Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science
Not a member yet
16613 research outputs found
Sort by
Forest Load Capacity and Carbon Emissions in the World's Largest Forest Nations: An EKC-Based Assessment for Sustainable Management
No full textThe 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize the crucial role of forests in regulating the global climate. This study investigates the relationship between the forest load capacity factor (F-LCF), which measures the biocapacity of a country's forests relative to human demand, alongside per capita income, urbanization, and CO2 emissions. A panel of the 10 largest forest nations from 1992 to 2021 is analyzed using a cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) model, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis (an inverted-U trajectory of environmental impacts as income grows) is tested by comparing short- and long-term income elasticities. The EKC pattern is confirmed for the whole sample and for Russia, Brazil, Canada, the United States, and Australia, but not for China, India, Indonesia, Peru, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The results show that higher F-LCF levels reduce CO2 emissions, while rising GDP and urbanization amplify them. These findings underscore the importance of sustainable forest management for achieving the climate target (SDG-13) and protecting terrestrial ecosystems (SDG-15) and call for tailored policies that reflect the forest dynamics of individual countries
Thất nghiệp, phát triển số và tăng trưởng kinh tế: Tác động đến việc làm dễ bị tổn thương
No full textThis study analyzes the impact of three macroeconomic factors - unemployment rate, GDP growth, and Internet usage - on vulnerable employment in Vietnam during the period 1996 - 2023 using the ARDL model. The results indicate that the unemployment rate has a negative effect in the short run but becomes positive in the long run, reflecting that unemployed workers may temporarily leave informal employment at first, but over time, livelihood pressures lead them back into precarious forms of work. GDP growth shows a positive effect in both the short and long run, suggesting that economic growth has not been accompanied by improvements in job quality and has mainly expanded informal employment. Meanwhile, Internet usage exhibits a negative effect only in the long run, implying that digitalization helps reduce employment vulnerability by expanding access to information and facilitating transitions toward more formal employment. The study contributes by identifying dynamic differences between traditional macroeconomic factors and technological factors, providing additional empirical evidence on the divergent effects of digitalization on labor market sustainability. It also offers policy implications for unemployment management, growth orientation, and the promotion of digital inclusion in Vietnam’s economy.Nghiên cứu phân tích tác động của ba yếu tố vĩ mô - tỷ lệ thất nghiệp, tăng trưởng GDP và mức độ sử dụng Internet - đến việc làm dễ bị tổn thương tại Việt Nam giai đoạn 1996 - 2023 bằng mô hình ARDL. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ thất nghiệp có tác động âm trong ngắn hạn nhưng chuyển sang dương trong dài hạn, phản ánh rằng lao động thất nghiệp có thể tạm thời rời khu vực phi chính thức lúc đầu, song về lâu dài áp lực mưu sinh khiến họ quay lại các hình thức lao động bấp bênh. Tăng trưởng GDP có tác động dương trong cả hai giai đoạn, cho thấy tăng trưởng chưa đi kèm cải thiện chất lượng việc làm mà chủ yếu mở rộng khu vực phi chính thức. Trong khi đó, mức độ sử dụng Internet chỉ thể hiện tác động dài hạn âm, hàm ý rằng số hóa góp phần giảm tính dễ bị tổn thương của việc làm thông qua việc mở rộng cơ hội kết nối và chuyển đổi sang lao động chính thức. Nghiên cứu đóng góp khác biệt động học giữa các yếu tố truyền thống và công nghệ; bổ sung thực nghiệm về tác động phân kỳ của số hóa đối với tính bền vững của thị trường lao động; gợi mở chính sách trong quản trị thất nghiệp, định hướng tăng trưởng và thúc đẩy bao trùm số cho nền kinh tế Việt Nam
Near Soft Sets Based Cryptosystem
No full textThanks to the cryptosystem, confidential information can be transmitted securely. When we perform this encryption using matrices obtained from near soft sets, we increase our security even more. Accordingly, the equivalence relation used in this set will change according to the characteristics of the set that are restricted and the resulting encrypted word will change accordingly
The relationship between functional level, cognitive status, sleep quality and quality of life in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: Functional deficits and loss of cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (PwAD) may affect activities of daily living (ADLs), sleep quality and quality of life (QoL). However, studies investigating the multiple relationship between cognitive status, functional level, ADL, sleep quality and health-related QoL in PwAD are limited. Objectives: This study was to investigate the multiple relationships among functional level, cognitive status, sleep quality, and QoL in PwAD. Methods: A total of 47 individuals diagnosed with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease were included. Cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Motor function was evaluated via the Rivermead Motor Assessment. ADLs were measured using the Modified Barthel Index and Katz ADL Scale. Sleepiness levels were determined using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and QoL was evaluated using the Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Quality of Life Scale. Results: The study demonstrated that as cognitive impairment progressed in PwAD, functional limitations in ADLs increased, while sleep quality significantly declined (r = −458, p < 0.05). Both cognitive decline and ADLs limitations were independently associated with reduced sleep quality, and this interplay may contribute to the deterioration of overall QoL (r = −0.475, p < 0.05). Furthermore, higher educational attainment was found to be protective against cognitive decline (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings reveal the importance of preserving cognitive and functional levels in PwAD, and suggest that sleep quality should be routinely evaluated in these patients
