Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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Know Thy Self: Viability of Early Childhood Education Delivery through Traditional Priest Schools
No full textThis paper examined the viability of revitalizing priest school education to contribute for creating children’s school readiness particularly for low income families. Intellectual analysis of a philosophical research type was conducted to reflect on related experiences, findings, views, attitudes, and data. It was hypothesized that priest schools retain objectives, approaches, and methods that would enable creating school readiness. Its outcomes were also hypothesized to be much wider than building mere basic literacy skills as it was commonly held. The analysis conducted unveiled that expansion of modern preschools has marginalized priest schools along with its inherent treasures. Government instruments (ECCE Policy, curriculum, standards, and guides) were believed to play a major role in this marginalization process as they have entirely excluded any mention about these community-based schools. Research reports that indirectly address priest school education underscored its inappropriateness as well as negative attitudes from community members. There are, in fact, some limited ECCE personnel and researchers who have been in favor of the use of priest schools in ECCE delivery. This study assumed that the objections to the use of priest schools were based on a wrong implicit assumption that early years education should be of the “standard ECCE type” (obviously of a Western origin). Lack of knowledge about and familiarity with the real nature of these schools were also believed to preempt uncritical and negative views about them. However, the analysis has made it clear that, above and beyond their being cost-effective and culturally rooted, these schools retain objectives, follow approaches and methods, and create profiles that would make transitioning to and learning in formal education successful. How these schools are to be revitalized was also highlighted
A COMPARATIVE S11JDYOFlWO SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHrnNGAPPROACHES: THE LANGUAGE ACQUISmON AND THE CONSCIOUS RULE-LEARNING APPROACHES
No full textDOES STUDENTS' CLASS ACTIVITY INDICATE THEIR ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT?
No full textA study was undertaken on se lectedsections of the Tana Haik ComprehensiveSecondary School during the firstsemester of the 1980 (E. C.) academicyear to determine the re lations hip thatmay exist between students 1 class activityand the their academic achievementin mathematics. Students' semesterresults were compared withtheir class activity. In aU studysections~ no association existed inthe proportion of passes (those scoringfifty percent and above) betweenthe active and passive students. Therewas no significant mean score differencebetween the activ'e and the passivein grades nine and eleven. Asignificant mean score differ~nce betweenthe two groups was however observedin grade ' ten. An analysis ofthe sex distribution revealed no as-.sociatfon between class activity andsex in aU the study sections exceptin grade ten
EVALUATION OF PUBLIC BUS STOPS LOCATION AND SPACING (THE CASE OF SELECTED ROUTES OF ANBESSA CITY BUS SERVICE ENTERPRISE)
Get PDFCurrently, the primary challenges in Addis Ababa include traffic accidents, comfort issues,travel delays, and productivity problems for travelers. To address these issues, it is recommended to enhance public services by incorporating suitable geometric features,particularly for bus stops. This study focused on evaluating existing bus stop locations andspacing and put remedial measure for any existing drawbacks on public transport Roadnetworks particular on Anbessa City Bus Service Enterprise (ACBSE) routes. Observation, field measurement, GPS method tracking location of bus stops and GIS method produced point mapping were the methodologies used for the study. Travel speed, bus stop location, its configuration and service coverage radius data were acquired. The maximum travel speed that was determined during the study period was 26km/hr. Based on the analysis result, 29% of Mid-Block pullout bus stops should be changed to mid-block curb-side and mid-block bus bulb bus stops on street having vehicle parking. Generally, 8% of bus stop locations needs future modification. From the research finding, the final bus stops location and spacing depend on the combined effect of location with respect to the nearestintersection, travel speed, service coverage radius, topographical limitation, safety issuesand passenger loading of the surrounding area
CALIBRATING RASPBERRY PI V2.1 CAMERA AS AN ABSOLUTE LUMINANCE METER FOR SMART LUMINAIRE SYSTEM SENSING APPLICATIONS
Get PDFThis article presents the conception and realization of a self-contained, absolute luminance level measurement device using a Raspberry Pi v2.1 camera system and single-board pocket size Raspberry Pi computer for a smart luminaire system sensing applications. The work presents Raspberry Pi v2.1 camera module footage in raw Bayer data formats, radiometric characterizations, raw Red, Green, Blue (RGB) to absolute luminance meter calibration and validation results. The developed absolute luminance meter is very simple, efficient, compact and suitable for absolute luminance level sensing measurement. Results obtained from the luminance meter calibration validation experiments showed that the proposed absolute luminance meter has the capability of measuring wide range of absolute luminance levels quickly with an average deviation of less than 2 cd/m2 from actual measurements or with 97.48% accurac
Expansion of COVID-19 RT-PCR Diagnostic Laboratories in Private Healthcare Settings through Public-Private Partnership Approaches in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textAbstractBackground: The World Health Organization recommended that expanding COVID-19 laboratory testing is one of the disease mitigation mechanisms. In Ethiopia, even though here are few advanced diagnostic laboratories, most of the COVID-19 RT-PCR based diagnostic laboratory service was provided by public laboratories. This situation creates a major gap in the availability of COVID-19 laboratory testing for the wide public majority, and one of the main challenges in the control and prevention of the disease.Objective: to assess the existing potentials for the expansion of COVID-19 RT-PCR based diagnostic services in private advanced medical laboratories through public-private partnership approaches in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2020, among eight private advanced laboratories in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire and on-site observation were made to assess their experiences on molecular laboratory based diagnostic services, perceived