies are appropriate or even possible in such fragile contexts of care. We emphasize a form of visual testimony that this research defines as �graphics of silence,� based on material evidence emerging from precarious conditions. This reflection and proposal aim to document a circuit of graphics that emerge from a subaltern position, motivated by the need for donations within a transactional exchange. These materials lie beyond the usual territories of academic and professional design and are thus considered as legitimate objects of study from a situated perspective
Criticism of Brazilian Academic Capitalism and the Commodification of Knowledge Raw Materials
Full text linkThe present research seeks to analyze the logic of Brazilian academic capitalism that conditions a process of commodifying the production of knowledge, as well as prioritizing the offer of training courses for liberal professionals. This process is characterized as raw material knowledge contributing to the creation of a type of World Class University. Concerning the methodological procedures of the research, it was decided to develop a bibliographical and documental research based on the critical-dialectical epistemology. Content analysis was used in the treatment of data. Thus, the text is systematized in three parts: it analyzes the concept of crisis and how the capitalist economy was permeated by tensions throughout the year