Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science
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Comparative analysis of machine learning models for smart irrigation systems
Full text linkIntelligent irrigation systems play a crucial role in addressing the global issues of water scarcity, climate variability, and sustainable agricultural production. These systems can help identify the efficient time and the exact quantity of irrigation through the use of data-driven ideas, which ensures maximum crop yield with minimal use of water. This paper provides a thorough comparative analysis of the four most commonly used Machine Learning (ML) models: Support Vector Machines (SVM), Gradient Boosting (GB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LR), to predict the need of irrigation based on critical environmental and agronomic variables. The dataset features include soil moisture, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and crop types, among other features, obtained using sensor networks installed on farmland. We trained and tested each model before comparing its performance using standard evaluation metrics, which include accuracy, precision, recall, F1 Score, and the Area Under the Curve. These findings indicate that GB and KNN models performed better than SVM and LR. For instance, GB and KNN achieved precisions of 95.6% and 92.4%, respectively, compared to SVM and LR, which achieved precisions of 86.2% and 72.8%, respectively. In both accuracy and generalization, the GB model performs overall best. This study contributes a fair investigation of the suitability of well-known ML models in irrigation forecasting for smart farming in the south-western region of Nigeria. This study makes use of a region-specific dataset that is gathered by sensor networks, involving 100,000 records in two farming seasons
Đề Xuất Mô Hình Đại Học Trung Hòa Carbon Tại Việt Nam
No full textTÓM TẮT
Nghiên cứu này đề xuất mô hình đại học trung hòa carbon tại Việt Nam, lấy Đại học Kinh tế TP. Hồ Chí Minh (UEH) làm nghiên cứu điển hình. Bằng cách áp dụng các tiêu chuẩn quốc tế (GHG Protocol) và mô hình đầu vào - đầu ra, nghiên cứu đã kiểm kê lượng phát thải khí nhà kính từ hoạt động vận hành của UEH theo cả ba phạm vi phát thải: Phạm vi 1, 2 và 3. Quan trọng hơn, nghiên cứu cung cấp góc nhìn quản lý sâu sắc cho lĩnh vực quản lý giáo dục, thông qua việc phân loại nguồn phát thải theo nhóm đối tượng (sinh viên, giảng viên, quản lý, nhà cung cấp) và đề xuất các giải pháp phù hợp về mặt tổ chức, thể chế và hành vi. Từ chính sách mua sắm xanh, xây dựng hạ tầng thông minh đến lồng ghép nội dung phát triển bền vững vào chương trình đào tạo, nghiên cứu đã đặt nền móng cho việc tích hợp trung hòa carbon vào hệ thống quản trị đại học. Đây là cơ sở khoa học và thực tiễn để các trường đại học tại Việt Nam từng bước chuyển mình thành tổ chức giáo dục có trách nhiệm với môi trường, đồng thời đóng góp vào các mục tiêu phát triển bền vững quốc gia và toàn cầu.
ABTRACT
This study aims to develop a carbon-neutral university model in Vietnam, using the University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City (UEH) as a pioneering case. By adopting international standards from the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) and applying the input-output model, the study quantifies emissions from UEH’s operations across three scopes, including energy consumption, transportation, and waste management. Beyond technical calculations, the study highlights critical insights for educational management—mapping emission sources by stakeholder group (students, faculty, administrators, and suppliers) and recommending practical, governance-level strategies. These include green procurement policies, smart infrastructure, and integration of sustainability into curricula and institutional planning. The research establishes a foundational framework for universities to embed carbon neutrality into governance and operations, supporting national climate goals and transforming higher education into a driver of environmental leadership and policy innovation
Cebuano-Visayan influence in English Language acquisition: Turning challenges into opportunities
Full text linkLearning a new language is a challenging journey filled with obstacles, but these difficulties can transform into powerful tools, turning you into a highly effective and fluent communicator. In lieu of proposing a learning packet to make this possible, this research investigated the Cebuano-Visayan linguistic interference on the students’ school publication corpora at one of the secondary schools in the Division of Danao City, Academic Year 2023 - 2024. Qualitative content analysis was utilized in this research, which involved comparing the primary language, Cebuano-Visayan, and the second language, English, and analyzing the linguistic interference of the primary language on the 28 written outputs of students. Based on the findings, there is Cebuano-Visayan linguistic interference in the outputs of students in subject-verb agreement, verb tenses, and the use of prepositions, pronouns, and articles. This can be seen through the errors in their sentences. Thus, it is recommended to utilize the learning packet crafted through this study to acknowledge, address, and utilize these linguistic interferences to produce more accurate and coherent English writing, ultimately facilitating clearer communication and academic success
Empirical evidence on the practice of latitude of discretion in personnel selection: Basis for an informed intervention
Full text linkThis study addresses the notable gap in understanding the application of latitude of discretion in personnel selection. It then adds value to the practice and existing literature in public personnel administration by presenting empirical data on how the latitude of discretion was applied and justified. The qualitative exploratory case study design was adopted due to the limited research on the topic. This study was conducted in a government agency in Baguio City, Philippines. Participants were chosen through purposive sampling using the following criteria: they must be directly involved in the agency’s recruitment process and willing to participate in the study. Document analysis and member checks were also employed to add weight to the accuracy and validity of the findings. Data were treated using the thematic analysis. The findings reveal that despite a rigorous recruitment process comprising vacancy postings, initial screenings, aptitude tests, and panel interviews, most hires were from rank 5 rather than higher-ranked applicants.
