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Variations of air parameters during the COVID-19 Omicron variant lockdown in Surabaya
No full textThe Omicron variant of COVID-19, a genetic mutation of the Delta variant, is marked by higher infection rates and linked to increased air pollution. This study investigates CO, NO2, SO2, O3, PM2.5, and PM10 air quality variations in Surabaya from November 27, 2021, to May 7, 2022, during the Omicron outbreak. Methods used include Hotspot Clustering, Mean Center (MC), Directional Distribution (Standard Deviational Ellipse), and Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I). CO, NO2, SO2, O3, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations were determined using the Sentinel-5P satellite with Google Earth Engine. The Omicron variant’s Weighted Mean Center (WMC) was found at coordinates 696250.219731 and 9192998.5921 m in Semolowaru village. A decrease in pollutants was observed during the peak infestation from January 29, 2022, to February 26, 2022, with reductions of 11.381 μmol/m2 and -23.195 μmol/m2, indicating low mobility in residential and workplace categories. Average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations during the study were 0.084 g/m3 and 0.043 g/m3, respectively. The correlation between COVID-19 spread and pollutant concentrations showed a moderate to weak relationship, with an R2 value of ≤ 0.5
Henrik Ibsen and the Paradoxical Drama of Modernity
No full textThis article focuses on the relationship between character and plot construction in Ibsen\u27s plays and the historical background in which they are grounded. The main assumption is that Ibsen\u27s dramas stage the modern experience in terms of a conflict between utopian impulses towards individual freedom and social justice and the constraints which shape their materialization in the guise of effective, rational, liberal policies. In what follows it will be argued that the force of Ibsen\u27s dramatic art lies partly in his ability to portray the individuals\u27 ways of dealing with the social and cultural challenges as well as with the ambivalence, uncertainties and contradictions of what Ulrich Beck has called "the first modernity.
Feminist Theater on Romanian Stages. Tools for Reimagining Twenty-First-Century Theater
No full textReimagining theater for the twenty-first-century emancipated spectator is not an easy task for theater makers of the post-global society. The growing diversity and the eclecticism of the audiences ask for a constant change of approach, and for a meaningful research aimed at discovering new sources of creativity in the repository of everyday common experiences. I argue in this article thatapplying a gender conscious approach and using performance elements in theater are two ways to stimulate creativity and re-imagine classical plays for the twentyfirst-century spectator. In an extremely patriarchal society like Romanian society, where a barely incipient feminist debate is already replaced by the "girl power" post-feminist discourse, this is not easy to achieve. In this article I choseto use as a point of reference a project which I curated – Hedda\u27s Sisters. Empowering Women Artists in Romania and Eastern Europe, supported by Ibsen Scholarships and developed in 2015 in three public theaters in Bucharest, Romania
ACOUSTIC CORRELATES OF EMPHASIS AMONG JORDANIAN ARABIC-SPEAKING CHILDREN
No full textThis study explores segmental emphasis in Ajlouni Jordanian Arabic. It addresses the lack of research on children’s production of emphatic segments. Twenty schoolchildren read 48 minimal pairs thrice, with 96 tokens analyzed per child. The study used F1, F2, and F3 at vowel onset, middle, and offset, confirming that emphasis is marked by higher F1 and lower F2. Emphasis interacts with target consonant position (PTC), vowel quality, and length. Emphasis is influenced by the segment\u27s proximity to vowels. Emphasis affects the low vowel /a/ with significant F2 lowering; back vowels show less F2 lowering. Short vowels exhibit more pronounced emphasis than long ones, visible in F1 and F2 changes. Other interactions support these findings: front vowels have more effect on F2 onset, and short vowels consistently have a greater F2 effect at offset than long vowels, particularly for PTC by vowel length interaction, highlighting greater acoustic prominence for short vowels
CONDIȚIA FEMEII ÎN LITERATURA RUSĂ A ANILOR 1860. ABORDĂRI ALE SITUAȚIEI FEMEII ÎN ROMANELE ÎN AJUN DE TURGHENIEV ȘI CE I DE FĂCUT DE CERNÎȘEVSKI? WOMEN’S STATUS IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE 1860’S. DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO WOMEN’S PLIGHT IN WHAT IS TO BE DONE? AND ON THE EVE
No full text. The present paper aims to analyze how Russian literature addresses the issue of women\u27s status in society, particularly in the 1860s, a decade that marks a break with the literary tradition of the era. The works analyzed here are On the Eve by I. S. Turgenev and What Is to Be Done? by N. G. Chernyshevsky, both of which address the situation of women in Russian society, paving the way for new interpretations of the “women’s plight”. The way in which the two novels address women’s issues contrasts sharply with the literary tradition that predates them, as they give female characters a complexity previously unseen in literature. The two female characters analyzed here are Elena Nikolaevna Stakhova, the protagonist of the novel On the Eve, and Vera Pavlovna, the protagonist of the novel What Is to Be Done? There are similarities in the way these characters are constructed, both possessing a conviction and strength that sets them apart from the female characters that precede them, but also numerous differences that stem from the ideological divergences between the two authors. They represent different models of women\u27s liberation, paving the way for feminist literature in Russia
POEZIA GROAZEI (FRANCISCO DE GOYA CA GRAVOR, 1746-1828) DE KONSTANTIN BALMONT
