Texas Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences
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The Scientific Foundations of Modern Sterilization Processes and Their Role in Microbiological Safety
No full textThis article provides an expanded theoretical overview of modern sterilization processes, emphasizing their scientific foundations, molecular mechanisms, and critical role in microbiological safety. Sterilization is examined as a complex, interdisciplinary system integrating microbiology, chemistry, physics, and biotechnology. The paper discusses the resistance mechanisms of microorganisms—particularly bacterial spores—and the ways in which physical, chemical, and radiation-based sterilization methods overcome such resistance. The study highlights the importance of process validation, biological indicators, and emerging low-temperature and plasma-based sterilization technologies. The article concludes that sterilization represents a key component of scientific research integrity, clinical safety, and modern biotechnological manufacturing
Bioecological Properties Of The Psylla Pyri L
No full textThis article discusses the bioecological characteristics of the sucking insect pest Psylla pyri. The adult form and larvae of the insect cause damage by sucking the sap from the shoots, stems, leaves and fruits of the pear plant and secrete a sugary sticky liquid. As a result, vital processes in various organs of the plant are disrupted, the leaves darken and fall off, the fruits become hard and dehydrated, and the plant weakens, which leads to a significant decrease in the yield of the following year
Temperature Of Cotton In The Stack During The Initial Storage Period
No full textSince Uzbekistan gained independence, new equipment and technologies have been widely used in cotton production. Of course, we are well aware that significant financial costs lie behind these issues. Taking this into account, the President of our Republic and the Cabinet of Ministers are also paying great attention to equipping cotton gins with modern equipment and technologies that meet modern requirements, allocating the necessary funds from the republican budget
Bioecological, Properties And Agrotechnology Of Growing Of The Medicinal Plant Capsella Bursa-Pastoris (L.) In The Conditions Of Karakalpokistan
No full textThe article analyzes ethnobotanical data on the use of natural medicinal plants in Karakalpakstan. Currently, there are 63 families of medicinal plants, 444 species belonging to 240 genera, which grow in natural conditions in the region, which is 40% of the total flora. The use of herbs identified in the process of interviews with doctors in the form of a questionnaire on the use of these medicinal plants in folk medicine. The flora of Uzbekistan consists about 4 500 species of vascular plants due to it’s biogeographically features, which make a center of medicinal plant diversity (sharply continental climate, availability sultry deserts and high mountains, abundance of endemic flora). About 600 species of medicinal plants has been used in traditional medicine, but according to last research we can confirm that in Uzbekistan are growing 1154 species, which are supposed to be medicinal
Conservation Area Of Irrigation Networks
No full textIrrigation networks play a crucial role in the sustainable development of Uzbekistan's economy and society, particularly ensuring efficient use of water resources and stability in the agricultural sector. The country has approximately 3.2 million hectares of irrigated land, which highlights the growing importance of rational management and protection of water resources. In recent years, due to climate change, industrialization, population growth, and decreasing water sources, the efficiency and condition of irrigation networks have deteriorated, leading to a decline in the meliorative quality of irrigated lands. For instance, although more than 248 billion Uzbek soms were spent on modernizing irrigation systems in the Aral Sea region during 2013–2017, issues related to water supply and land reclamation remain unresolved [1]. Therefore, designating and managing irrigation networks as protected zones to prevent water loss, protect the environment, and preserve the fertility of agricultural lands is an urgent task
Hydraulic Justification Of Parameters Of Water-Saving Techniques And Technologies For Irrigation Of Agricultural Crops
No full textThis study investigates the hydraulic justification of parameters for water-saving irrigation techniques and technologies applied in agricultural crop cultivation. The efficiency of modern drip and sprinkler irrigation systems is analyzed in terms of water conservation, hydraulic performance, and energy consumption. Hydraulic calculations were carried out using Bernoulli’s equation and Darcy–Weisbach formula to determine flow rates, pressure distribution, and head losses within irrigation networks. Field experiments were conducted on cotton, vegetable, and orchard crops under different irrigation technologies. Results demonstrated that drip irrigation reduced water losses to 10–15%, compared to 35–40% in traditional surface irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation saved up to 25–30% of water while ensuring uniform distribution. Energy consumption was reduced by 18–22% when pipe diameters and operating pressure were optimized. On average, 1000–1200 m³ of water per hectare was saved in cotton production. Additionally, water-saving technologies decreased groundwater table rise by 20–25%, reducing soil salinization risks and improving land reclamation conditions. The findings highlight the potential of water-saving technologies as an effective strategy for sustainable water resource management in irrigated agricultur
New and modern methods of combating grain pests
No full textThe scientific article examines the species composition, bioecological characteristics of the dominant species, habitat, harmfulness, as well as the species composition and importance of natural weeds in the development of measures to protect grain crops. The results obtained were analyzed and effective chemicals and measures were introduced to combat harmful pest species
Cultivation of Cotton Using Drip Irrigation Technology
No full textThe article presents the results of an experiment conducted on meadow-alluvial soils of the Bukhara region, where the groundwater table is at a depth of 2.0–2.5 m. In the experimental cotton field irrigated using drip irrigation, when the pre-irrigation soil moisture was maintained at 75–80–65% of the field capacity (FC), the cotton was irrigated four times according to the 0-4-0 irrigation scheme. No irrigation was applied during the period from germination to flowering, while during the flowering–boll formation stages, four irrigations were carried out with irrigation rates ranging from 616 to 651 m³/ha. The total seasonal irrigation norm amounted to 2521–2537 m³/ha, which is 1594–1633 m³/ha less compared to the control variant, indicating significant water saving
Selection Of Promising Broccoli Varieties Suitable For The Conditions Of Southern Uzbekistan
No full textThe article presents the results of studies conducted to select promising varieties of broccoli suitable for the conditions of southern Uzbekistan. Promising samples are identified by the duration of the fruiting period and overall yield
Assessment Of The Influence Of Changes In The Hydrological Regime On The Forest Plant Community
No full textThe article assesses the impact of changes in the hydrological regime on the tugai plant community. According to the research results, it was established that the dynamics of groundwater influences tugai vegetation. As a result of changes in the hydrological regime in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, the process of halophytosis of soil and vegetation significantly intensified, which began with the regulation of river flow, which led to the emergence of various halophytic variants of tugai forests and the degradation of typical tugai ecosystems