Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science
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Optimization of red yeast rice fermentation for enhanced Monacolin K accumulation and assessment of α-amylase inhibitory activity for antihyperglycemic potential
Get PDFMonascus sp. can break down starch-based substrates into bioactive metabolites with antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity effects. Combining Monacolin K (MK) and other compounds produced by Red Yeast Rice products reduces inflammation and insulin resistance, thereby minimizing the adverse effects of Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) on pancreatic function, which is associated with various chronic diseases, including diabetes and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the optimal fermentation conditions for Monascus purpureus to produce RYR with high red pigment intensity, Monacolin K, and low citrinin content, and to assess the inhibition of α-amylase activity. The study applied Response Surface Methodology with a Box-Behnken design to optimize fermentation parameters. The experimental matrix was generated by JMP software, allowing systematic analysis of variable interactions and identification of optimal conditions. The LC-MS/MS method was used to analyze the citrinin and Monacolin K content.
Additionally, the α-amylase inhibitory activity of the extract was evaluated. The optimal fermentation conditions for the rice substrate are a temperature of 24°C, with a fungal biomass inoculum size of 8% and an incubation period of 12 days. Triplicate analyses showed that the concentration of Monacolin K was 288.44 ± 3.88ppm without citrinin. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the RYR extract varied with concentration, which ranged from 5.39% to 79.44%. The IC₅₀ value was calculated to be 119.36 μg/mL. These results are essential for evaluating RYR extract α-amylase inhibitory capacity and suggest that it can be used to lower cholesterol and support the prevention of diseases related to obesity
Influence of high-strength geotextiles on load distribution in pile systems embedded in soft soil
No full textThe application of small cross-sectional concrete piles for ground improvement in soft soil areas—particularly in warehouses and factory buildings—has long been applied in construction practice in Vietnam. The effectiveness of this technique is significantly enhanced by the inclusion of high-strength geotextiles positioned atop the pile heads, facilitating improved load transfer and stress distribution. Despite its practical advantages, a comprehensive understanding of the working mechanism, load-transfer behavior, and optimal design of this combined system remains limited in the current literature. This paper presents a detailed analysis based on existing analytical formulas and employs the finite element method for validation. The relationships between applied load and variables such as cushion thickness, pile spacing, and pile cap dimensions will be investigated to provide a foundation for similar future applications
Adaptability culture fosters SMEs’ climate change proactive adaptation in Vietnam
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the influence of Adaptability Culture (AC) on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) among Vietnamese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Further, this study examines the mediating role of Awareness of climate change Adaptation (AWA) in this relationship. Employing the Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change (MPPACC), this study examines the climate change adaptation measures adopted by Vietnamese SMEs. Utilizing a survey approach, data from 314 SMEs in Vietnam were analyzed via the SEM linear structural model, employing SmartPLS4 software. The findings reveal a significantly positive impact of adaptability culture on SMEs’ climate change adaptation activities. The study underscores the importance of adaptability culture in fostering proactive responses to climate change among SMEs in Vietnam. The study also highlights the magnitude of enhancing an adaptability culture within SMEs to magnify their resilience to climate change. Managers and policymakers are able to leverage such findings to develop strategies that promote adaptability culture and climate change awareness among SMEs, thereby progressing their adaptive capacity
Oil, stock, and foreign exchange markets in ASEAN countries: Evidence in Covid-19 pandemic and Russia - Ukraine war
Get PDFThis study investigates the trilateral relationship among the stock, oil, and foreign exchange markets across nine ASEAN countries from January 2019 to February 2023. The sample is divided into three periods: before and after the announcement of Covid-19 and the period of the Russia - Ukraine war. The analysis is conducted through various techniques, including Granger causality testing, impulse response function, and forecast error variance decomposition. The results are consistent with various panel analysis techniques. The findings show the independence of these three variables before the pandemic and during the Russia - Ukraine war. Yet after the pandemic, shocks in oil and foreign exchange markets significantly cause stock market volatility. Additionally, oil price fluctuation appears to have a more profound impact on stock returns than changes in exchange rates. These results suggest diversification opportunities for investors to neighbouring areas beyond China, the study of oil price risk management before making investments in oil-related businesses, and the need for policymakers to monitor exchange rates to mitigate the effect on the stock market
