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PATTERN OF DELAYED PRESENTATION OF BREAST CANCERPATIENTS: EVIDENCE FROM RANGPUR MEDICAL COLLEGEHOSPITAL, RANGPUR, BANGLADESH
Get PDFBackground: Bangladesh is facing a high burden of breast cancer disease. It is the 2 nd leading cause of cancer death after cervical cancer. Delay in seeking treatment contributes in breast cancer patients’ presentation at the tertiary hospitals when cancer is at an advanced stage and leads to poor prognosis. Late presentation with advanced stage is the common feature of breast cancer patients of Bangladesh. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to explore factors associated with delay in seeking cancer treatment among breast cancer patients at a tertiary care Hospital. Methods: Cross sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Surgery Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients who admitted to surgery ward and fulfill inclusion criteria during our study period was included in this study. Sixty two patients with carcinoma breast were included in this study. Thorough search for personal information and reasons behind delayed presentation was made from the patients. Information regarding tumor stage at time of diagnosis was extracted from hospital records and involved pathologic and clinical data. The data was collected in a pre designed data collection sheet. Correlation between personal and social factors and delayed presentation were made to find out the factors responsible for delayed presentation. Results: 36% patients came within 3 months of noticing the lump in breast and 64% delayed more than 3 months. Among 62 patients 76% were from low socioeconomic class, 62% had no formal primary education and 74% took initial treatment from Homeopath and traditional healer. Significant association was found with these patient related factors and delayed presentation. Association was also found between delayed presentation and advanced stage of disease. Conclusion: The findings suggest that 64% women with breast cancer presented late and have significant effect on their disease prognosis. There is a great impact of patient factors (personal and social) on delayed presentation. To reduce patient delay community awareness, health education programs regarding breast cancer should be implemented for target women who are at higher risk of delay
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF PLANT FLAVONOIDS ON MCF-7,A-549 AND PA-1 CANCER CELL LINES
Get PDFThe research aimed in the direction of five different medicinal plants (hydro alcoholics extract) to evaluate anticancer activity and cytotoxcity. The most important purpose of this study is to evaluate cytotoxicity of these medicinal plants with facilitate of MTT assay. Concentrations are prepared of each plant extracts which are 100 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 0.1 μg/ml, 0.01 μg/ml and 5-10×10 3 cells/ml are taken into each well which are exposed to different Concentrations of plant extracts crude and elute of column chromatography [CC] for 96 hrs and then treated with MTT and take absorbance at 570 nm. Standard drug was used for IC50 of Doxorubicin MCF-7 500nm, A549- 550nm, PA-1- 580nm
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMESRETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN THE HEMATOLOGY DEPARTMENTOF THE MILITARY HOSPITAL OF RABAT
Get PDFThere is no data on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in Morocco. Indeed, this disease has long remained unexplored. Wepresent the epidemiological data on MDS of the department of hematology of the Mohamed V Military Hospital for aperiod of 9 years and 4 months. In this study, we registered the MDS cases diagnosed by bone marrow examinationsbetween January 2006 and April 2015. We classified these cases according to the 2008 WHO classification. Patients withsecondary MDS (post-chemo/radiotherapy were excluded from the analysis. We compiled 155 cases, which is equivalent to21% of the malign hemopathies recorded on the same period. The median age of diagnosis was 62 years. The group of ageunder 50 years represented only 8% of the whole study population. There was a preponderance of males with a M/F ratio of1.58. The distribution according to the WHO subtypes was as follows: refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia(61%) followed by refractory anemia with excess of blasts type 1 (26%) and type 2 (9%). The number of new MDS casesincreased through the analyzed period of time. It went from 45 new cases between 2006 and 2011 to 110 new casesbetween 2012 and the start of 2015. The global frequency of MDS increased over recent years due to the cytologists’increasing awareness of this disease. A national registry is thus imperative in order to estimate the real incidence of MDS inour country and to improve the knowledge on these hemopathie
HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELLBEING OF THE WORKERS IN THESTONE QUARRYING AND CRUSHING INDUSTRY
Get PDFIntroduction: The quarryis an open excavation or a type of open pit mine, from which the stone is obtained by digging,blasting or cutting. The Indian quarries cater to the needs of railways, road construction and maintenance, housing andinfrastructure building. The objectives of this were to assess the social wellbeing among quarry workers, to study the healthissues peculiar to specific vulnerable population groups in the quarry, specifically under five children of quarry workers,women and the elderly and to enumerate if any health problems among workers, with specific reference to injuries andother work related morbidities.Methodology: This study was a cross sectional study done over a period of one year among people working in threequarries, situated in the peri-urban area of Bangalore. Predesigned and pretested tools were used to collect the data fromvarious vulnerable groups working in quarries.Results and discussion: Social wellbeing, most of the workers were migrants from neighbouring states were dissatisfiedwith their job and isolated working conditions. Nutritional status of under five children, 95% of the children wereundernourished. Status of women employees, the common health problems were musculoskeletal pain, menstrual disordersand substance abuses in the form of alcohol. Among the elderly, majority were employed, cataract and vision were the mostcommon problems. Most common injuries were cuts and bruises on the lower limbs. The workers in quarry had loweredlung function test as measured by the mean PEFR when compared to the standard mean PEFR among Indians
CANCER –FROM THE HORIZONS OF UNANI MEDICINE
Get PDFCancer is an abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and in some cases to metastasize. cancer is the Latin word for crab .The ancients used the word to mean malignancy because of the crab like tenacity. It is a mass of tissue formed as a result of abnormal, excessive, uncoordinated, autonomous and purposeless proliferation of cell. Hippocrates [460-377BC] coined the term karkinos for cancer of the breast.. Cancer cells in other words refuse to stop multiplying and continue to increase in number. It is the failure to stop multiplying which is the hallmark of a cancer. This they do even at the cost of other normal cells of the body which are starved to death for lack of nutrition. In Unani literature the basic cause of disease is change in akhlat with respect to their quality and quantity. When the black bile (sauda) deviates from its normal quantity and quality
Deficiency-related pancytopenia: retrospective study of 34 cases
Get PDFIntroduction: The goal of this work was to determine the place of the deficiency-related etiology inPancytopenia, facilitation of the diagnosis and the definition of the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinicalcharacteristics of deficiency-related Pancytopenia.Methodology: It is a retrospective study of 112 Pancytopenia cases of which 34 were Deficiency-relatedPancytopenia taken from a data taken from a period of 5 years (2006-2010) from the HematologyLaboratory of the Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital Rabat.Results: 112 Pancytopenia cases were found. The result from a comparison between 2 groups of patientsof medium age with or without etiological deficiency-related Pancytopenia by the “Student Test” was t =0.001070744<0.025 and the comparison of the parameters of theHemogram by the ANOVA Test gave the following values: F= 0.41, p= 0.565 greater than alpha= 0.05 fora limit of 5%.For the 34 cases of deficiency-related Pancytopenia studied, 11 were women and the rest men.The medium age was 48.47 years. The medium level of Hb was 6.11 g/dl. Leukocyte and plateletNumeration Media were respectively 2.55 g/l and 58.78 g/lDiscussion: The etiology deficiency-related is the principal cause of Pancytopenia in the department ofHematology of the Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital Rabat. This diagnosis demands the use ofmyelogram and or the determination of the quantity of vitamins or the use of therapeutic tests. Theepidemiological, clinical and para-clinical characteristics are similar to those found in literature.Conclusion: We observed the need for early diagnosis of vitamin deficiency (Vit B12 and Vit B9) coupledwith the systemization of preventive measures for all persons at high risk. It is however primordial forregular follow-ups of the progression over a long period of time of patients under treatment at the aim ofcorrecting the deficiency-related Pancytopeni
ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF TEENAGEPREGNANCY: A PHENOMONOLOGICAL STUDY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to describe the Antecedents and Consequences of Teenage Pregnancy. The participants were 10Teenage Mothers aged 14-19 that are selected purposively in terms of undergoing teenage pregnancy in BarangayBambang, Bulakan, Bulacan and shared their lived experiences pertaining to this stage of their life. Phenomenological typeof Qualitative Research was utilized in this study. The researcher utilized a guided questionnaire that was based onliterature which has been validated by 3 professionals. The main data source typically is in-depth conversations, with theresearcher and informants as co-participants. Data was collected through tape recording. After the data collection, theresearcher analyzed and interpreted the information obtained using IPA Methodology (Interpretative PhenomenologicalAnalysis).The findings revealed that socio-economic phenomenon caused (antecedents) the participants to experienceteenage pregnancy are Teenage Pregnancy is associated with poverty including low family income, crowded community,semi squatter dwelling type and school disengagement. Prevalence of family problems/conflicts including rupturedrelationship with parents, broken family and limited parental guidance. Peer influences including hanging out with wrongbarkadas, involvement in drinking sprawl and alcohol misuse. The consequences of teenage pregnancy that the teenagemothers experienced are family problems including financial problems, nourishment of the child and early responsibilities.They also experienced discrimination acts like feedback about early pregnancy and topic of rumors. Teenage mother’sunmet goals are to go abroad, to finish their studies and to support their family. The coping mechanisms of the teenagemothers are getting family support, acceptance of the phenomenon, getting support from the husband’s family and findingemployment. The Sociological Propositions that evolved from the experiences of the young adolescents who experiencedteenage pregnancy as a social phenomenon is caused, and therefore it can be avoided if the causative factors can be broughtto for, studied and a relevant social program can be formulate to mitigate teenage pregnancy and its consequences. Toconclude, Socio-economic phenomenon plays an important role in causing teenage pregnancy. The results of the studybecame the basis for developing guidelines to mitigate teenage pregnancy. The study recommended that the Governmentshould focus on improving economic opportunities to low-income families to improve their life. Teenagers need propercounseling and support from their families
MENSTRUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PREVALENCE OFDYSMENORRHOEA AMONG FEMALE PHYSIOTHERAPYSTUDENTS
Get PDFBackground: A common gynaecological problem encountered among female students is dysmenorrhoea, which alsoappears to be a leading cause of absenteeism from college. Hence arises a need to evaluate the menstrual characteristics andprevalence of dysmenorrhoea along with its severity among students.Materials and methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2014 to July 2014 at SPBPhysiotherapy College, Surat, Western India. The study group included 133 female students. The data was collected bygeneral assessment form, questionnaires regarding menstrual characteristics and dysmenorrhoea, Visual analogue scale(VAS) and Verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMSS) for assessment of dysmenorrhoea severity. Percentages andChi-square test were used for statistical analyses.Results: The average age of the participants was 20.8 ± 1.8 years (range 17–23 years).Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea wasfound to be 71.2%.There was an association between dysmenorrhea and coffee consumption, choclate consumption,menstrual bleeding duration days, menstrual cycle regularity, family history of dysmenorrhoea, any gynaecological diseases(P < 0.05, for each one). Among dysmennorhic respondents, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain of dysmenorrhoea was 1-3(n=48), 4-7(n=19), 8-10 (n=22).Conclusion: Dysmenorrhoea is a very common problem among girls and it affects their quality of life. It can be bettermanaged by mental preparation and by appropriate change in lifestyle like regular physical exercise and with assurance tothe students. It is important to spread awareness about the causes and treatment of dysmenorrhoea to avoid undue sufferingscausing absenteeism from work and studies
A RANDOMISED CONTROL STUDY ON EFFECT OF OCTREOTIDEIN MANAGEMNT OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS WITH VARYINGSEVERITIES