Additionally, the study highlights that subjective criteria such as “attitude” and “work experience” affected the hiring decisions of the appointing officers. The research contributes to the broader discussion on integrating discretion with merit-based criteria in personnel selection. It provides empirical evidence on the application of discretion, emphasizing the importance of developing detailed guidelines to ensure hiring practices are fair and aligned with organizational goals. This insight is crucial for improving recruitment processes’ transparency and accountability, aligning with Weber’s Bureaucratic Theory and Administrative Control Theory
The lived experiences of education graduates in non-aligned career paths in Ubay, Bohol
Full text linkThis qualitative study employs a phenomenological research design to explore the motivations and factors influencing education graduates to pursue non-aligned careers outside the teaching profession, emphasizing their lived experiences. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content and thematic analysis. Conducted in selected areas of Ubay, Bohol, the study involved eight education graduates who either applied for teaching positions through DepEd or immediately sought employment in non-teaching fields. From their responses, three major themes emerged: (1) Limited opportunities in the teaching path, (2) Need an income to sustain, and (3) Avoid unemployment gap. The findings indicate that graduates face systemic barriers such as a scarcity of teaching positions and lengthy hiring processes, which limit their ability to secure aligned employment. Coupled with pressing financial responsibilities, these graduates often take non-aligned jobs to earn a stable income and avoid gaps in employment. Although many remain passionate about teaching, economic necessity and job market realities compel them to seek alternative career paths. This situation reflects the broader problem of job-skills mismatch, which not only affects individual career satisfaction but also results in the underutilization of trained educators, potentially impacting the quality of education delivery and workforce sustainability. Addressing these challenges is crucial for ensuring that education graduates can contribute effectively to the teaching profession and for meeting broader goals related to quality education and decent work. The policymakers may consider creating a policy that would give opportunities for education graduates to practice their profession with a desirable salary rate
Community and police perceptions of the effectiveness of the Police Community Affairs and Development Services (PCADS) in strengthening community policing and public safety in Cotabato Province
No full textThe Police Community Affairs and Development Services (PCADS) play a crucial role in fostering police-community relations and promoting public safety, yet systematic evaluations remain limited. This study assessed the involvement, participation, and perceived effectiveness of PCADS in the Second District of Cotabato Province, Philippines. A survey of 189 civilians and 109 police officers was conducted using a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that while both groups generally viewed PCADS positively, significant perceptual gaps emerged regarding community policing, peacekeeping operations, and information campaigns. Common concerns included limited police visibility, delayed emergency response, and issues of misconduct and transparency. The findings highlight the importance of visible and participatory policing for building trust and enhancing community safety. Recommendations include strengthening inter-agency coordination, logistical support, and participatory policing strategies to improve program effectiveness
Dividend payout: Unveiling the power of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments
Full text linkThis paper explores the link between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors and dividend policy across various regions and economic contexts. Using an international sample from developed and emerging markets for 2015 - 2021, we utilize a panel data estimation methodology with multi-way fixed effects, including time, industry, and country. We also employ Difference-in-Differences (DID) and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) methodologies. Our study finds a positive link between ESG and dividend payout ratios for firms in both developed and emerging markets, indicating the global influence of ESG. This suggests that firms investing more in ESG activities tend to pay higher dividends to shareholders. Even during the Covid-19 pandemic, our research confirms that the positive association between ESG and dividend payout ratios persists. However, it is somewhat weaker than before, highlighting the continued relevance of ESG during times of crisis. Robustness checks provide strong support for these findings
Transformational leadership and knowledge-sharing intention among sales employees in Vietnamese enterprises
Full text linkThis study investigates the impact of transformational leadership and affective commitment on the knowledge-sharing intention among sales employees in enterprises in Hanoi. Using online structured questionnaires, data was gathered from 318 voluntary respondents employed as salespersons or in sales departments in enterprises based in Hanoi, Vietnam. The collected data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the support of Smart PLS 4 to assess the measurement and structural model and examine the proposed hypotheses. The research findings revealed positive associations between transformational leadership, affective commitment, and employees’ willingness to share knowledge. In particular, transformational leadership explained 56% and 40.5% of the variance in affective commitment and knowledge-sharing intention, respectively. Furthermore, the study emphasized the mediating role of affective commitment in the favorable effects of transformational leadership on employees’ knowledge-sharing intention. The research findings offer practical recommendations for corporate leaders and managers to adopt the transformational leadership style and promote affective commitment among employees to foster knowledge sharing among colleagues
The impact of employees’ resistance to change on organizational performance in Vietnam listed companies: Moderating roles of organizational culture and innovation capability
Full text linkThe paper aimed to identify the impact of employees’ resistance to change on organizational performance in Vietnam-listed companies, with the moderating variables: organizational culture and innovation capability. The framework developed was tested on 230 senior managers of Vietnam Listed Companies using surveys, specifically listed on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange. The data was analyzed through Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS software. The results indicated that employees’ resistance to change impacts significantly on organizational performance, in addition to organizational culture and innovation capability having significant moderating roles between employees’ resistance to change and organizational performance. Moreover, factors including transformational leadership, transparent communication, and perceived support are key drivers of organizational performance and have a significantly negative impact on employees’ resistance to change. Finally, theoretical and practical implications for Vietnam-listed companies to control employees’ resistance to change and improve performance are discussed
The impact of consumption values on the intention to purchase organic food: The moderating role of trust
Full text linkThis study aims to identify and estimate the factors influencing the intention to purchase organic food and evaluate the moderating impact of trust on the relationship between consumption values and purchase intention. The analysis results from 252 consumers through the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach indicate that functional value is the strongest driver of purchase intention, followed by other components of consumption values, including epistemic value, emotional value, social value, and conditional value. The study also reveals that trust moderates the relationship between functional value and the intention to purchase organic food. Several recommendations for organic food suppliers are also presented at the end of this paper