Medical tourism experiences, perceived value and tourists’ happiness and word of mouth in Ho Chi Minh City: A qualitative exploration
Get PDFThis study addresses a growing need to understand how Medical Tourism Experiences (MTE) shape tourists’ Perceived Value (PV) and happiness, ultimately influencing Word-of-mouth (WoM) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The research identifies key factors influencing patient satisfaction and emotional well-being through in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 international medical tourists from 07 countries. The findings indicate that high-quality medical care, emotional support from healthcare providers, and integrating leisure activities are critical in enhancing PV and overall happiness. Participants reported that positive MTE improved their emotional well-being and encouraged them to share their experiences with others, fostering positive WoM. The study highlights important implications for stakeholders, including healthcare providers and tourism operators, emphasizing the need for high-quality service delivery, cultural competence, and strategic communication to enhance the MTE. Recommendations include training staff in cross-cultural patient care, improving customer service standards, and promoting local attractions to develop comprehensive medical tourism packages. Future research should focus on quantitative assessments to validate the identified relationships and examine the long-term impact of MTE on patient well-being and loyalty. This study contributes to the broader understanding of medical tourism dynamics and provides actionable insights for enhancing patient satisfaction and destination competitiveness in HCMC and beyond
The role of big data and blockchain in digital accounting: A bibliometric analysis
Get PDFThis study examines the evolving landscape of digital accounting through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 422 publications focusing on emerging technologies in accounting. Our analysis reveals three distinct yet interconnected research clusters: blockchain applications, big data analytics, and traditional accounting frameworks adapting to digital transformation. Publication trends indicate significant growth from 2019 onwards, with an acceleration from 2024, suggesting an increasing academic interest in this field. Citation analysis identifies influential contributions centered on the blockchain’s role in enhancing transparency, the impact of big data on decision-making processes, and the adaptation of traditional accounting paradigms to technological innovation. Geographically, the USA, England, and Italy emerge as leading contributors, with strong collaborative networks forming across Western and emerging economies. This study contributes to accounting literature by mapping the intellectual structure of digital accounting research, identifying influential works and emerging trends, and highlighting opportunities for future investigation into how emerging technologies continue to reshape accounting practices, principles, and professional roles
Determinants of employee retention in finance shared services
Get PDFEmployee retention remains a critical priority in Finance Shared Services (FSS), where operational efficiency and specialized human capital are essential to business continuity. This quantitative study examines the key determinants influencing employee retention within the FSS sector in the Philippines, an area that is vastly underrepresented in the empirical literature. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 100 purposively selected FSS employees. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were applied to evaluate perceptions across eight constructs: economies of scale, standardization, quality improvement, technology integration, compensation, performance appraisal, career development, and labor cost efficiency. Findings revealed high employee consensus on the value of operational and human resource enablers, with quality improvement (M = 4.40), technology integration (M = 4.22), and career growth (M = 4.00) emerging as the most influential factors. Among demographic variables, civil status showed a statistically significant relationship with retention perceptions, while age, gender, education, income, and tenure did not yield significant differences. Despite moderately favorable ratings, compensation and benefits were identified as the primary contributors to potential attrition, followed by unfulfilled personal goals and limited advancement opportunities. The study’s novelty lies in its integrative approach, combining process-driven and employee-centric constructs within a localized shared services context. It addresses a critical gap in regional retention literature and offers actionable insights for HR and organizational leaders. The findings advocate for a dual-focused retention strategy that balances operational optimization with the fulfillment of employee aspirations, positioning FSS organizations for long-term workforce sustainability
Việc dạy - học môn lịch sử trong chương trình giáo dục phổ thông mới - Một nghiên cứu bằng Netnography
