Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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AN ASSESSMENT OF THE LINKS BE1WEEN LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP AND AREA CULTIVATED
Get PDFIn this endeavour an attempt was to see if there is some kind of relationship between the number of cattle owned snd area cultivated,ii.sales of cattle due to drought vis-a-vis area cultivated prior to the drought
Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Children Aged 6 Months to 17 Years with Disabilities in Gulele Sub-city, Addis Ababa
Get PDFMalnutrition and disability are interconnected especially in countries suffering from high levels of malnutrition including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the nutritional status and its associated factors among children with disabilities aged six months to seventeen years old, in Gulele Sub-city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study used cross-sectional study design. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were taken. Based on the individual dietary diversity score, 165 children (60.7%) with disability consumed ≥ 6 food groups. MUAC and BMI measurements also indicate 55.1% and 58.1%, respectively, had normal nutritional status. However, the remaining proportion of children with disability were found to have moderate and severe acute malnutrition. 35.3% children with disability were not feed properly due to poor appetite, restlessness, pharyngeal artesia, and preference of food items. More than average number of children with disability had normal nutritional status while, the rest had moderate and severe acute malnutrition. This was associated with difficulty of feeding, types of disability such as multiple disability, occupation of the household head, family size and income level. It is recommended that counselling regarding the needs of the children with disability for mothers/ caregivers should be established as disability specific service points
Multi-Level Analysis of Actors’ Interaction in Maize Innovation System in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Get PDFAgriculture is a crucial aspect of Ethiopia's economy, and innovations in the field, especially those related to maize production, are vital for improving smallholder farmers’ food security. This study examined actors and their interactions at different levels of aggregation in improved maize varieties. To achieve this objective, perspectives on sustainability transition have been integrated into the innovation system, social network perspectives, and a multi‐level power framework. Approximately 49 actor organizations were selected at niche, regime and landscape levels through purposive sampling using the snowball technique. Focus group discussions (FGD) with farmers and key informant interviews with selected organizations were used to collect data. The social network analysis approach was employed to analyze actors’ interactions and their influences on the generation, dissemination and utilization of improved maize varieties. The findings reveals that agricultural extension service providers and government seed enterprises such as the Regional Bureau of Agriculture and Amhara Seed Enterprise, a regime level actor that influence the generation, dissemination and utilization of improved maize varieties. Given the priority that the Ethiopian government has placed on achieving food security by strengthening private sectors in the promotion of improved maize varieties, the findings of this study may suggest the need to involve/engage private actors at regime level to foster interaction among governmental and non-governmental actors for a sustainable supply of quality improved maize varieties
Rural Governance in Urban Space: A History of the City Management of Addis Ababa (1991- 2005)
Get PDFUrban management in its modern form has been introduced very recently in Ethiopian history. The earliest urban centers in the country were managed as garrisons and market centers. This paper is an attempt to analyze the historical experiences of the Ethiopian government in managing Addis Ababa during its early decade to the national election of 2005. For this purpose, the primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews as the major historical sources. Different documents were also consulted for the analysis. The sources indicate that the managements of the city during those decades were not successful and were characterized by failure to recognize that, “cities are engines of development”, “rural biased” government policies, lack of expertise and experiences in urbanism, and labelling some Ethiopian towns as “colonial”
Spatial and Multilevel Analysis on the Determinants of Gender-Based Violence Against Women in Ethiopia
Get PDFViolence against women and girls is a global human rights violation and a substantial development challenge. It affects women in the world and crosses cultural and economic boundaries. This research was designed to explore the distribution and variation of gender-based violence against women aged between 15 to 49 years and to identify the associated determinant factors using the evidence from the 2016 EDHS. In this study, a sample of 5860 women of reproductive age (15-49) years were selected using a two-stage stratified random sampling. The multilevel random coefficient model has a best-fitted model and estimates the variation of women’s violence across the regions and zones of Ethiopia. Further, Spatial analysis was performed to analyze the spatial distribution of women’s violence across the regions and zones of Ethiopia. Accordingly, At the national level, 23% of women have experienced physical violence, 19% have experienced emotional violence, and 10% have experienced sexual violence. The multilevel random coefficient model identified that there is significant evidence of variation among regions and zone clusters in Ethiopia. Similarly, spatial analysis indicated that the pattern of spatial distribution of women was randomly clustered at regional and zonal levels in Ethiopia. In general, the study indicated that women’s violence is still a public health problem in Ethiopia. Thus, the government should ensure the legal framework and policies including enforcement of legal punishment for the perpetrators of gender-based violence against women
The Cooperative Training Delusion in Ethiopia College-Industry Partnership Discrepancy in the TVET System of the Regional State of Amhara