No full textS-a vorbit demult și în chip frumos despre armonia sferelor. Minunate trebuie să fie aceste imnuri ale corpurilor cerești, cuprinse într-o mișcare uniformă și armonioasă. Din vremuri străvechi și nu de puține ori, conștiința omenească, primind în sine frumusețea universului, a ajuns să creeze. Poezia, muzica și întreaga comunitate a artelor, precum și conștiința religioasă capabilă de intuiții pătrunzătoare și de a stabili legături între „eul” omenesc și marele adevăr al Nepătrunsului, toate acestea sunt animate de frumusețea armoniei și, făcând parte din proporția ideală a lumii, sunt încadrate în regularitatea modelelor ce alcătuiesc o singură țesătură
ON THE DIACHRONY OF ARTICLE DROP IN ROMANIAN
No full textRomanian has a peculiar rule which prohibits the overt realization of definiteness marking in DPs consisting only of D0 and N0 in the complement position of most prepositions, called “article drop”. We investigate this phenomenon from a diachronic and comparative point of view. Similar phenomena are found in Albanian, Macedonian and some Rhaeto-Romance varieties, but in these varieties the rule is more limited in scope (it is restricted to locative PPs, and also to certain nouns in Rhaeto-Romance). Article drop is a common Romanian phenomenon, being found in the South-Danubian Romanian dialects as well as since the oldest attestations of Romanian. In the other Balkan languages, it may be a structural borrowing from Aromanian (Prendergast 2017). In Romanian, the prepositions exempt from article drop are those that never had locative uses or had predominant non-locative uses, which indicates an origin in locative PPs. Moreover, person-referring nouns are sometimes exempt from article drop, to a larger extent in Old Romanian and Aromanian than in Modern Romanian (where only name-like definites are exempt from the rule). We propose that article drop emerged from the reanalysis of a semantically-conditioned phenomenon into a syntactically-conditioned rule. We identify the origin of article drop in an oscillation between definite marking and zero marking in ‘weak definites’ (in the sense of Carlson & Sussman 2005; cf. Engl. at school, in jail). Weak definites often occur in locative PPs, tend to disallow modification and are usually inanimate. These properties correspond to the conditions of application of the article drop rule, as evinced by our diachronic and diatopic survey
MOTIVUL CRIMEI ,,FĂRĂ PEDEAPSĂ" ÎN OPERA LUI A.S. PUȘKIN
No full textThe present work investigates the motif of the crime “that goes unpunished” in the work of Alexander Pushkin, emphasizing the moral and psychological dimension of the crime, in the socio-cultural context of Russian literature. We aim to analyze the complexity of the criminal act and its consequences beyond the (essentially non-existent) legal dimension, emphasizing the idea that a universally true punishment manifests itself through inner suffering and moral decline.
We argue that, in Pushkin’s oeuvre, crime does not necessarily attract a legal or social sanction, but generates a deeper punishment, of a moral nature, which derives from the feeling of self-condamnation and the impossibility of reconciliation with oneself. This approach reflects an existential and tragic vision of the human condition, in which moral turmoil becomes the supreme court
The potential geographic accessibility of hospital services in Cluj County
No full textAccessibility to medical services is an essential element for a higher quality of life. In a geographical sense, accessibility relies on location and distance. In the case of health geography, it is concerned with the location of health services and how they serve thehealth needs of the population. The present study tries to measure the potential access to hospital services for the population of Cluj County, using time and distance records provided by Google Maps API. For the most accurate measurement, two scenarios were considered. Both scenarios take place in heavy traffic conditions at different time intervals. The first scenario represents accessibility values for the morning period, between 09:00 and 11:00. The second scenario represents accessibility during the evening, between 16:00 and 18:00. The results show that Cluj County has good accessibility to hospitals, with over 70% of the population reaching the nearest hospital in less than 30 minutes, especially in Cluj-Napoca and the surrounding localities. The most challenging areas in terms of the accessibility to medical services are mainly in the southwest of the county. The discoveries provide a scientific basis to improve medical access in the mountainous areas of Cluj County
Current "street art" in the city of Bucharest
No full textStreet art is a complex and diverse art form. Its presence in the urban environment makes it possible for the public to see it quickly. Sometimes, the controversial approach to street art and how it is reported can lead to an attitude of rejection, especially from the resident population. However, the creativity and ingenuity shown within the street art movements have led some cities to implement legislation and urban planning rules facilitating a medium for such creations, aiming to beautify or even promote specific neighbourhoods and their cultural landscapes. In the Municipality of Bucharest, artistic street representations have recently exploded in frequency and size, even in areas previously dominated by socio-economic landscapes undergoing reconversion. In this context, this study aims to emphasise street art’s influence on the socio-cultural space, both from its aesthetic contribution as well as the resident population’s perception. The study’s objectives consist of analysing the significance and purpose of the main artistic operas in their artists’ opinions (motifs, colours, paintings) and the population’s perception of street art. The research methodology comprised direct observations and the use of the inquiry method (semi-structured interview and questionnaire). The study’s results compare the opinion of the artists who create specific street art and that of the residents as a direct result of a perception change about the city’s aesthetics. A visual representation coexisting with local architecture is a modern trend that makes the city space attractive and adds cultural value