Get PDFIn the general education curriculum introduced in 2018, History is one of the subjects that has attracted significant public attention and generated widespread discussion across both mass media and social networks. The 2025 National High School Graduation Examination will be the first to assess students who have followed this new curriculum. Therefore, studying the current state of History teaching and learning under the new program is essential to clarify the perspectives of various stakeholders, including teachers, students, and the communities, and to provide a base for improvements in textbooks, teaching methods, and teacher training policies, to enhance the quality of History education. To achieve this objective, the study employs the Netnography method, collecting and analyzing data from online communities that discuss the teaching and learning of History. Thematic analysis is used to identify key patterns and insights. A total of nine online communities (with 20 original posts and 1,139 comments) were selected, including groups of History teachers and forums dedicated to History education. The study identifies six major themes frequently discussed in relation to History teaching and learning: the context and importance of history, examinations, textbooks, curriculum, student reactions, and teaching methods.Trong chương trình giáo dục phổ thông mới (ban hành năm 2018), môn Lịch sử là một trong những môn học nhận được nhiều sự quan tâm và thảo luận trên các phương tiện truyền thông cũng như mạng xã hội. Kỳ thi tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông năm 2025 sẽ là kỳ thi đầu tiên áp dụng cho học sinh học theo chương trình này. Do đó, việc nghiên cứu thực trạng dạy và học môn Lịch sử trong chương trình mới sẽ giúp làm rõ góc nhìn của nhiều bên liên quan, bao gồm giáo viên, học sinh và cộng đồng; từ đó, đề xuất các cải tiến về nội dung sách giáo khoa, phương pháp giảng dạy, và chính sách đào tạo giáo viên nhằm nâng cao chất lượng dạy và học môn Lịch sử trong chương trình giáo dục phổ thông mới. Để đạt được mục tiêu này, nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp Netnography, thu thập và phân tích dữ liệu từ các cộng đồng trực tuyến thảo luận về việc dạy và học môn Lịch sử, sau đó, áp dụng phương pháp phân tích chủ đề (thematic analysis). Tổng cộng, 09 cộng đồng trực tuyến đã được lựa chọn để nghiên cứu, bao gồm các cộng đồng giáo viên dạy Lịch sử và các diễn đàn thảo luận về lịch sử và môn học này. Dữ liệu phân tích gồm 20 bài đăng và 1,139 bình luận. Kết quả nghiên cứu xác định 06 khía cạnh chính được thảo luận liên quan đến việc dạy và học môn Lịch sử, bao gồm: bối cảnh và tầm quan trọng của môn học, thi cử, sách giáo khoa, chương trình đào tạo, phản ứng của học sinh và phương pháp giảng dạy
Assessing farmers’ readiness for science and technology education: A baseline study in Andragogy
Get PDFAccess to advanced agricultural technologies remains a significant barrier for smallholder farmers, limiting productivity and sustainability in rural communities. This study assesses the readiness of farmers in Marupangdan and Astorga, Daram, Samar, to adopt precision farming through Andragogical Science and Technology Education programs. A descriptive-evaluative research design was used, collecting data from 41 farmers through structured interviews with a questionnaire translated into the local dialect for inclusivity. Descriptive statistics analyzed demographic profiles, adoption willingness, and insights into precision farming practices. The findings revealed that the average age of respondents was 51.12 years, with 78.05% having only elementary education. A significant modernization gap was observed, as none of the farmers utilized precision farming technology, despite 60.98% being familiar with the concept. Notably, 97.56% expressed interest in collaborative learning networks. Barriers to adoption included a lack of training, high costs, and limited technical support. Farmers prioritized increased crop yield (85.35%) over environmental benefits (2.44%), highlighting a knowledge gap regarding sustainability. This study recommends targeted interventions, including phased technology introduction, financial support mechanisms, and community-driven learning initiatives to facilitate technology adoption. Policymakers should consider integrating mobile-based advisory services, shared equipment programs, and government incentives to enhance accessibility. Future research should explore longitudinal studies on technology adoption and comparative studies in regions with successful andragogical education models. These insights contribute to developing adaptive, evidence-based strategies for rural agricultural transformation
A Study on the Perceived Effectiveness of YouTube in Listening Skills among English Majors at a Vietnamese Public University
No full textIn the world of digitalization, YouTube has become an exceptional channel for language learners, providing authentic audiovisual input to enhance listening skills and engagement. This study involves English-major students in a Vietnamese college, looking into students' attitudes toward YouTube and their usage of it in English listening-skill development. The research adopted a quantitative cross-sectional survey design and collected data through a structured questionnaire administered to 140 first- and second-year English majors at HUIT. The findings indicate that most students hold positive attitudes towards YouTube, viewing it as an entertaining, accessible, and effective platform for enhancing listening comprehension. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the frequency of YouTube usage and the perceived effectiveness of the platform among students. Moreover, students continued to access YouTube content outside class hours for entertainment and learning, with many expressing that they perceive improvements in other language skills besides listening. Underlying these discoveries is the potential of YouTube as a secondary language-learning tool, especially in encouraging learner autonomy and sustained engagement in listening in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. These findings highlight the possibility for YouTube to foster learner autonomy and sustained engagement in EFL listening and bring about practical challenges to those language teachers and curriculum developers integrating digital technologies into English teaching