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefuroxime in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
No full textCefuroxime is a broad-spectrum antibiotic extensively utilized in humans and animals. Although it has been reported as beneficial against certain fish infections, pharmacokinetic studies are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime following intravascular (IV, n = 72), intraperitoneal (IP, n = 72), intramuscular (IM, n = 72), and oral (n = 72) administration of 20 mg/kg in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) maintained at 29 ± 1.5 °C. Two hundred and eighty-eight fish were equally distributed among four treatment groups: IV, IP, IM, and oral. Blood samples were obtained from 6 fish per group at 12 distinct time intervals over a duration of 96 h. Cefuroxime plasma concentrations were quantified with high-performance liquid chromatography and subsequently evaluated through non-compartmental analysis. Following IV injection, the t1/2ʎz was 8.04 h, the Vdss was 1.03 L/kg, and the ClT was 0.14 L/h/kg. The Cmax of cefuroxime was 53.38±4.28 µg/mL at 0.25 h for IP injection, 28.70±3.41 µg/mL at 0.5 h for IM injection, and 6.77±0.81 µg/mL at 1 h for oral administration. Bioavailability was 80.26% (IP), 69.05% (IM), and 24.35% (oral). This study found that a dosing interval of 24 h for IP and IM injection or 8 h for oral administration is efficient for treating bacteria with a MIC value of ≤ 1 µg/mL. The findings of this study indicate that IP and IM injections of cefuroxime are applicable in tilapia. However, since oral administration is important in aquaculture, studies are needed to develop new formulations with better absorption, to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in infected fish, and to determine the tissues residue depletion
The effects of digital games on pain, fear, anxiety, and physiological responses in children during port catheter needle insertion: A randomized controlled study
No full textPurpose This study examined the effect of playing a digital game during port catheter needle insertion on pain, fear, anxiety, and physiological responses in children aged 6–12 years undergoing chemotherapy. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 56 children in a pediatric hematology-oncology unit. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group, which played a digital game via an online platform during the procedure, or to the control group, which received standard care. Data were collected using the Demographic Form, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, Children's State Anxiety Scale, and Children's Fear Scale. Results Children in the experimental group reported lower pain and anxiety compared to controls, with mean post-procedure anxiety scores of 1.61 ± 0.737 versus 2.32 ± 1.634 (p = 0.049). Fear levels decreased significantly in both groups (p 0.05). Conclusions This study highlights the efficacy of digital games in reducing pain, fear, and anxiety in children with port needles, as well as in stabilizing heart rate. Consequently, it is recommended that digital games be incorporated into clinical practice as an effective distraction method for pediatric patients during invasive procedures. This study has significant implications for nursing practice, demonstrating that digital games are a cost-effective, accessible, and child-friendly non-pharmacological intervention. By reducing distress and enhancing coping, digital games can be integrated into routine nursing care to improve children's experiences and foster trust in clinical settings
AKSİYEL TUTULUMLU PSÖRİYATİK ARTRİT HASTALARINDA ATLANTOAKSİYEL İNSTABİLİTE SIKLIĞI VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER
No full textAmaç: Psöriyatik artrit (PsA), aksiyel iskeletietkileyebilen kronik inflamatuvar hastalıktır. Atlantoaksiyel instabilite(AAİ), tüm inflamatuvar artritlerde önemli komplikasyondur ancak PsAolgularında AAİ monitörizasyonu konusunda konsensus yoktur. Çalışmamızda,aksiyel PsA olgularında AAİ sıklığını ve ilişkili faktörleri saptayarak bukonuda yol gösterici bilgiler sunmayı amaçladık.Materyal-metod: ‘CASPAR’ kriteriyle PsA olaraksınıflandırılmış ve ‘Calin’ kriterine göre aksiyel tutulumlu olarak değerlendirilmişerişkin PsA olguları tek merkezden çalışmaya alındı. Omurgayı etkileyebileninflamatuvar veya non-inflamatuvar hastalığı olanlar çalışmadan dışlandı.Elektronik hasta dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Lateral nötral/tamekstansiyon/tam fleksiyon ve ağız açık anteroposterior filmler AAİ lezyonlarınıdeğerlendirmek amacıyla hastalara kör üç romatolog tarafından okundu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya ortalama yaşı 48,8 yıl ve ortalamaPsA süresi 7,4 yıl olan ve %57’si kadın toplam 100 hasta alındı. Hastaların%18’inde toplam 20 adet AAİ lezyonu saptandı; subaksiyel subluksasyon(SAS) sekiz,anterior atlantoaksiyel subluksasyon (AAS) yedi, posterior AAS üç, lateral AASbir ve vertikal subluksasyon(VS) bir olguda saptandı. Atlantoaksiyelinstabiliteye sahip grupta psöriyasis(Ps) varlığı (p = 0, 037), skalp psöriyasisi(p < 0,001), Ps ve PsA için hedefe yönelik tedavi kullanımı(p < 0,001, p < 0,001) AAİ-negatif gruba göreanlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Hedefe yönelik tedavi kullanan Ps ve PsA olgularıindirekt olarak konvansiyonel tedavilere dirençli ve yüksek hastalık aktiviteliolguları yansıtmalarından dolayı bu PsA olgularının AAİ açısından monitörizeedilmesi akılcı bir yaklaşım olabilir. Konuyu daha iyi aydınlatabilmek içinsensitif görüntüleme metodlarıyla yapılacak prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaçvardır.</p