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the practices of and the challenges faced by cooperative training in the public TVET system of the Regional State of Amhara. The study delivered on the basic issues focusing on the extent of industry commitment for cooperative training, duty accomplishment by the TVET sector and the major challenges on cooperative training in the study area. Quantitative data was collected from 361 teachers and 361 students in six TVET colleges through stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Eight teachers and nine students selected through purposive sampling were also involved in independently conducted focus group interview (FGI). Finally, data analysis using t-test coupled with effect size test in triangulation with qualitative data revealed that the involvement of enterprises in cooperative training was almost nil. The introduction of cooperative training without taking the existing contexts into consideration, reluctance of stakeholders to accomplish their duties and absence of binding legal framework and viable reward and compensation mechanisms impeded the effectiveness of cooperative training. Consequently, it is plausible to conclude that cooperative training is not only a futile and null report exercise but also a hardly executable strategy in the context of the study area. If credible outcomes are sought, it is essential to formulate and properly employ viable reward and motivation systems backed by binding legal framework to propel the interests of enterprise
Educators' Views about the Use and Protection of Natural Resources in Ethiopia: The Case of Teachers and School Administrators
No full textResource degradation is an insidious problem threateninglife of millions in Ethiopia. It has been underlined time and agam thateducation would be one of the main contributors to the campaign againstthe problem of resource degradation in the country. This study was basedon the premise that the contribution education could make to the campaigndepends, among others, on the view educators have about resource useand protection. A questionnaire was thus administered to investigate viewsheld by teachers and school administrators on the issue. Analysis of theresults indicates that educators duly appreciate the value of naturalresources and the seriousness of the probien of resource degradation inEthiopia. They have also appreciated the need to consider the interests ofthe future generation in general. With regard to Ethiopia, however, as manyas half of the respondents agree to the statement that 'one should beworried more about satisfying the needs of the present generation thantalking about preservation of resources'. Views different from those ofexperts (conservationists) have been expressed In other areas of resourceuse and management as well. A recommendation is made to Involveeducators in debates and discussions underlying the benefits of careful useand management of natural resource
Effects of Students ' Academic Competence, Self.Oetermination, and Motivation On School Performance In Tana Haiq Sec. School
No full textThe · major concern of this study was to examine how faracademic competence, self·detennination and motivation predictedstudents' school performance. A total of 271 subjects, (128 males and 143females) were involved in the study. A questionnaire was used to gatherdata about academic competence, self·detennination and motivation ofstudents. Students' perfonnance records in English, Math, GeograpllY andBio/ogy were used to collect the data. Multiple regression, correlation and ttestwere used for analyses. Results obtained through multiple regressionand beta weights displayed that both academic motivation and competencehad statistically significant direct effects on perfonnance (13=0.244 and13=0.159 respectively). Academic self-determination Ilad strong direct effecton motivation (p=0. 384) but it had negative effect on perfom18nce ((3=-0.129). Corre/ational analyses portrayed that except self-detem1inatiol1, bothacademic competence and motivation indicated significant association will1performance. The t-test revealed that !flere existed significant averageperformance difference in favor of males (t =-2.194 a::= 0.03, df = 269). Themajor differences were observed in Math and' Biology. Boys petfom1edbetter than girls in Math and Biology but there was no statistical differenceobserved in English and Geography. Finally, it was concluded that selfdetenninedstudents and students who lacked academic competence andmotivation would score fow in schoof performance
Pre-service Teachers' Perception towards Professional Courses and The Efficacy of Subject Methodology Courses in Developing Pedagogical Content Knowledge
No full textOne hundred eight (76 novice student teachers and 32 studentswith teaching experience) students' perception toward the clarity, relevance,enjoyment, and workload of professional courses, and the adequacy of sevendepartments' subject methodology courses in developing pedagogical contentknowledge were examined through questionnaire, inte/view and documentanalysis, percentage, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, t-test, Tukeyhonestly significant difference. (HSD), One-way repeated measure ANOVAand qualitative analysis were used to analyze data. Results revealed thatstudents' overall perception toward professional courses was neutral. Butstatistically significant difference was observed in students' rating of the fourdimensions. Students opted for the clarity and low pressure (workload) ofprofessional courses while they remained neutral about relevance andenjoyment. Yet, when students' perception of relevance was compared withenjoyment, a statistically significant difference was observed in favor ofrelevance. Students with teaching expen'ence rated higlJer than students without ·teaching experience on the clarity and relevance of professional coursesthough the difference in the latter was not statistically significant. Studentsobservation of what instructors in the faculty were (Ioing and t/1e roleprofessional courses had in the curriculum of teacher education were found tobe major reference points for students in explaming their perception ofprofessional courses relevance and enjoyment ratller than tl1e inherentcharacteristics of these courses. The development of pedagogical contentknowledge looked to suffer heavily, except Amharic and English depat1ments,as the contents of subject methodology courses unnecessarily emphasizedgeneral professional knowledge with little or non-inclusion of pedagogicalcontent knowledge. One obvious distinguishing factor between Amharic andEnglish departments and the remaining departments was the kind of training ofinstructors
Practical Activity in Ethiopian SE!condary Physical Sciences: Implications for Policy and Practace of the Match between the Intended and Implemented Curri,culum, Samuel A. Bekalo and A.G. Welford (2000), The Ethiopian Journal of Education, XX, 2, pp. 91 -
No full textSekalo and Welford (2000) analyzed the old Ethiopian Physics andChemistry curriculum materials and their implementations in 1995,although they claimed - perhaps unknowingly - that their paper-describes the present Ethiopian secondary physical sciencecurriculum through its publ ished materials .. ." (p. 94). The paper wasoriginally published in Research Papers In Education, 15, 2, andreprinted in the EJE by -request Clf Samuel Bakalo, one of theauthors" (p. 91 ). Whether the paper deserves reprinting would bejudged by the readers of the article ancl this review