Get PDFBackground: Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of otherregional tissues or organ systems. Theories on pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis suggest that autodigestion of the gland andperipancreatic tissues by activated digestive enzymes is a key component. Octreotide is a potent inhibitor of pancreaticsecretion, but the benefits of octreotide in acute pancreatitis in humans is still inconclusive.Aim: To study the effect of octreotide in acute pancreatitis with different severities.Method: 284 patients were assigned into two groups randomly, the study group comprising of 138 patients received injoctreotide 100 μg S.C. 8 hrly. The other aspects of the treatment protocol were similar in both groups. Severity of thedisease was evaluated initially according to Ranson criteria, APACHE II SCORING, CRP values & Balthazar grading.Both the groups were observed prospectively and outcome of treatment was evaluated.Results: The results were analysed after dividing both the study and control group into 5 groups each according-toincreased severities. The complication rate was 10% in group 1 and 28% in group 2 according to APACHE II among thestudy group, whereas it was 23% and 46% in the conrol group respectively. The values in patients stratified according toother criterias were also comparable. The results in cases of severe pancreatitis were poor, complication rates varying from56% to 100% in the 3'd and 5th group according to Ranson criteria among the study group and 62% to 100% respectivelyamong the control group. Mortality of the study and control group also did not show any significant changes.Conclusion: Inhibition of secretory function in the early course of the disease especially in mild and moderate cases ofpancreatitis has been shown to improve final outcome. As in case of acute pancreatitis it is very difficult to estimate theseverity and disease progress at the very onset, and as the majority of cases are mild to moderate in severity, it will bebeneficial to start with octreotide in any treatment protocol along with supportive resuscitative measures
Efficacy of intramuscular electrical stimulation with dry needleover classical trigger point dry needling in non-traumaticshoulder pain and dysfunction–a randomized controlled pilotstudy
Get PDFBackground: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common condition in most of the painful shoulder conditions and it is effectively treated with trigger point dry needling of shoulder muscles. Very few studies on Intra muscular electrical stimulation were docu-mented the effects of IMES with dry needle in treating MPS. This study was conducted to establish the clinical importance of IMES with dry needle in Myofascial pain syndrome of non traumatic shoulder disorders. Methods: 30 subjects with unilateral non-traumatic shoulder pain and dysfunction were selected and divided into two groups, 15 subjects in each group. Experimental group (7 male and 8 female subjects) treated with IMES with dry needle and control group (7 male and 8 female subjects) treated with classical trigger point dry needling twice in a week for consecutive 3 weeks. Pain, range of motion, and shoulder disability were assessed with VAS, Goniometry, and DASH-Questionnaire respectively at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd week, and end of 3rd month. Results: Descriptive characteristics of pre and post intervention VAS and DASH-Q, score and shoulder range of movements suggesting improvement in intramuscular electrical stimulation with dry needle. Within group comparison of VAS score and DASH-Q score in both groups in all observations shown the p value=.001 and between group comparison VAS score shown the mean 5.70 ± 1.02 standard deviation in the 1st week post intervention and DASH-Q score shown the mean 49.66 ± 9.69 standard deviation in the 1st week, mean 61.76 ± 7.30 standard deviation in the 2nd week intervention. Shoulder range of motion within group comparison was shown the p=.000 in both groups and between group comparison of shoulder abduction was shown the mean difference of 13.7 (p=.033) and 20.4 (p=.028) in the 1st and 2nd week and for shoulder external rotation shown the mean difference of 8.40 (p value= .01), and 9.60 (p=.01) in the 1st and 2nd week post intervention. Conclusion: This pilot study result suggests that both IMES with dry needle and classical trigger point dry needling are effective in treating pain and dysfunction. And subjects treated with IMES with dry Needle more effective in producing early recovery from pain and dysfunction of shoulder compared to the Classical Trigger Point Dry Needling in myofascial pain syndrome due to Non-Traumatic Shoulder pain and dysfunction