challenges, and their readiness to deliver RT-PCR based COVID-19 laboratory services on the level of trained laboratory personnel and molecular laboratory setups. Besides, discussion with government officials on the feasibility of COVID-19 RT-PCR diagnostic services through public-private partnership was made. The collected data were entered and analysed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. The study was approved by the institutional review board of the College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, and Ethiopian Public Health Institute.Results: Among eight advanced private laboratories, five of the laboratories had previous experience in molecular laboratory testing which includes viral load testing for HIV/AIDS (5/8,). Regarding COVID-19 service readiness, one laboratory had excellent grades towards starting COVID-19 testing; four private laboratories graded as very good and had great interest to provide COVID-19 testing with very minimal support and arrangement with government body. Cost of molecular tests (6/8,), lack of reliable suppliers (6/8,), lack of technical advisors (5/8,) and policy related issues (4/8) were the major perceived challenges to arrange molecular laboratory testing. Currently Five out of eight , private laboratories are providing RT-PCR based COVID-19 testing services to the public.Conclusion: In the COVID-19 pandemic era, there is high possibility of expanding COVID-19 diagnostics services in private diagnostic laboratories through mutual benefit and public centred discussion between private laboratories and government bodies through public-private partnership in Ethiopia. This kind of partnership could be a lesson to be considered for any future possible outbreaks, happen to act both public and private Laboratories synergistically. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2022; 36(1)]Keywords: RT-PCR, COVID19, Public-Private Partnership, Ethiopia
Application of risk management for nursing patients with hematologic malignancies
No full textAbstractBackground: Minimal data is available for the critical care of the hematological malignant patients. In this study quality of care was compared for the hematological and the solid tumor patients. The malignant patients are more prone to death due to decreased nursing care. They require more careful treatment than any other disease.Methods: Patients with cancer during September 2019 and February 2021, who had undergone critical care were included in this study. Data was obtained from the hospitals databases.Results: Out of the 814 patients, only 114 patients were included in this study. 30-day life hematological malignant patients are 55% as compared to other cancer types which amount to 2.8% P value is 0.03, a similar observation has been found in the admission at the hospital (78.9%) as compared to the other patients 46.9% p value less than 0.001, less than 2 days of hospitalization is 24% in the case of the malignant cancers as compared to the other patients (P value less than 0.001). The aggressive care composite score is higher among the malignant patients relatively as compared to other patients. In the multivariate analysis it has been found that malignancy is associated with aggressive life care (P<0.001).Conclusion: It has been concluded that malignant cancer patients have received more care as compared to other patients at the hospital. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2022; 36(3) 00-00]Keywords: Palliative care; Intensive care unit; Hematological malignant cancer; solid tumour; Chemotherap
Contributing Factors to Student-Teachers Retention in Postgraduate Diploma in Secondary School Teaching Program (PGDTP) in Eastern Ethiopia
No full textAbstract: This study is aimed at assessing the contributing factors to student-teacher retention in postgraduate diploma in secondary school teaching programs (PGDTP) in eastern Ethiopia. A correlational research design was employed through stratified random sampling techniques (n=381) to collect pertinent information through a questionnaire. Firstly, the benefit, respect from students, student behaviour, support from administrators, and school safety were the first five most contributing factors to student-teacher retention in the teaching profession. Secondly, the relationship between student-teacher school performance and administrative support indicated a significant moderate positive relationship. Thirdly, there was a highly positive relationship between school-related contributing factors and student-teacher retention in the teaching profession. Finally, there was a significantly high negative relationship between job-related and contributing factors to student-teacher retention in the teaching profession. To conclude, the ultimate objective of any organization in general and educational institutions, in particular, is not only to recruit well-qualified and appropriate personnel but also to retain and enable them to develop their skills in their institutions
Relationship among Autonomy, Quitting Intentions, Job Burnout and Performance of High School Teachers
No full textThis research investigated the structural relationship of emotion related variables of teachers’ performance, burnout, autonomy and quitting intentions, under the title of Roles of Autonomy and Quitting Intentions on Effect of Burnout on High school teachers Performance. It intended to develop a comprehensive understanding model. A random sample 361 out of 1945 target population determined by single population proportion formula with 95% CI was taken from 10 weredas of Central Zone in Tigray; that is, all the 23 schools. Responses were quantitatively analyzed based on the statistical assumptions. EFA (explorative factors analysis) identified four components in six constructs that explained 60.4% of the total variance taking Eigen values > 1 cutoff point and tolerable communality, KMO and anti-image correlations. In SEM, both measurement and structural modeling fit indices > .90; and ≤ .051 for RMSEA were used to assess fitness predictability and testability of parameters and model respectively. Results of SEM indicated that burnout and quitting intention negatively predicts teaching performance. It’s also indicated that these variables have indirect effect on performance and mediate the effect of burnout. Autonomy and quitting intention perfectly mediated the relationship between burnout and performance. Burnout badly initiates quitting intentions. It is concluded that work related emotions highly impact teachers’ performance appraisal. Therefore it is recommended that the education sector should review secondary schools’ performance appraisal system in terms of content, process and procedure of teaching performance appraisal. Besides, training must be given to evaluators on how to avoid errors and some biases in their evaluation
