Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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Mine to Win, 2016, by Hiwot Taffera
No full textA theoretical discussion of literature, popular memory, and history enables us to argue that novels are valid historical sources, pertinent to their role in shaping popular memory and imagination. The employment of memory and imagination is the work of both historians and novelists. Bearing in mind the role of literary texts in the “deployment of popular memory to recompose past events,” the historian uses novels for their role in crafting collective popular imagination rather than for their accurate historical information. Although not accurate, the novel can provide an insight into the social and cultural aspects of human life. Literary works are not a reliable source of information about past events. However, art forms such as the novel take a historical theme to construct their imaginative story. By refocusing the debate on history in literature from the accuracy of information to the role of literature informing national imagination and popular memory, novels can be sites for shaping popular perception and exploring historical themes. Similarly, the novel Mine to Win imaginatively reconstructs a periodized past of the 1850s-1870s, revolving around student life, scholarly traditions of that epoch, and the everyday lives of the community.
 
Effect of Items Position Change on Students’ Achievement in the Ethiopian University Entrance Examinations (EUEEs)
No full textTo combat exam malpractice in crowded examination rooms, the Ethiopian University Entrance Examinations have been administered in four coded booklets of different reshuffling of item orders. However, research has revealed that systematic item position changes have significant effects in achievement scores. The main purpose of this study was to find out if random item order reshuffling would also have mean achievement score differences depending on which of the exam booklets test-takers were tested with. To address this purpose, the Entrance Examination 5 subjects (English, Mathematics, and 3-sciences) for 6-years for 21 sample public schools (11,376 grade 12 students) was received from National Education Assessment and Examinations Agency. In addition to the usual descriptive statistics, the data was analyzed with Spearman’s rank-order correlation to determine if the item distributions in the four booklets of the same exam significantly differ with each other. Besides, one-way ANOVA was used to determine if there are statistically significant differences in students’ achievement mean scores by booklets. The Spearman’s rank-order analysis shows weak to moderate item position order differences among booklets. In contrast to this, statistically significant mean achievement differences were found in 66.67% of the exams, which put at a serious disadvantage up to 16.64% of test-takers due to which exam booklets they were tested with. Hence, it was recommended that all stakeholders: test developers, exam booklet developers, result publishers and decision makers be aware of the unfairness of the current practice with item reordering and therefore take appropriate compensatory measures
Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability of Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks: A Panel Data Analysis (2005-2020)
No full textNowadays, a lot of banks publish statistics on their CSR expenditures, indicating that they have included the discretionary type of CSR into their business operations. Still, a lot of them haven't figured out how this will affect their revenues. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether or not CSR spending affects banks' profitability by examining the link between CSR expenditure and the profitability level of Nigerian listed banks. Based on secondary data analysis from fifteen listed banks' annual reports for the years 2005 through 2020, the study was conducted. Out of the thirty-three licensed deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria as at 2020, all fifteen listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. This study used panel data regression analysis to investigate the impact of CSR spending on the profitability of deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The period of study covered 2005 to 2020, providing insights into the effectiveness of CSR initiatives on financial outcomes. The results show a significant correlation between the tested banks' profitability and their spending on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Specifically, each unit increase in CSR spending was accompanied by slightly above a percent rise in the banks' profit after taxes. The study comes to the conclusion that CSR spending has a major role in understanding why banks' profitability levels vary. Therefore, it is advised that banks strategically allocate the CSR funds they spend in order to boost their long-term profitability for survival and, as a result, optimize the advantages for sustainable development in society
Effective Cultism Management Techniques as Perceived by Staff and Students in Higher Education, A Case of Study of Federal College of Education (Technlcal) Gombe Nigeria
No full textThe Link between N.ational Education and Training to Economic Performance Is It all too Obvious to be Taken for Granted
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Attempts at Educational Reform in Ethiopia: A Top-Down or a Bottom-Up Reform? Seyoum Tefera, Ethiopian Journal of Education, Vol. 16, No.1, 1996, pp. 1-37 Reviewed by The Ministry of Education
No full textThe major purpose of this Paper is to further depict and convey the right picture and message of the new and operational "Education and Training Policy" to general readers. This Paper also attempts, through all possible means, to respond to some of the not well-~hought-out statements reflected on the ETHIOPIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (December, 1996) under the title "Attempts at Educational Reform in Ethiopia: A Top-down or a Bottom-up Reform?" authored by Dr. Seyoum Tefera, an Associate Professor, at the Department of Educational Administration, Addis Ababa University. This Paper shall not, under any circumstances, attempt to foolhardly engage in re-incriminations. It reflects on the existing educational reality. On the basis of the evolutionary. development of the Ethiopian educational · system, the Paper also attempts to historically trace the tortuous path that the Ethiopian education system has traversed through in the da~k past. Finally, in drawing a conclusion, the Paper views the steps taken by the Ministry of Education of the FDRE to bring about a bottom-up democratic education reform,' as opposed to top-down
Trainee Evaluations on Major Area Course Offerings
No full textThis study was undertaken to find out whether or not thediploma trainees of the Department of English of the Kotebe College ofTeacher Education (KCTE) attach varying value judgments to the major areacourses that their department offers them. Trainees who joined the departmentin the first semester of 199~/94 were asked to evaluate the courses that theytook over the following four semesters on three counts - Level of Difficulty,Relevance of Teaching English in Schools, and Level of Interest. They werealso requested to indicate the grades' they expected to score in their courseseach semester. The results show (1) the trainees attached significantlydiffering value judgments to the courses on all the three counts, (2) for elevenof the fourteen courses a significant correlation was observed between gradesexpected and grades obtained, and (3) each of these was found to havesignificant relation with the level of difficulty ratings
Aligning Academic Writing Practices with Learners’ Needs through Content-based Instruction
No full textThe last four decades have witnessed considerable scholarly efforts devoted to formulating instructional techniques that help to equip learners with academic language skills. As part of these effort, this study investigated the combined role of content-based instruction (CBI) and the socialization model of genre theory in aligning writing practice to the academic needs of Computer Engineering students drawn from a population of second-year university students. The study employed a quasi-experimental design and quantitative tools of data collection and analysis. The results of the study showed that this pedagogical approach is far better than the conventional approaches to target and develop writing skills relevant to the learning needs of students in their academic disciplines. Also, the operationalization of the investigation process has important pedagogical implications in (1) revealing the social foundation of acquiring discursive academic writing, and (2) the distributed role of actors in developing such skills